Start small and let it build; a mixed-method evaluation of a school-based physical activity program, Kilometre Club.

Background: Despite the benefits of physical activity, there is minimal research focusing on factors that influence real-world school-based physical activity programs. Kilometre (KM) Club is an Australian grassroots program which aims to increase physical activity in students through the completion of an outside walk or run at school. This small-scale pilot evaluation aimed to examine families, teachers and principals' perceptions of the benefits, enablers and barriers of KM Club.

Engaging New Parents in the Development of a Peer Nutrition Education Model Using Participatory Action Research.

This study investigated the implementation model and research methods of a peer education program for new parents focused on infant feeding and nutrition. Two hundred and sixty-nine parents with an infant aged birth to two years old were invited to become co-researchers in a Participatory Action Research (PAR) study over three years. Data included focus group and online participant meeting transcripts, social media data, correspondence between the implementation team and peer educators, and field notes.

Frequency of Prescription Claims for Drugs that May Interact with Janus Kinase Inhibitors Among Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in the US.

Introduction: This study describes the frequency of prescription claims for drugs that may interact with Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors among adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a large US claims database.

Methods: This observational, retrospective, cross-sectional study of the IBM MarketScan Research Commercial and the Medicare Supplemental Database included adults (≥ 18 years) with ≥ 2 outpatient claims 30 or more days apart or ≥ 1 inpatient visit claim with an RA diagnosis between January 1, 2013 and March 31, 2017 (the index period). During the study period, from January 1, 2013 to March 31, 2018, strong organic anion transporter (OAT3) inhibitors, strong cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 inhibitors, and moderate or strong CYP3A4 inhibitors in combination with strong CYP2C19 inhibitors, were identified as drugs with potential for drug-drug interactions (DDIs) with JAK inhibitors approved for RA treatment in the US.

Enhancing the potential effects of text messages delivered via an m-health intervention to improve packing of healthy school lunchboxes.

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of different lunchbox messages on parents' intention to pack a healthy lunchbox.

Design: This study employed an experimental design.

Setting: A series of messages were developed to align with the six constructs of the Health Belief Model.

Inter-rater Reliability of a Clinical Documentation Rubric Within Pharmacotherapy Problem-Based Learning Courses.

To evaluate a clinical documentation rubric for pharmacotherapy problem-based learning (PBL) courses using inter-rater reliability (IRR) among different evaluators. A rubric was adapted for use in grading student pharmacists' clinical documentation in pharmacotherapy PBL courses. Multiple faculty evaluators used the rubric to assess student pharmacists' clinical documentation.

A cross-sectional study to determine the energy density and nutritional quality of primary-school children's lunchboxes.

Objective: The present study describes the energy content of primary-school children's lunchboxes and the proportion of lunchbox foods considered discretionary. Subgroup analyses by sex, socio-economic status, age and weight status were undertaken.

Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted.

Protocol for an effectiveness- implementation hybrid trial to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an m-health intervention to decrease the consumption of discretionary foods packed in school lunchboxes: the 'SWAP IT' trial.

Background: At a population level, small reductions in energy intake have the potential to contribute to a reduction in the prevalence of childhood obesity. In many school systems, there is the potential to achieve a reduction in energy intake through modest improvements in foods packed in children's school lunchboxes. This study will assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a multi-component intervention that uses an existing school-based communication application to reduce the kilojoule content from discretionary foods and drinks consumed by children from school lunchboxes whilst at school.

Variability of Amnesic Shellfish Toxin and Pseudo-nitzschia occurrence in bivalve molluscs and water samples-Analysis of ten years of the official control monitoring programme.

As the official control laboratory for marine biotoxins within Great Britain, the Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, in conjunction with the Scottish Association for Marine Science, has amassed a decade's worth of data regarding the prevalence of the toxins associated with Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning within British waters. This monitoring involves quantitative HPLC-UV analysis of shellfish domoic acid concentration, the causative toxin for Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning, and water monitoring for Pseudo-nitzschia spp., the phytoplankton genus that produces domoic acid.

A randomized controlled trial to assess the potential efficacy, feasibility and acceptability of an m-health intervention targeting parents of school aged children to improve the nutritional quality of foods packed in the lunchbox 'SWAP IT'.

