Epileptic spasms in clusters and associated syndromes other than West syndrome: A study of 48 patients.

Objective: To study the different epilepsy syndromes that included epileptic spasms (ES) in clusters without hypsarrhythmia (WoH).

Methods: Between 2/1990 and 7/2013, we registered 48 patients with the electroclinical diagnostic criteria of ES in clusters WoH.

Results: We recognized two subgroups.

Epileptic spasms in clusters with focal EEG paroxysms: A study of 12 patients.

Objective: We analyzed the electroclinical features, etiology, treatment, and outcome of 12 patients with West syndrome (WS) associated with focal hypsarrhythmia (FH).

Methods: Between February 2005 and July 2013, 12 patients met the electroclinical diagnostic criteria of WS associated with FH. Hypsarrhythmia was considered to be focal when two or three brain lobes were involved.