Persian Version of the Modified Constant Score in Overhead Athletes: A Reliability and Validation Study.

Context: Shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS) is the most common shoulder injury among overhead athletes. The Constant score (CS) is a combined scoring system to evaluate functional status of the shoulder in patients with shoulder pain.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

The Correlation between Intersegmental Coordination Variability and Frontal Plane Hip Kinematics during Running in Persons with Patellofemoral Pain.

Background: Despite the existing evidence indicating altered hip kinematics as well as the studies showing altered movement coordination variability in persons with patellofemoral pain (PFP), there is no study investigating the correlation between hip joint kinematic and movement coordination variability in persons with patellofemoral pain (PFP).

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the correlation between peak hip adduction and variability of thigh frontal-shank transverse coordination during running in persons with PFP.

Material And Methods: In this cross-sectional correlational study, kinematic data were collected from 34 females (17 with and 17 without PFP) aged 18-35 years during treadmill running at preferred and fixed speeds, each for 30 s.

The sono-elastography evaluation of the immediate effects of neurodynamic mobilization technique on median nerve stiffness in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome.

Objectives: The stiffness of median nerve increases in carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) even at mild stage of syndrome which could be regarded as a diagnostic criterion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immediate effects of neurodynamic technique on median nerve stiffness and cross-sectional area (CSA) at wrist and elbow in individuals with CTS.

Material And Methods: It was a quasi-experimental study.

The Use of Cluster Analysis by Partitioning around Medoids (PAM) to Examine the Heterogeneity of Patients with Low Back Pain within Subgroups of the Treatment Based Classification System.

Background: Current evidence in low back pain (LBP) focuses on population averages and traditional multivariate analyses to find the significant difference between variables. Such a focus actively obscured the heterogeneity and increased errors. Cluster analysis (CA) addresses the mentioned shortcomings by calculating the degree of similarity among the relevant variables of the different objects.

Amplitude of Electromyographic Activity of Trunk and Lower Extremity Muscles during Oscillatory Forces of Flexi-Bar on Stable and Unstable Surfaces in People with Nonspecific Low Back Pain.

Background: Recently, the oscillatory bar has been proposed as a new and effective rehabilitation tool in people with nonspecific low back pain (NSLBP), although its effects on muscular control in this population have not been well documented, especially in lower extremity muscles and different support surface conditions.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of flexi-bar use on stable and unstable surfaces on electromyographic activity of trunk and lower extremity muscles in healthy persons and those with NSLBP.

Material And Methods: 18 healthy men and 18 men with NSLBP participated in this cross-sectional study.

Knee impairments: Comparison between new clinical classification by cluster analysis and movement system impairment model.

Background: Although Movement System Impairment (MSI) model classifies patients with knee impairments, it has some limitations. This study compares MSI model with a new Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) model in knee pain patients.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, knee movement impairments (signs) and symptoms.

Comparison of flexion relaxation phenomenon between female yogis and matched non-athlete group.

Background: Trunk flexion is a common exercise during daily activities. Flexion relaxation phenomenon (FRP) occurs during forward bending in which there is a sudden silence of erector spinae (ES) muscles. The pattern of forward bending differs in yoga practitioners.

Electromyographic comparison of vastus medialis obliquus facilitatory versus vastus lateralis inhibitory kinesio taping in athletes with patellofemoral pain: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is among the most common orthopedic complications afflicting active young people. Diminished coordination of the vastii, delayed activation of the vastus medialis obliquus (VMO), and decreased VMO-to-vastus lateralis (VL) activity ratio are well documented as underlying causes of PFP. This study compares the effects of VMO facilitatory kinesio tape (KT) versus VL inhibitory KT on electromyographic (EMG) activity of the vastii, balance, and pain in athletes with PFP.

Comparing the Effects of Single-Task versus Dual-Task Balance Training on Gait Smoothness and Functional Balance in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

To compare the effects of single- versus dual-task balance training on the gait smoothness and balance of community-dwelling older adults, 69 volunteers were randomized to single-, dual-task training, and control (no intervention) groups. Exercises were received in 18 sessions through 6 weeks. The gait smoothness was measured by the harmonic ratio of trunk accelerations using a triaxial accelerometer.

Dry needling trigger points around knee and hip joints improves function in patients with mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis.

Introduction: Dry needling may be an effective method to alleviate pain and improve range of motion. Controversial results have been found in previous studies using dry needling in knee problems. So, the aim of current study is to exert dry needling technique on unilateral muscles around the hip and knee joints and evaluate its effects on knee osteoarthritic patients.

Trunk, pelvis, and knee kinematics during running in females with and without patellofemoral pain.

Background: Females are two times more likely to develop patellofemoral pain (PFP) than males. Abnormal trunk and pelvis kinematics are thought to contribute to the pathomechanics of this condition. However, there is a scarcity of evidence investigating proximal segments kinematics in females with PFP.

Comparison of postural control in older adults under different dual-task conditions: A cross-sectional study.

