Nephrol Dial Transplant
April 2024
Background: To assess whether 24-h urine oxalate (UOx) excretion is a risk factor for incident chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Methods: This longitudinal observational USA-based study included 426 896 individuals aged ≥18 years with no CKD at baseline and with at least one UOx, and at least 6 months of baseline and 6 months of follow-up data. Of these, 11 239 (2.
Objective: Polypharmacy management of recurrent pericarditis (RP) often involves long-term therapies, often with negative effects. Slow tapering of oral therapies is often required to avoid recurrence. A post hoc analysis of the phase III trial Rilonacept inHibition of interleukin-1 Alpha and beta for recurrent Pericarditis: a pivotal Symptomatology and Outcomes Study (RHAPSODY) evaluated investigator approaches to transitioning to IL-1 blockade monotherapy with rilonacept, which was hypothesised to allow accelerated withdrawal of common multidrug pericarditis regimens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground Recurrent pericarditis is characterized by painful flares and inflammation, which negatively impact health-related quality of life. RHAPSODY (rilonacept inhibition of interleukin-1 alpha and beta for recurrent pericarditis: a pivotal symptomatology and outcomes study) evaluated the efficacy and safety of rilonacept (IL-1α and -β cytokine trap) in recurrent pericarditis. A secondary analysis of these data evaluated the patient-reported outcome questionnaire score change during the trial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Interleukin-1 has been implicated as a mediator of recurrent pericarditis. The efficacy and safety of rilonacept, an interleukin-1α and interleukin-1β cytokine trap, were studied previously in a phase 2 trial involving patients with recurrent pericarditis.
Methods: We conducted a phase 3 multicenter, double-blind, event-driven, randomized-withdrawal trial of rilonacept in patients with acute symptoms of recurrent pericarditis (as assessed on a patient-reported scale) and systemic inflammation (as shown by an elevated C-reactive protein [CRP] level).
Background: Long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) are recommended for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Glycopyrrolate/eFlow® is an investigational drug-device combination of the LAMA glycopyrrolate administered by an eFlow® Closed System (eFlow® CS) nebulizer. The GOLDEN 2 (NCT01706536) and GOLDEN 6 (NCT02038829) Phase II, multicenter studies were conducted to inform dose selection for the GOLDEN Phase III clinical trials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv
June 2018
Background: Glycopyrrolate administered by a novel, investigational eFlow Closed System (CS) nebulizer (eFlow CS) is being evaluated for the maintenance treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The eFlow CS is a hand-held, vibrating membrane nebulizer optimized to deliver 1 mL of glycopyrrolate solution into the lung in <3 minutes. Clinical studies have shown improvements in lung function of subjects treated with nebulized glycopyrrolate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The use of long-acting bronchodilators is an essential component of the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The GOLDEN 5 Phase III, randomized, active-controlled, open-label study was conducted to evaluate the long-term safety and tolerability of a nebulized glycopyrrolate formulation (SUN-101) delivered via the investigational eFlow Closed System (eFlow CS) nebulizer in subjects with moderate-to-very-severe COPD.
Methods: Subjects were randomized in a 4:3 ratio to nebulized glycopyrrolate 50 μg twice daily (BID) or tiotropium 18 μg once daily (OD) and treated for 48 weeks.
Background: SUN-101 is a combination of glycopyrrolate delivered through an innovative, electronic nebulizer, intended for the treatment of patients with COPD. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of this new drug device combination.
Methods: Replicate Phase III randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies were conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of glycopyrrolate solution administered by an investigational eFlow Closed System (eFlow CS) nebulizer in subjects with moderate-to-very-severe COPD, including those with continued background use of a long-acting beta-agonist ± inhaled corticosteroid and/or history of cardiovascular (CV) disease.
Background: Arformoterol tartrate (arformoterol, 15 μg bid) is a nebulized long-acting β2-agonist approved for maintenance treatment of COPD.
Methods: This was a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Patients (aged ≥ 40 years with baseline FEV1 ≤ 65% predicted, FEV1 > 0.
Objective: Ecallantide is a recombinant peptide in the same class as aprotinin that inhibits plasma kallikrein, a major component of the contact coagulation and inflammatory cascades. Therefore, ecallantide was expected to reduce blood loss associated with cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass.
Methods: This prospective multinational, randomized, double-blind trial enrolled patients undergoing cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass for procedures associated with a high risk of bleeding.
A cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) vaccine (CETi-1) that induces auto-antibodies that specifically bind and inhibit activity of endogenous CETP has been demonstrated in rabbits to significantly increase HDL-C and reduce the development of atherosclerosis. In a Phase I human trial with CETi-1, one patient at the highest dose (250 mg) out of a total of 36 patients who received a single injection developed anti-CETP antibodies. In an extension study of 23 patients, 53% (8/15) who received a second injection of the active vaccine developed anti-CETP antibodies compared with 0% (0/8) in the placebo group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Successful management of an ABO-mismatched lung allograft recipient has not previously been described.
Methods: Because of a clerical error, a 67-year-old blood type B patient with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis received a left single-lung allograft from a blood type A donor. Cyclophosphamide was added to immunosuppression with anti-thymocyte globulin induction, cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil, and prednisone.