Investigating Oil Entrance from Hendijan Oil Field in the Northwest of the Persian Gulf Using Chemical Fingerprinting.

Concerning the entrance of oil into the Persian Gulf due to the presence of oil fields in this ecosystem, a wide investigation was carried out in 2017 to evaluate the hydrocarbons source identification and chemical fingerprinting. To this end, surface sediments were collected from the Persian Gulf. In the laboratory, compounds (n-alkanes, PAHs, hopane and sterane) were then extracted with a Soxhlet system and two steps of chromatographic columns and analyzed using a GC-MS instrument.

Long-term exposure to climbazole may affect the health of stress-tolerant coral Galaxea fascicularis.

The persistence of coral reefs globally is threatened by various forms of chemical pollution. Climbazole, an azole antibacterial agent extensively utilized in pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in everyday life, has been detected in various environment media and proved to have significant adverse effects on aquatic organism. However, the effects of climbazole on coral remain largely unknown.

Assessment of parent and alkyl -PAHs in surface sediments of Iranian mangroves on the northern coast of the Persian Gulf: Spatial accumulation distribution, influence factors, and ecotoxicological risks.

Spatial patterns, potential origins, and ecotoxicological risk of alkylated (APAH) -and parent -(PPAH) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were studied in mangrove surface sediments along the northern coasts of the Persian Gulf, Iran. The mean total concentrations (nggdw) ∑PAH, ∑PPAHs and ∑APAHs in sediments were 3482 (1689-61228), 2642 (1109-4849), and 840 (478-1273), respectively. The spatial variability was similar among these PAH groups, with the highest levels occurring in Nayband National Marine Park (NNMP).

Metals bioaccumulation, possible sources and consumption risk assessment in five Sillaginid species, a case study: Bandar Abbas (Persian Gulf) and Chabahar Bay (Oman Sea), Iran.

In this study, the concentrations of 10 metals (As, Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn) in different tissues (gill, muscle and otolith) of five sillaginid species (Sillago arabica, S. attenuata and S. sihama from the Persian Gulf and S.

Assessments of the Ecological and Health Risks of Potentially Toxic Metals in the Topsoils of Different Land Uses: A Case Study in Peninsular Malaysia.

Human activities due to different land uses are being studied widely in many countries. This study aimed to determine the ecological risks and human health risk assessments (HHRA) of Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu, and Zn in the topsoils of six land uses in Peninsular Malaysia. The ranges of the potentially toxic metals (PTMs) in the soils (mg/kg, dry weight) of this study were 0.

Seasonal occurrence, source apportionment, and cancer risk assessment of PAHs in the second largest international holy metropolitan: Mashhad, Iran.

Street dust resuspension is one of the main sources of particulate matter with impacts on air quality, health, and climate. This research was aimed to determine the concentration, source, and health risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in street dust of Mashhad city. To this end, USEPA-regulated 16 PAHs were measured in 84 dust samples using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

Using a hybrid approach to apportion potential source locations contributing to excess cancer risk of PM-bound PAHs during heating and non-heating periods in a megacity in the Middle East.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) represent one of the major toxic pollutants associated with PM with significant human health and climate effects. Because of local and long-range transport of atmospheric PAHs to receptor sites, higher global attentions have been focused to improve PAHs pollution emission management. In this study, PM samples were collected at three urban sites located in the capital of Iran, Tehran, during the heating and non-heating periods (H-period and NH-period).

Invasive Weed as a Potential Biomonitor and a Phytoremediator of Potentially Toxic Metals: A Case Study in Peninsular Malaysia.

The invasive weed was investigated for its potential as a biomonitor and as a phytoremediator of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in Peninsular Malaysia owing to its ecological resistance towards unfavourable environments. The biomonitoring potential of PTMs was determined based on the correlation analysis of the metals in the different parts of the plant (leaves, stems, and roots) and its habitat topsoils. In the roots, the concentrations (mg/kg dry weight) of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn ranged from 0.

Ecotoxico Linking of Phthalates and Flame-Retardant Combustion Byproducts with Coral Solar Bleaching.

Persian Gulf coral reefs are unique biota communities in the global sunbelts in being able to survive in multiple stressful fields during summertime (>36 °C). Despite the high-growth emerging health-hazard microplastic additive type of contaminants, its biological interactions with coral-algal symbiosis and/or its synergistic effects linked to solar-bleaching events remain unknown. This study investigated the bioaccumulation patterns of polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) and phthalate ester (PAE) pollutants in six genera of living/bleached corals in Larak Island, Persian Gulf, and their ambient abiotic matrixes.