Background: and purpose: Performing a cognitive task while maintaining postural stability, known as "dual-task" condition, can increase the cognitive demand and reduce the postural control capacity. The inability to allocate attention to postural control under dual-task conditions may lead to balance impairments, particularly in older adults. The present study aimed to compare the effects of different dual-task conditions of backward counting (BC) and visual attention (VA) on older adults' postural balance performance.

A New Clustering Method for Knee Movement Impairments using Partitioning Around Medoids Model.

Background: The movement system impairment (MSI) model is a clinical model that can be used for the classification, diagnosis, and treatment of knee impairments. By using the partitioning around medoids (PAM) clustering method, patients can be easily clustered in homogeneous groups through the determination of the most discriminative variables. The present study aimed to reduce the number of clinical examination variables, determine the important variables, and simplify the MSI model using the PAM clustering method.

Comparison of Trunk Flexion Proprioception Between Healthy Athletes and Athletes With Patellofemoral Pain.

Objective: Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is the most commonly reported musculoskeletal overuse injury in active individuals, such as athletes, and is a multifactorial problem with no definite cause identified to date. Some studies have shown a relationship between impaired core and trunk sensorimotor control and knee disorders, especially PFP. The aim of this study was to evaluate trunk flexion proprioception by comparing the repositioning error between healthy athletes and athletes with PFP.

Effects of kinesio tape on kinesiophobia, balance and functional performance of athletes with post anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a pilot clinical trial.

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament trauma is one of the most common knee injuries in professional athletes. This study aimed to investigate the effects of kinesio taping on kinesiophobia, balance, and functional performance in athletes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Methods: This randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was performed on 20 athletes with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (mean age 32.

The immediate effect of lumbopelvic manipulation on knee pain, knee position sense, and balance in patients with patellofemoral pain: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is a common musculoskeletal disorder. Quadriceps and core muscle neuromuscular control impairments are frequently associated with PFP. Lumbopelvic manipulation (LPM) has been shown to improve quadriceps and core muscle activation and decrease their inhibition, but changes in balance and knee joint position sense (JPS) after this intervention remain unknown.

Added Value of Gluteus Medius and Quadratus Lumborum Dry Needling in Improving Knee Pain and Function in Female Athletes With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: To compare the effects of exercise therapy alone and exercise therapy plus gluteus medius (GM) and quadratus lumbarum (QL) dry needling on pain and function in female athletes with patellofemoral pain (PFP).

Design: Single-blind randomized controlled trial with follow-up.

Setting: Physiotherapy clinic.

Changes in Knee Vastii Muscle Activity in Women with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome During the Menstrual Cycle.

Background: Changes in hormonal levels during the menstrual cycle are known to affect muscle electromyographic (EMG) activity, but no studies have investigated the effect of hormonal changes on the EMG activity of muscles around the knee in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS).

Objective: To evaluate the EMG activity of the vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles during toe rise and heel rock tasks in different phases of the menstrual cycle in women with PFPS.

Design: Cross sectional study.

Effects of Core Neuromuscular Training on Pain, Balance, and Functional Performance in Women With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Clinical Trial.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of core neuromuscular training on pain, balance, and performance in women with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS).

Methods: This randomized single-blind trial was based on a convenience sample of 28 women with unilateral PFPS. All participants were assigned randomly to the intervention or control group with a block randomization method.

Whole body vibration improves core muscle strength and endurance in ambulant individuals with multiple sclerosis: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: People with Multiple sclerosis (MS) have been found to impair strength and endurance of core muscles compared with healthy people. Whole body vibration (WBV) is a relatively new method of neuromuscular training which can induce positive effects on mobility and postural control of MS patients.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of a 6-week WBV training program on the strength and endurance of core muscles in patients with MS.

Trunk postural control during unstable sitting differs between patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome and healthy people: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a common orthopedic problem with a high prevalence among young women. Patients with PFPS have altered trunk muscle activity, impaired postural control and greater displacement of the center of pressure (COP) while standing. Training in unstable sitting, by putting more emphasis on trunk sensory receptors, may improve trunk proprioception by minimizing the role of the lower extremities.

Comparison of static and dynamic balance during early follicular and ovulation phases in healthy women, using simple, clinical tests: a cross sectional study.

Balance may be influenced by several factors. The menstrual cycle can be considered as an important factor which may affect postural control. This study was aimed to investigate the influence of early follicular and ovulation phases on static and dynamic balance indices.

Added Value of Isolated Core Postural Control Training on Knee Pain and Function in Women With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: To evaluate the added value of isolated core postural control training on knee pain and function in women with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS).

Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Rehabilitation sciences research center.

Combined effects of whole body vibration and unstable shoes on balance measures in older adults: A randomized clinical trial.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of 4 weeks of whole body vibration training on balance in older adults who word two different types of shoes: unstable (unstable group) versus standard shoes (stable group).

Design: Randomized, single-blind clinical trial.

Participants: Seventy eight eligible older adults were initially enrolled; 59 participants (mean age 69.

Effect of sacroiliac manipulation on postural sway in quiet standing: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Sacroiliac joint manipulation can alter joint and muscle control mechanisms through local and remote effects. Postural balance is controlled by supraspinal (rambling) and spinal-peripheral (trembling) mechanisms. A manipulation may interfere with postural control in quiet standing.