Intrathecal Morphine in Postoperative Analgesia for Colorectal Cancer Surgery: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Colorectal cancer surgery is commonly performed with adequate analgesia essential for patient recovery. This study assessed the effectiveness of intrathecal morphine and patient-controlled analgesia (ITM + PCA) vs patient-controlled analgesia alone (PCA) for postoperative pain management in colorectal cancer surgery.

Methods: This retrospective study extracted and analyzed data covering a 4-year period (2014-2018) from a clinical database with 24- and 48-hour postsurgery follow-up.

Frequent sampling reveals dynamic responses by the transcriptome to routine media replacement in HepG2 cells.

Cultured cell lines are employed extensively for biological research. Large-scale differential gene expression (LSDGE) is being used to study mechanisms of toxicity in such cultures. 'Normal' gene expression dynamics could have a major impact on the design and interpretation of these studies.