Bioaccumulation of zinc in edible tropical vegetables in Peninsular Malaysia and its human health risk assessment based on various ethnicities in Malaysia.

Along with the growing utilization of zinc (Zn) and Zn-containing nanoparticles in various industries, Zn ecotoxicological evaluation on human food supply is necessary even though Zn is generally considered safe and rarely concentrated ecotoxicologically. This study aimed to investigate the bioaccumulation of Zn in 18 species of vegetables (seven leafy, nine fruity vegetables and one species each of tuber and legume) collected from two farming sites in the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. A human health risk assessment (HHRA) was also conducted.

A potential threat to the coral reef environments: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and phthalate esters in the corals and their ambient environment (Persian Gulf, Iran).

Pollution of the surrounding habitat poses one of the biggest threats to the coral health and even survival. This study focuses on the occurrence, distribution, bioaccumulation and bioconcentration of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and phthalate esters (PAEs) in corals, their zooxanthellae and mucus, as well as in their ambient environment in Larak coral reef (Persian Gulf) for the first time. The highest concentrations of the pollutants were recorded in mucus, followed by zooxanthellae, tissue and skeleton.

Chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs and MCCPs) in corals and water-SPM-sediment system in the Persian Gulf, Iran: A potential global threat for coral reefs.

Swift degradation of the coral reef ecosystems urges the need to identify the reef decline drivers. Due to their widespread use, bioaccumulative and toxic characteristics, chlorinated organic compounds, such as chlorinated paraffins (CPs), are regarded as specific pollutants of concern. Yet little is known about the occurrence of CPs in the coral reef ecosystems.

Modeling Sediment Ni and V Spatial Distribution to Identify Hotspots in the Shadegan Wildlife Refuge, at the Head of the Persian Gulf.

The distribution and origins of Ni and V were assigned in the surficial sediments from 160 stations in Shadegan international wetlands with 537,700 ha. The findings showed that the mean total content of Ni and V in the surface sediments were 45.08 ± 12.

Human Health Risk Assessments of Trace Metals on the Clam in a Tropical River in Peninsular Malaysia.

This study aimed to analyse ten trace metal concentrations in the edible part of the freshwater clam and to provide a critical assessment of the potential risks to human health through consumption of this clam as food based on well-established indices and food safety guidelines. The clams were captured from a pristine original site and transplanted to other sites with different environmental qualities. The trace metal levels in the edible total soft tissue (TST) of the clam were below those of the food safety guidelines referred to except for Pb, which exceeded the permissible limit set by the European Commission (2006) and the US Food and Drug Administration/ Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition); Interstate Shellfish Sanitation Conference.

A one-year monitoring of spatiotemporal variations of PM-bound PAHs in Tehran, Iran: Source apportionment, local and regional sources origins and source-specific cancer risk assessment.

PM-bound PAHs were analyzed in a total of 135 daily samples collected during four seasons from 2018 to 2019, at three urban sites in Tehran, Iran. This study aims to investigate spatio-temporal variations, source apportionment, potential local and regional sources contributions and lung cancer risks associated with the 16 US EPA priority PAHs. PM concentrations ranged from 43.

Emerging POPs-type cocktail signatures in Pusa caspica in quantitative structure-activity relationship of Caspian Sea.

The Caspian seal Pusa caspica is the only endemic mammalian species throughout the Caspian Sea. This is the first report on risk assessment of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Caspian seals by age-sex and tissue-specific uptake, and their surrounding environment (seawater, surface sediments, and suspended particulate matters, SPMs) in the Gorgan Bay (Caspian Sea, Iran). Among the quantified 70 POPs (∑PCBs, ∑HCHs, ∑CHLs, ∑DDTs, ∑PCDD/Fs, HCB, dieldrin, and aldrin), ∑PCBs were dominant in abiotic matrices (48.

Potential use of grapevine cv Askari for heavy metal phytoremediation purposes at greenhouse scale.

Grapevine varieties possess desirable characteristics for phytoremediation purposes. We investigated the potential of grapevine cv Askari in phytoremediation of heavy metal (HM) pollutions. In total 80 grapevine seedlings were exposed to four levels of HM stress (mild, low, moderate, and severe) in greenhouse condition during two growing years (2018 and 2019).

