Quantitative evaluation of hepatic steatosis using attenuation imaging in a pediatric population: a prospective study.

Background: Obesity and fatty-liver disease are increasingly common in children. Hepatic steatosis is becoming the most common cause of chronic liver disease during childhood. There is a need for noninvasive imaging methods that are easily accessible, safe and do not require sedation in the diagnosis and follow-up of the disease.

[Endoscopic intragastric injection of botulinum toxin in the treatment of patients with morbid obesity: opportunities and prospects].

The authors consider modern epidemiological and demographic data on morbid obesity. Literature review is devoted to non-surgical treatment of patients with morbid obesity. The authors analyze the results of experimental and clinical studies on endoscopic intragastric injection of botulinum toxin and bariatric efficacy of this approach.

[Fournier`s gangrene: evolution of representations about pathogenesis, current state diagnosis and treatment].

The article is devoted to one of the rare forms of necrotizing fasciitis - Fourniers gangrene (FG). In chronological order, key aspects related to epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, classification, clinic, diagnosis and treatment are highlighted, according to extensive literature. It is postulated that according to modern scientific provisions, Fournier gangrene is a private clinical model of critical conditions in surgery, which is characterized by progressive purulent-necrotic lesion and putrefactive decay of soft tissue and fascial structures and is accompanied by phenomena of systemic endotoxicosis (sepsis) and high mortality, varying from 35 to 76-86%.

[SOCIAL HEALTH OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF SOCIAL CHANGE].

Absolutely all over the world there is a constant increase in the number of people with disabilities, as a result of a number of economic, social, ecological, demographic reasons. The share of disabled people on the territory of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic has remained high in recent years. The article touches upon the issues of qualitative indicators of the social health of people with disabilities, gives a fundamental characteristic of social health.

[Colorectal cancer liver metastases: current state of the problem, priority treatment approaches].

The review is devoted to the world trends in epidemiology of colorectal cancer and treatment of colorectal cancer liver metastases. The authors analyze the effectiveness of traditional (resection) and modern minimally invasive methods of local destruction (radiofrequency thermoablation, microwave ablation, cryoablation), stereotactic radiotherapy, radiosurgery, targeted therapy and endovascular techniques (chemoinfusion, chemoembolization, radioembolization). It was emphasized that searching for new chemotherapeutic and targeted drugs is one of the reserve ways to improve treatment outcomes in patients with potentially resectable colorectal cancer liver metastases.

OPEC study: An international multicenter study of ovarian preservation in endometrial cancers.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and oncological safety of ovarian preservation in early stage endometrial adenocarcinoma (EC) patients aged 40 and below.

Methods: A total of 11 institutions from eight countries participated in the study. 169 of 5898 patients aged ≤40 years were eligible for the study.

[Nasointestinal intubation in surgery of acute intestinal obstruction and peritonitis: past, present and future].

The authors analyze history of development nasointestinal intubation for abdominal decompression in patients acute intestinal obstruction and widespread peritonitis, contribution of Russian and foreign surgical schools to improvement and popularization of this technique. Advisability, clinical efficacy, advantages and disadvantages of this method are stated. The prospects of nasointestinal intubation in the foreseeable future are considered in these patients.

Cut-off values of skeletal muscle index and psoas muscle index at L3 vertebra level by computerized tomography to assess low muscle mass.

Background & Aims: Computerized tomography (CT) is considered the gold standard for the evaluation of total skeletal muscle quantity. Skeletal muscle assessments at the L3 vertebra level revealed significantly correlated with total body muscle measurements. Clinicians need cut-offs to evaluate low muscle mass in various patients who already had CT imaging without any additional cost.

SUCCOR study: an international European cohort observational study comparing minimally invasive surgery versus open abdominal radical hysterectomy in patients with stage IB1 cervical cancer.

Background: Minimally invasive surgery in cervical cancer has demonstrated in recent publications worse outcomes than open surgery. The primary objective of the SUCCOR study, a European, multicenter, retrospective, observational cohort study was to evaluate disease-free survival in patients with stage IB1 (FIGO 2009) cervical cancer undergoing open vs minimally invasive radical hysterectomy. As a secondary objective, we aimed to investigate the association between protective surgical maneuvers and the risk of relapse.

[Assessment of the efficiency of sialosis treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus].

The Aim Of The Study: Was to determine changes in the levels of cytokines in the oral fluid in patients with type 2 diabetes and sialosis, depending on the level of glycemia and the duration of type 2 diabetes, as well as in the dynamics of basic and complex treatment.

Materials And Methods: Forty patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled in the study and divided into two groups according to disease duration: group 1 comprised 15 patients having diabetes for ≤5 years, group 2 - 25 suffering for more than 5 years.