Background: Scalable interventions that improve the nutritional quality of foods in children's lunchboxes have considerable potential to improve child public health nutrition. This study assessed the potential efficacy, feasibility and acceptability of an m-health intervention, 'SWAP IT', to improve the energy and nutritional quality of foods packed in children's lunchboxes.

Methods: The study employed a 2X2 factorial cluster randomized-controlled trial design.

Pharmacy educator evaluation of web-based learning.

Background: Web-based learning (WBL), instruction facilitated through the Internet, has demonstrated utility in classroom and clinical education settings; however, there is a void of literature about the use of WBL by clinical educators within pharmacy. The purpose of this research is to evaluate a WBL initiative within clinical pharmacy education.

Methods: Based on the results of a pilot survey, 10 asynchronous WBL clinical modules (videos and interactive patient cases) were developed for pharmacy educators and students in clinical education affiliated with two schools of pharmacy in the midwest USA.

Feasibility and principal acceptability of school-based mobile communication applications to disseminate healthy lunchbox messages to parents.

Issue Addressed: This study aimed to assess the feasibility and acceptability of using an existing school-based mobile communication application to deliver messages to parents on how to pack a healthy lunchbox.

Methods: A telephone survey was conducted with 196 primary school principals within the Hunter New England region of New South Wales, Australia, in 2016.

Results: Almost two thirds of primary schools (59%) currently use a school-based mobile communication application to communicate with parents.

Assessment of Learner Metacognition in a Professional Pharmacy Elective Course.

To investigate the effect of strategic feedback and metacognitive processes on learners' ability to predict performance and improve self-awareness. Strategic faculty and peer feedback, as well as self-assessments, were implemented in a professional pharmacy elective course throughout the semester, focused on three case-based oral presentations. After each presentation, students utilized an objective rubric to determine self-predicted and peer-predicted scores.

Pharmacy residents as primary educators within a professional pharmacy elective.

Background And Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a course change from a faculty-led professional pharmacy elective to a primarily pharmacy resident-led course on student satisfaction and learning.

Educational Activity And Setting: In 2014, pharmacy residents were transitioned into primary teaching roles in a drug-induced diseases elective to increase student exposure to residents and different teaching styles. Student learning roles did not change.

Student-generated e-learning for clinical education.

Background: Within clinical education, e-learning facilitates a standardised learning experience to augment the clinical experience while enabling learner and teacher flexibility. With the shift of students from consumers to creators, student-generated content is expanding within higher education; however, there is sparse literature evaluating the impact of student-developed e-learning within clinical education. The aim of this study was to implement and evaluate a student-developed e-learning clinical module series within ambulatory care clinical pharmacy experiences.

Interactive web-based learning modules prior to general medicine advanced pharmacy practice experiences.

Objective: To implement and evaluate interactive web-based learning modules prior to advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs) on inpatient general medicine.

Design: Three clinical web-based learning modules were developed for use prior to APPEs in 4 health care systems. The aim of the interactive modules was to strengthen baseline clinical knowledge before the APPE to enable the application of learned material through the delivery of patient care.

Survey of pharmacist-managed primary care clinics using healthcare failure mode and effect analysis.

Objective: The primary objective was to expand upon results of a previously piloted patient perception survey with Healthcare Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (HFMEA), to identify areas within pharmacist-managed clinics needing improvement.

Methods: The survey was adapted for use in pharmacist-managed clinics. Patients completed the survey following regularly scheduled pharmacist appointments.

Canagliflozin, a new sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, in the treatment of diabetes.

Purpose: The published evidence on the pharmacology, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of a promising investigational agent for managing type 2 diabetes is evaluated.

Summary: Canagliflozin belongs to a class of agents-the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors-whose novel mechanism of action offers potential advantages over other antihyperglycemic agents, including a relatively low hypoglycemia risk and weight loss-promoting effects. Canagliflozin has dose-dependent pharmacokinetics, and research in laboratory animals demonstrated high oral bioavailability (85%) and rapid effects in lowering glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) values.

Teratogen use in women of childbearing potential: an intervention study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to quantify the number of women of childbearing potential who are prescribed angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor), angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), or HMG-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor (statin) and to determine the number of documented teratogenic risk discussions (risk documentation) before and after educational interventions.

Methods: The institutional review board-approved retrospective chart review included female patients ages 15 to 45 years who were prescribed an ACE inhibitor, ARB, or statin between January 1, 2007, and March 1, 2009. Exclusion criteria were tubal ligation and hysterectomy.