Nano-adjuvant based on silk fibroin for the delivery of recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen.

Nanotechnology has a vital role in vaccine development. Nano-adjuvants, as robust delivery systems, could stimulate immune responses. Using nanoparticles (NPs) in vaccine formulations enhances the target delivery, immunogenicity, and stability of the antigens.

Corrigendum to "Development of IgY-Based Sandwich ELISA as a Robust Tool for Rapid Detection and Discrimination of Toxigenic ".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2018/4032531.].

Designing a novel ELISA method based on recombinant antigens to increase sensitivity and specificity of whole cell antigen detection.

Aim: In this research, we designed a direct Enzyme Linked Immunoassay method to detect antigens in stool specimens.

Background: infection as the worldwide problem is related to many gastrointestinal disorders such as gastritis, gastric cancer, non-ulcer disease, peptic ulcer disease and duodenal ulcer.

Methods: We produced and purified recombinant and antigens in and extracted their antibodies from a panel of positive sera specimens.

Development of IgY-Based Sandwich ELISA as a Robust Tool for Rapid Detection and Discrimination of Toxigenic .

Background: The conventional methods for diagnosis of are time consuming, complicated, and expensive. Development of rapid detection tests is critical for prevention and management of cholera. This study aimed to introduce two sensitive sandwich ELISAs based on avian antibodies (IgY) targeting outer membrane protein W (OmpW) and cytotoxin B (CtxB) antigens of .

High avidity anti-integrase antibodies discriminate recent and non-recent HIV infection: Implications for HIV incidence assay.

Estimation of HIV incidence provides real-time information of HIV transmission trends for decision makers. Anti-integrase antibodies are the last ones produced during seroconversion and presence of high-avidity anti-integrase antibodies indicates the chronicity of HIV infection. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of these antibodies in discriminating of recent from non-recent HIV infection.

Development of an integrase-based ELISA for specific diagnosis of individuals infected with HIV.

Currently, enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) are the most common immunological diagnostic methods that are used as the screening tool in HIV detection. Among all three major genes of HIV, the products of gag and env are usually used in EIAs (ELISAs and rapid tests). Hence, the presence of cross reacting antibodies against these antigens leads to the appearance of repetitive false positive results in screening tests.

Enhanced-Transient Expression of Hepatitis C Virus Core Protein in Nicotiana tabacum, a Protein With Potential Clinical Applications.

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is major cause of liver cirrhosis in humans. HCV capsid (core) protein (HCVcp) is a highly demanded antigen for various diagnostic, immunization and pathogenesis studies. Plants are considered as an expression system for producing safe and inexpensive biopharmaceutical proteins.

A comparative study on the physicochemical and biological stability of IgG1 and monoclonal antibodies during spray drying process.

Background: The main concern in formulation of antibodies is the intrinsic instability of these labile compounds. To evaluate the physicochemical stability of antibody in dry powder formulations, physical stability of IgG1 and a monoclonal antibody (trastuzumab) during the spray drying process was studied in a parallel study and the efficacy of some sugar based excipients in protection of antibodies was studied.

Results: The SDS-PAGE analysis showed no fragmentation of antibodies after spray drying in all formulations.

Generation and characterization of a functional Nanobody against the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2; angiogenesis cell receptor.

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) is an important tumor-associated receptor and blockade of the VEGF receptor signaling can lead to the inhibition of neovascularization and tumor metastasis. Nanobodies are the smallest intact antigen binding fragments derived from heavy chain-only antibodies occurring in camelids. Here, we describe the identification of a VEGFR2-specific Nanobody, named 3VGR19, from dromedaries immunized with a cell line expressing high levels of VEGFR2.

HCV core protein immunization with Montanide/CpG elicits strong Th1/Th2 and long-lived CTL responses.

An efficient vaccine against Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection requires induction of strong humoral and cellular responses against viral proteins. We evaluated the immunogenicity of HCV core protein (HCVcp), a prime vaccine candidate, formulated in various human compatible adjuvants. An Escherichia coli-expressed HCVcp, purified in native conditions was used for murine immunization in separate groups of: free HCVcp (Ag), Ag+C/IFA (Freunds), Ag+CpG, Ag+M720 (Montanide ISA 720), Ag+F127 (Pluronic acid) and cocktails of Ag+F127+CpG and Ag+M720+CpG.