Immediate pedicled gracilis flap in radial forearm flap phalloplasty for transgender male patients to reduce urinary fistula.

Background And Aim: Radial forearm phalloplasty is accompanied by high rates of fistula formation. We examined the effect of placing a pedicled gracilis myofascial flap around the urethral anastomosis at the time of radial forearm flap transfer on the development of postoperative urethrocutaneous fistula.

Methods: Fifteen patients underwent phalloplasty with urethroplasty between June 2012 and October 2015, and they met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study.

Overall Survival, Disease-Free Survival, Local Recurrence, and Nipple-Areolar Recurrence in the Setting of Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.

Background: Nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) is an increasingly common procedure; however, concerns exist regarding its oncological safety due to the potential for residual breast tissue to harbor occult malignancy or future cancer.

Methods: A systematic literature review was performed. Studies with internal comparison arms evaluating therapeutic NSM versus skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM) and/or modified radical mastectomy (MRM) were included in a meta-analysis of overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and local recurrence (LR).