Positive matrix factorization receptor model and dynamics in fingerprinting of potentially toxic metals in coastal ecosystem sediments at a large scale (Persian Gulf, Iran).

Effective pollution control and remediation strategies are the key to providing a major progress in conservation of coastal and marine biodiversity. For the development of such strategies, quantitative assessment of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) and the accurate identification of the pollutant sources are essential. In this study, we seek to find out spatial PTMs distribution in the coastal sediments of the Persian Gulf (Iran), to assess the potential eco-environmental risks and to identify the metal pollution sources.

Large-scale evaluation of deposition, bioavailability and ecological risks of the potentially toxic metals in the sediment cores of the hotspot coral reef ecosystems (Persian Gulf, Iran).

Coral reefs of the Persian Gulf are vulnerable to the potentially toxic metals (PTMs) accumulated in the ambient sediments. Nonetheless, few studies have investigated the PTMs pollution and risk in the hotspot coral ecosystems of the Persian Gulf at a large-scale. Hereupon, this study focused on the PTMs contamination, their potential ecological risks, historical depositions, geochemical controls and the plausible pollution sources in the core sediments (0-40 cm) collected from the ten coral ecosystems of the Persian Gulf, Iran.

Biomonitoring of perylene in symbiotic reef and non-reef building corals and species-specific responses in the Kharg and Larak coral reefs (Persian Gulf, Iran): Bioaccumulation and source identification.

In this study, coral soft tissue, skeleton and zooxanthellae, as well as their ambient sediment and seawater were analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with a special focus on perylene. Samples were collected from two different environments: the Kharg Island, which is affected by numerous anthropogenic stressors and Larak Island, which is mainly used for recreational and fishing activities and is characterized by dense vegetation. The heaviest loadings of PAHs were observed on Kharg Island, yet higher concentrations of perylene were detected on Larak Island and it was identified as the prevailing compound in this area.

Dietary intake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from coral reef fish in the Persian Gulf - Human health risk assessment.

The present study investigated accumulation of petrogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (∑PAHs) in the livers and muscles of three coral-reef fish (50 specimens) from the Persian Gulf, Kharg Island (Iran), specifically Lethrinus microdon (n = 18), Lutjanus argentimaculatus (n = 17), and Scomberomorus guttatus (n = 15). For all fish, PAHs originated mostly from petroleum and combustion sources. Concentrations of ∑PAHs were 1004 ngg freeze-dried weight (fdw) and 1390 ngg fdw for liver and muscle, respectively.

Steroid Fingerprint Analysis of Endangered Caspian Seal () through the Gorgan Bay (Caspian Sea).

The profile of steroid congeners was evaluated in Caspian seals by age, sex, and tissue-specific bioaccumulation, and compared with that of abiotic matrices (seawater, surface sediment, and suspended particulate materials, SPMs) from Miankaleh Wildlife/Gorgan Bay, (Caspian Sea, Iran). To identify the level of human fecal contamination, ∑25 sterol congeners were measured in all abiotic/biotic samples, revealing coprostanol, a proxy for human feces, as the most abundant sterol (seawater: 45.1-20.

First report on polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the Iranian Coral Islands: Concentrations, profiles, source apportionment, and ecological risk assessment.

Coral reefs are challenged by multiple stressors due to the growing industrialization. Despite that, data on their environment are still scarce, and no research is yet performed on polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the Persian Gulf area. Seeking to fill in this gap, the present study aims to determine spatio-vertical distributions, source apportionment and ecological risk of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the sediment cores and seawater samples from ten coral reef Islands in the Persian Gulf, Iran.

Historical sedimentary deposition and ecotoxicological impact of aromatic biomarkers in sediment cores from ten coral reefs of the Persian Gulf, Iran.

The present study determines the levels, vertical distributions, source apportionment and ecological risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in ten sediment cores of coral reef in the Persian Gulf, Iran, one of the important oil polluted marine areas in the world. The main purpose of this study was to determine the spatio-vertical distribution pattern of PAHs pollution at the four hot spot zones on the Gulf: dense industrial, medium industrial, urbanized and non-impacted zones over the past few years. Sediment quality and ecological risk were also assessed in order to determine the pollutants of concern.