The burden of neck pain among adults aged 70 years and older in Iran, 1990-2019.

Background: Neck pain is a complex musculoskeletal disorder that can result in substantial morbidity. The present article presents the neck pain burden in Iranians who were at least 70 years old, from 1990 to 2019, by sex, age group, and province.

Methods: Publicly available information on the prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLD) caused by neck pain was extracted from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019.

The nurses' perception of the factors influencing professional misconduct: A qualitative study.

Background: Professional misconduct undermines safe and quality care; however, little is known about its nature and influential factors.

Aim: This study aimed to explain the factors influencing professional misconduct in nurses.

Research Design: This qualitative study was conducted using the conventional content analysis method.

The impact of conventional smoking versus electronic cigarette on the expression of , , and in rat prostate.

Background: The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), the alternative to conventional smoking, is increasing considerably worldwide; however, their safety is a matter of debate. Several studies have demonstrated their toxic effects, but no study assessed their effects on the prostate.

Objective: The current study aimed at evaluating e-cigarettes and conventional smoking prostate toxicity and effects on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), phosphatase and tensin (PTEN), and prostate transmembrane protein androgen induced 1 (PMEPA1).

Physical Inactivity, Inequalities, and Disparities Across Districts of Iran: A STEPs Survey-Based Analysis.

Background: We aimed to estimate the prevalence of physical inactivity in all districts of Iran and the disparities between subgroups defined by various measures.

Methods: Small area estimation method was employed to estimate the prevalence of physical inactivity in districts based on the remaining districts in which data on the level of physical inactivity were available. Various comparisons on the estimations were done based on socioeconomic, sex, and geographical stratifications to determine the disparities of physical inactivity among districts of Iran.

Global and regional quality of care index for prostate cancer: an analysis from the Global Burden of Disease study 1990-2019.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide, with a significant burden on societies and healthcare providers. We aimed to develop a metric for PCa quality of care that could demonstrate the disease's status in different countries and regions (e.g.

The levels of BMI and patterns of obesity and overweight during the COVID-19 pandemic: Experience from the Iran STEPs 2021 survey.

Background: Obesity and its increasing burden have become an urgent health problem all over the world. Benefiting from a national representative sample, the present study aimed to estimate the distribution of body mass index (BMI) levels and its association with metabolic and lifestyle risk factors in an Iranian adult population by sex, age, and geographical distribution.

Methods: This study involves a national survey of noncommunicable disease risk factor surveillance (STEPs) in Iran.

The Gene Manipulation and Cellular Immunotherapy Combination in the Treatment of Cancer.

Context: The immune system is directly linked to the tumors, from tumor formation to the tumor's development and metastasis. So, the interest of scientists over the protective immunological mechanisms has increased and shown gifted strategy in cancer treatment.

Evidence Acquisition: Genetic engineering and cellular immunotherapy are two different advanced molecular mechanisms to modify the immune responses and genome.

Twenty-Six-Year Trend of Mortality Rate Due to Ischemic Heart Diseases (IHDs) in Iran: 1990-2015.

Background: Ischemic Heart Diseases (IHDs) are the main causes of deaths all over the world. Since there is no comprehensive study on IHDs mortality rate in Iran, the present study aimed to estimate age-standardized IHDs mortality rate by sex, age, geography, and time trends at both national and sub-national levels in Iran.

Methods: We used the Death Registration System (DRS) data from 1990 to 2015 collected by the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education across the country, Tehran, and Isfahan main cemetery, not included in the DRS.

Genetic Polymorphisms and Kidney Stones Around the Globe: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This study explores associations between recurrent kidney stones and genetic polymorphisms. Meta-analysis of polymorphisms in renal stone cases versus control groups. Four electronic databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Web of Science) were searched up to 30 May 2021, using the keywords: "kidney stone" or "kidney calculi," or "urolithiasis" or "nephrolithiasis" or "urinary calculi" and "genome" or "genetic" or "mutation" or "single nucleotide polymorphism.

Estimates of incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years of lung cancer in Iran, 1990-2019: A systematic analysis from the global burden of disease study 2019.

Background: Lung cancer is one of the leading cancers, with a high burden worldwide. As a developing country, Iran is facing with population growth, widespread tobacco use, demographic and epidemiologic changes, and environmental exposures, which lead to cancers becoming a severe concern of public health in Iran. We aimed to examine the burden of lung cancer and its risk factors in Iran.

The correlation between promoter hypermethylation of VDR, CLDN, and CasR genes and recurrent stone formation.

Objectives: Recurrent Kidney stone formation is a main medical problem imposing a significant burden on both healthcare and the economy worldwide. Environmental and genetic factors have been linked to a bigger risk of kidney stone formation. We aim to assess the role of methylation on recurrent stone formation in three target genes.

