Child abuse and neglect during the COVID-19 pandemic: An umbrella review.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, multiple child health experts postulated that the stay-at-home orders would negatively impact child abuse and neglect.

Objectives: We aimed to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on child abuse and neglect in children ages 18 and under; and review author recommendations for future emergency lockdown procedures.

Methods: We completed a systematic search of articles across five databases.

The Impact of Sex, Body Mass Index, Age, Exercise Type and Exercise Duration on Interstitial Glucose Levels during Exercise.

The impact of age, sex and body mass index on interstitial glucose levels as measured via continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) during exercise in the healthy population is largely unexplored. We conducted a multivariable generalized estimating equation (GEE) analysis on CGM data (Dexcom G6, 10 days) collected from 119 healthy exercising individuals using CGM with the following specified covariates: age; sex; BMI; exercise type and duration. Females had lower postexercise glycemia as compared with males (92 ± 18 vs.

Blame attribution analysis of police motor vehicle collision reports involving child bicyclists.

Background: Injuries resulting from collisions between a bicyclist and driver are preventable and have high economic, personal and societal costs. Studying the language choices used by police officers to describe factors responsible for child bicyclist-motor vehicle collisions may help shift prevention efforts away from vulnerable road users to motorists and the environment. The overall aim was to investigate how police officers attribute blame in child (≤18 years) bicycle-motor vehicle collision scenarios.

Cortical and cerebellar structural correlates of cognitive-motor integration performance in females with and without persistent concussion symptoms.

Introduction: Fifteen percent of individuals who sustain a concussion develop persistent concussion symptoms (PCS). Recent literature has demonstrated atrophy of the frontal, parietal, and cerebellar regions following acute concussive injury. The frontoparietal-cerebellar network is essential for the performance of visuomotor transformation tasks requiring cognitive-motor integration (CMI), important for daily function.

Sex-related differences in sternocleidomastoid muscle morphology in healthy young adults: A cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging measurement study.

Background: Changes in sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and volume may contribute to neck-related concussion symptoms and whiplash-associated disorders. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data on healthy SCM morphology can provide information that may lead to targeted treatment protocols.

Objectives: To examine sex-related differences in MRI-based SCM CSA, SCM volume and neck area in healthy young adults, to analyze associations between measurements and participant variables and to assess inter-rater reliability for measurement quantification.

Child pedestrian and cyclist injuries, and the built and social environment across Canadian cities: the Child Active Transportation Safety and the Environment Study (CHASE).

Introduction: Traffic injury is a leading and preventable cause of child death and disability, with child pedestrians and cyclists particularly vulnerable. Examining built environment correlates of child pedestrian and cyclist motor vehicle collisions (PCMVC) in different settings is needed to promote an evidence-based approach to road safety.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study across multiple urban/suburban environments in Canada (Calgary, Toronto, Montreal, Laval, Peel Region).

Pilot study to evaluate school safety zone built environment interventions.

Background: School safety zones were created in 2017 under the City of Toronto's Vision Zero Road Safety Plan. This pilot study examined the effect of built environment interventions on driver speeds, active school transportation (AST) and dangerous driving.

Methods: Interventions were implemented at 34 schools and 45 matched controls (2017-2019).

State-of-the-art review: preventing child and youth pedestrian motor vehicle collisions: critical issues and future directions.

Aim: To undertake a comprehensive review of the best available evidence related to risk factors for child pedestrian motor vehicle collision (PMVC), as well as identification of established and emerging prevention strategies.

Methods: Articles on risk factors were identified through a search of English language publications listed in Medline, Embase, Transport, SafetyLit, Web of Science, CINHAL, Scopus and PsycINFO within the last 30 years (~1989 onwards).

Results: This state-of-the-art review uses the road safety Safe System approach as a new lens to examine three risk factor domains affecting child pedestrian safety (built environment, drivers and vehicles) and four cross-cutting critical issues (reliable collision and exposure data, evaluation of interventions, evidence-based policy and intersectoral collaboration).

The association between removing and reintroducing man-made jumps in terrain parks and severe alpine skiing and snowboarding injuries.

Objectives: To explore the effect of removing and reintroducing man-made jumps in terrain parks (TPs), on the proportion of severe injuries among alpine skiers and snowboarders in Québec, Canada.

Design: Quasi-experimental study.

Methods: Injuries were identified via injury report forms completed by ski patrollers during seasons 2000-2001 to 2016-2017 in Québec ski areas.

A Comparison of On-Ice External Load Measures Between Subelite and Elite Female Ice Hockey Players.

Douglas, AS, Rotondi, MA, Baker, J, Jamnik, VK, and Macpherson, AK. A comparison of on-ice external load measures between subelite and elite female ice hockey players. J Strength Cond Res 36(7): 1978-1983, 2022-This study quantified and examined differences in measures of on-ice external load for subelite and elite female ice hockey players.

Terrain park feature compliance with Québec ski area safety recommendations.