Results: The study revealed changes in pancreatic cancer immunological parameters in patients with sialosis and type 2 diabetes.

SATEN III-Splitting Adjuvant Treatment of stage III ENdometrial cancers: an international, multicenter study.

Introduction: The purposes of this study were to compare adjuvant treatment modalities and to determine prognostic factors in stage III endometrioid endometrial cancer (EC).

Methods: SATEN III was a retrospective study involving 13 centers from 10 countries. Patients who had been operated on between 1998 and 2018 and diagnosed with stage III endometrioid EC were analyzed.

Encapsulated Papillary Carcinoma in A Man with Gynecomastia: Ultrasonography, Mammography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features with Pathologic Correlation.

Male breast cancer is an uncommon disease that constitutes 1% of all breast cancers and encapsulated papillary carcinoma (EPC) is a rare subtype of malignant male diseases. Gynecomastia is the most common disease of the male breast. We report a 63-year-old male patient with EPC accompanied by gynecomastia that was diagnosed and treated at our breast center.

A confounding rib variation: bilateral symmetric aberrant posterior rib articulations and bridgings.

Introduction: Although mild bone angulation with osseous enlargement often suggests fractures with callus formation, in some cases the diagnosis is synchondrosis.

Case Report: We present a rare variation of the chest wall in a 15-year-old male with a history of lymphoma. Bilateral multi-level posterior rib enlargements revealing mild F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake were detected via positron-emission tomography/computed tomography.

Oncologic results of laparoscopic liver resection for malignant liver tumors.

Background: There are scant data regarding oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic liver resection (LLR). The aim of this study is to analyze the oncologic outcomes of LLR for malignant liver tumors (MLT).

Methods: This was a prospective IRB-approved study of 123 patients with MLT undergoing LLR.

Predictors of recurrence in pheochromocytoma.

Background: The recurrence rate of pheochromocytoma after adrenalectomy is 6.5-16.5%.

An analysis of whether surgeon-performed neck ultrasound can be used as the main localizing study in primary hyperparathyroidism.

Background: Tc-99 sestamibi (MIBI) scan is the imaging study most frequently used in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP). Transcutaneous cervical ultrasonography (US) is the other modality used for preoperative localization. The aim of this study was to determine whether surgeon-performed neck US can be used as the primary localizing study in PHP.

The utility of neck ultrasound and sestamibi scans in patients with secondary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism.

Introduction: Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) and tertiary hyperparathyroidism (THPT) are disease entities in patients with chronic kidney disease that are caused by parathyroid hyperplasia. The role of preoperative localization studies in patients undergoing parathyroidectomy for these conditions remains poorly defined.

Aim: To evaluate the utility of surgeon-performed neck ultrasound (US) as well as sestamibi scans in the localization of parathyroid glands in patients with SHPT/THPT.

A new risk stratification algorithm for the management of patients with adrenal incidentalomas.

Background: Although adrenal incidentalomas (AI) are detected in ≤5% of patients undergoing chest and abdominal computed tomography (CT), their management is challenging. The current guidelines include recommendations from the National Institutes of Health, the American Association of Endocrine Surgeons (AAES), and the American Association for Cancer Education (AACE). The aim of this study was to develop a new risk stratification model and compare its performance against the existing guidelines for managing AI.

Bilateral posterior retroperitoneal robotic adrenalectomy for ACTH-independent Cushing syndrome.

Background: Laparoscopic posterior retroperitoneal (PR) adrenalectomy is preferable in patients with bilateral adrenal masses, as it obviates the need for repositioning. Robotic adrenalectomy has been reported to improve surgeon ergonomics and facilitate dissection. Although robotic bilateral transabdominal lateral adrenalectomy has been described in the literature, to our knowledge, the robotic bilateral PR approach has not been reported before.

A critical analysis of postoperative morbidity and mortality after laparoscopic radiofrequency ablation of liver tumors.

Background: Although the laparoscopic approach provides certain advantages over the percutaneous radiofrequency thermal ablation (RFA), the morbidity needs to be defined. The aim of this study is to analyze the morbidity and underlying risk factors after laparoscopic RFA of liver tumors.

Methods: Between 1996 and 2012, 910 patients underwent 1,207 RFA procedures for malignant liver tumors in a tertiary academic center.

Initial experience with a new articulating energy device for laparoscopic liver resection.

Background: Although significant advances have been made in laparoscopic liver resection (LLR), most techniques still rely on multiple energy devices and staplers, which increase operative costs. The aim of this study was to report the initial results of a new multifunctional energy device for hepatic parenchymal transection.

Methods: Fourteen patients who underwent LLR using this new device were compared to 20 patients who had LLR using current laparoscopic techniques (CL).