The global, regional, and national burden and quality of care index (QCI) of colorectal cancer; a global burden of disease systematic analysis 1990-2019.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the five most incident and lethal cancers in world and its burden varies between countries and sexes. We aimed to present a comprehensive measure called the quality of care index (QCI) to evaluate the inequity and healthcare quality of care regarding CRC by sex and location.

Methods: Data on the burden of CRC were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019.

Sodium selenite and Se-enriched yeast supplementation in atherosclerotic patients: Effects on the expression of pyroptosis-related genes and oxidative stress status.

Background And Aims: Atherosclerosis as a chronic inflammatory disorder of the arterial wall is the main leading cause of the cardiovascular disease (CVD). Caspase-dependent pyroptosis plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of CVD. Selenium (Se) is an important component of the antioxidant defense and plays a crucial role in cardiovascular health.

Virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance pattern in Proteus mirabilis strains isolated from patients attended with urinary infections to Tertiary Hospitals, in Iran.

Background: Proteus mirabilis is a frequent reason for catheter-associated urinary tract infections (UTIs). The aim of this study was to identify virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance patterns in P. mirabilis strains isolated from patients who attended a tertiary hospital in Iran.

Effects of sodium selenite and selenium-enriched yeast on cardiometabolic indices of patients with atherosclerosis: A double-blind randomized clinical trial study.

Atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the major causes of mortality worldwide. The available reports regarding the effects of selenium (Se) supplementation in the realm of atherosclerosis have been equivocal. The present investigation is aimed to assess the effects of sodium selenite and Se-enriched yeast supplementation on metabolic parameters among atherosclerotic patients.

Viral Coinfection among COVID-19 Patient Groups: An Update Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Coinfections have a potential role in increased morbidity and mortality rates during pandemics. Our investigation is aimed at evaluating the viral coinfection prevalence in COVID-19 patients.

Methods: We systematically searched scientific databases, including Medline, Scopus, WOS, and Embase, from December 1, 2019, to December 30, 2020.

Study of clinical features of patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in an educational hospital in Iran.

Background: The outbreak of new pathogens or the resurgence of pathogens that have already spread is a serious challenge to public health. Coronavirus is a pathogen that seems to invade the human respiratory system in the first place. Coronaviruses form a large family and are so called because of the presence of crown like cristae on their surface.

A novel inflammatory signaling pathway in patients with slow coronary flow: NF-κB/IL-1β/nitric oxide.

Purpose: The slow coronary flow (SCF) was identified as delayed opacification of epicardial coronary arteries in the absence of stenotic lesion. Metabolic syndrome (MetS), oxidative stress, and inflammation may be possible known insulting factors for the pathogenesis of SCF. This investigation aimed to assess the relationship between some inflammatory markers, oxidative stress parameters and MetS components with SCF phenomenon.

A meta-analysis of accuracy and sensitivity of chest CT and RT-PCR in COVID-19 diagnosis.

Nowadays there is an ongoing acute respiratory outbreak caused by the novel highly contagious coronavirus (COVID-19). The diagnostic protocol is based on quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and chests CT scan, with uncertain accuracy. This meta-analysis study determines the diagnostic value of an initial chest CT scan in patients with COVID-19 infection in comparison with RT-PCR.

Comparison of vortioxetine and sertraline for treatment of major depressive disorder in elderly patients: A double-blind randomized trial.

What Is Known And Objective: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a complex disease and one of the leading contributors to disease burden throughout the world. In the current study, we explored the efficacy and tolerability of vortioxetine versus sertraline on symptoms of depression in elderly patients with MDD.

Methods: Sixty patients diagnosed with MDD (based on DSM-5) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) score ≥ 19 were entered into a randomized double-blind study and were randomized to receive either vortioxetine (15 mg daily) or sertraline (75 mg daily) for six weeks.

Developing the perceived social support scale for older adults: A mixed-method study.

Social support has an important impact on the well-being of the elderly. Some studies have shown that perceived social support is more important than received social support. Perceived social support has different definitions across different age groups and cultures.

National and Sub-National Pediatric Cancer Mortality in Iran, 2000-2015.

Background: Cancer, a common disease in adulthood, is a rare albeit slowly increasing condition among children. Currently, limited data are available on the incidence, prevalence, and mortality of these diseases in many regions, including developing countries. Herein, we are reporting national and sub-national estimates on deaths due to childhood cancers between 2000 and 2015 in Iran.

National and sub-national patterns of mortality from stroke in the Iranian population (1990-2015): Complementary results from the NASBOD study.

Background: Iran lacks a population level comprehensive assessment of stroke epidemiology. Using data from the NASBOD Study, we estimated the mortality of stroke among the Iranian population from 1990 to 2015.

Methods: Data were collected from all the available sources including the national death registration system and two major cemeteries.