Objectives: The primary objective of this paper is to examine terrain park (TP) feature compliance with recommendations from a ski area industry guide (are TP features compliant with the guide?) and determine factors that could be associated with TP feature compliance in Québec ski areas (do factors influence TP feature compliance?), Canada. These recommendations on the design, construction and maintenance are provided by the Québec Ski Areas Association Guide.

Methods: A group of two to four trained research assistants visited seven ski areas.

White Matter Integrity and Its Relationship to Cognitive-Motor Integration in Females with and without Post-Concussion Syndrome.

Fifteen percent of individuals who sustain a concussion go on to develop post-concussion syndrome (PCS). These persistent symptoms are believed to be attributed to damage to white matter tracts and impaired neurotransmission. Specifically, declines in white matter integrity after concussion have been found along the long-coursing axons underlying the frontoparietal network.

Childhood unintentional injury: The impact of family income, education level, occupation status, and other measures of socioeconomic status. A systematic review.

Introduction: Unintentional injuries represent a substantial public health burden among children and adolescents, and previous evidence suggests that there are disparities in injury by socioeconomic status (SES). This paper reports on a systematic review of literature on injury rates among children and adolescents by measures of SES.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using six electronic databases: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, HealthSTAR, EMBASE, and SportsDiscus.

On-Ice Measures of External Load in Relation to Match Outcome in Elite Female Ice Hockey.

The aim of this study is to investigate the differences between select on-ice measures using inertial movement sensors based on match outcome, and to determine changes in player movements across three periods of play. Data were collected during one season of competition in elite female ice hockey players (N = 20). Two-factor mixed effects ANOVAs for each skating position were performed to investigate the differences in match outcome, as well as differences in external load measures during the course of a match.

Recent trends in child and youth emergency department visits because of pedestrian motor vehicle collisions by socioeconomic status in Ontario, Canada.

Background: Children in lower-income households have higher injury rates. Trends in emergency department (ED) visits by children 0-19 years because of pedestrian motor vehicle collisions (PMVCs) in Ontario, Canada (2008-2015) by socioeconomic status were examined.

Methods: PMVC ED data were obtained from the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences for children age 0-19 years over the period 2008-2015.

Spatial distribution of roadway environment features related to child pedestrian safety by census tract income in Toronto, Canada.

Background: Investments in traffic calming infrastructure and other street design features can enhance pedestrian safety as well as contribute to the 'walkability' of neighbourhoods. Pedestrian-motor vehicle collisions (PMVCs) in urban areas, however, remain common and occur more frequently in lower income neighbourhoods. While risk and protective features of roadways related to PMVC have been identified, little research exists examining the distribution of roadway environment features.

On-Ice Physical Demands of World-Class Women's Ice Hockey: From Training to Competition.

Purpose: To compare on-ice external and internal training loads in world-class women's ice hockey during training and competition.

Methods: On-ice training loads were collected during 1 season from 25 world-class ice hockey players via wearable technology. A total of 105 on-ice sessions were recorded, which consisted of 61 training sessions and 44 matches.

Childhood road traffic injuries in Canada - a provincial comparison of transport injury rates over time.

Background: In Canada, road traffic injuries are the leading cause of death among children and youth ≤19. Across the country, there is variability in road traffic injury prevention policies and legislation. Our objective was to compare pediatric road traffic related injury hospitalization and death rates across Canadian provinces.

Trends in concussions at Ontario schools prior to and subsequent to the introduction of a concussion policy - an analysis of the Canadian hospitals injury reporting and prevention program from 2009 to 2016.

Background: Concussion is a preventable injury that can have long-term health consequences for children and youth. In Ontario, the Policy/Program Memorandum # 158 (PPM) was introduced by the Ministry of Education of Ontario in March 2014. The PPM's main purpose is to require each school board in the province to create and implement a concussion policy.

An interprovincial comparison of unintentional childhood injury rates in Canada for the period 2006-2012.

Objectives: To perform an interprovincial comparison of unintentional population-based injury hospitalization and death rates for Canadian children ages 0-19 years and compare trends between 2006 and 2012.

Methods: Annual population-based hospitalization rates per 100,000 from unintentional injuries were calculated for children/youth (< 19 years) using data from the Discharge Abstract Database between 2006 and 2012. Annual mortality rates were analyzed using provincial coronial data.

Comparison of baseline and postconcussion SCAT3 scores and symptoms in varsity athletes: an investigation into differences by sex and history of concussion.

Objective: To investigate the use of the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 3 (SCAT3) as an assessment tool in the varsity population, as well as the effects of sex and concussion history on both baseline and postconcussion scores.

Methods: A comparison between baseline and postconcussion SCAT3 scores of varsity level athletes was conducted through retrospective chart review. Differences in both baseline and postconcussion scores were further analysed by sex and history of concussion.

Canadian Child Safety Report Card: a comparison of injury prevention practices across provinces.

Background: Injury prevention report cards that raise awareness about the preventability of childhood injuries have been published by the European Child Safety Alliance and the WHO. These report cards highlight the variance in injury prevention practices around the world. Policymakers and stakeholders have identified research evidence as an important enabler to the enactment of injury legislation.