Dexmedetomidine or Fentanyl, Which One Is Better as an Adjunct Drug in Epidural Anesthesia and Causes More Postoperative Pain Reduction? A Comparative Study, a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objectives: This study compared dexmedetomidine to fentanyl as an adjunct to ropivacaine for epidural anesthesia in patients undergoing femoral neck fracture surgery.

Methods: A total of 56 patients in two different groups with dexmedetomidine and fentanyl underwent the epidural anesthesia method by ropivacaine. This study compared the onset and duration of sensory block, duration of motor block, visual analog scale (VAS) analgesia, and sedation score.

Effect of Nebulized Heparin on Weaning off Intubated Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Admitted to Intensive Care Unit (ICU): A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) treatment is based on supportive care such as mechanical ventilation, prophylaxis of stress ulcer, prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), nutritional support, and treatment of underlying disease.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the effects of nebulized heparin on weaning off intubated ARDS patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: In this double-blind clinical trial study, 60 patients with ARDS receiving routine care according to the ARDS protocol were randomly assigned into two groups: intervention group (receiving nebulized heparin 5000 u/BD for one week) and control group (receiving nebulized sterile water 2 cc/BD for one week).

Effect of N-Acetylcysteine on the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome in mechanically ventilated patients admitted to the intensive care unit.

N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is an antioxidant derived from the amino acid cysteine and is one of the drugs used in the treatment of respiratory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of NAC on the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome in mechanically ventilated patients admitted to the intensive care unit. This study was a randomized clinical trial.

Comparison of Sedation with Dexmedetomidine Alfentanil Versus Ketamine-Alfentanil in Patients Undergoing Closed Reduction of Nasal Fractures.

Objectives: To compare the sedative effects of dexmedetomidine alfentanil versus ketamine-alfentanil in patients undergoing closed reduction of nasal fractures on the basis of intraoperative hemodynamic changes, satisfaction of patients and surgeons, and the adverse effects.

Methods: Sixty patients with ASA class 1 or 2 were randomized to either of two groups, a dexmedetomidine alfentanil group (DA group; n = 30) or a ketamine-alfentanil group (KA group; n = 30). Hemodynamic parameters, oxygenation status, adverse events, the satisfaction of patients and surgeons, and postoperative pain scores by visual analog scale (VAS) were recorded at specific time intervals during the trial.

Comparing the Effect of Bupivacaine and Ropivacaine in Cesarean Delivery with Spinal Anesthesia.

Background: Spinal anesthesia is the most common technique used for cesarean delivery due to some advantages compared to regional anesthesia. It is easily performed and provides a rapid onset of block. Though bupivacaine is a generally used long-acting amide type local anesthetic drug for spinal anesthesia, ropivacaine may sometimes be selected.

Comparison of the Ketamine-Lidocaine and Fentanyl-Lidocaine in Postoperative Analgesia in Axillary Block in Upper Limb Fractures By Ultrasound Guidance.

Background: Regional anesthesia provides safe anesthesia for upper extremity surgery. Axillary plexus block approach for hand and forearm surgery is commonly used. The use of adjuvants in combination with local anesthetics for peripheral nerve blocks enhances the quality and duration of anesthesia and postoperative analgesia.

Comparison of Dexmedetomidine and Morphine as Adjuvants to Bupivacaine for Epidural Anesthesia in Leg Fracture Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Epidural block approach and drugs are common options for improving the sensory and motor block duration and postoperative pain management.

Objectives: The study aimed to compare the analgesic effects of dexmedetomidine and morphine as adjuvants to bupivacaine for epidural anesthesia in leg fracture surgery.

Methods: This prospective clinical trial was conducted on patients (n = 80, age range: 18 - 60 years) categorized as ASA class I or II.

The Effect of Adding Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Lidocaine in Forearm Fracture Surgeries by Supraclavicular Block Procedure Under Ultrasound-Guided.

Background: To improve the brachial plexus block (BPB) performance, different compounds have been used as adjuvants to local analgesics.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of adding DEX to lidocaine on effectiveness of nerve block, and postoperative pain in forearm fracture surgery by supraclavicular BPB undergoing ultrasound-guided.

Methods: This was a double-blinded randomized clinical trial conducted on 72 patients with ASA classes I and II, which were candidates for forearm fracture surgery.

The Effects of Pre-Spinal Anesthesia Administration of Crystalloid and Colloid Solutions on Hypotension in Elective Cesarean Section.

Background: Spinal anesthesia is an appropriate alternative for general anesthesia in many operations, particularly in cesarean section. However, the induced hypotension is the main drawback of this method. Therefore, the current study aimed at comparing the effects of crystalloid and colloid solutions used as the preload on the post-spinal hypotension and its complications in females who are candidate for elective cesarean section.

Analgesic effect of low dose subcutaneous ketamine administration before and after cesarean section.

Background: Pain is considered as an importantissue after cesarean section. Multimodal approach to post cesarean pain management may not only enhance analgesia but also reduce side effects after the surgery.

Objectives: This study was aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of subcutaneous injection of low dose ketamine at the incision site to reduce cesarean section pain.

The Effect of Inhalation of Aromatherapy Blend containing Lavender Essential Oil on Cesarean Postoperative Pain.

Background: Pain is a major problem in patients after cesarean and medication such as aromatherapy which is a complementary therapy, in which the essences of the plants oils are used to reduce such undesirable conditions.

Objectives: In this study, the effect of aromatherapy using Lavender (Lavandula) essential oil on cesarean postoperative pain was assessed.

Materials And Methods: In a triple blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial study, 60 pregnant women who were admitted to a general hospital for cesarean section, were divided randomly into two groups.

Evaluation of oral zinc sulfate effect on obsessive-compulsive disorder: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Objective: Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a common neuropsychiatric condition. Although various pharmaceutical agents are available for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder, psychiatrists often find that many patients cannot tolerate the side effects of these medications, the patients do not respond properly to the treatment, or the medications lose their effectiveness after a period of treatment. The augmentation with safe supplementation of medication, such as with trace elements, may be a solution to some of these problems.