Prevalence of electrocardiographic abnormalities among Iranian children and adolescents and associations with blood pressure and obesity: findings from the SHED LIGHT study.

Background: There are few studies for detecting rhythm abnormalities among healthy children and adolescents. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of abnormal electrocardiographic findings in the young Iranian population and its association with blood pressure and obesity.

Methods: A total of 15084 children and adolescents were examined in a randomly selected population of Tehran city, Iran, between October 2017 and December 2018.

Reference percentiles for tri-ponderal mass index and its association with general and abdominal obesity among Iranian children and adolescents: A report from the SHED LIGHT study.

Background: The body mass index (BMI) has some limitations in identifying obesity, particularly among children and adolescents.

Objectives: We sought to determine the reference percentiles of tri-ponderal mass index (TMI) for Iranian population, and its relation to BMI, waist circumference (WC), and waist circumference-to-height ratio (WHtR).

Methods: Baseline characteristics for 14 641 children and adolescents were applied.

Prevalence of Structural Heart Diseases Detected by Handheld Echocardiographic Device in School-Age Children in Iran: The SHED LIGHT Study.

Background: Structural heart disease (SHD) has great impacts on healthcare systems, creating further public health concerns. Proper data are scant regarding the magnitude of the affected population by SHD.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of SHD among children and adolescents in an Iranian population.

Primary and metastatic primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the heart: A systematic review.

Objective: Primary and metastatic primitive neuroectodermal tumors of the pericardium are uncommon. Two cases are presented and discussed.

Methods: The cases of a 17- and 38-year-old male patients with neuroectodermal tumors of the pericardium are presented.

Surgical septal myectomy for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The Iranian experience.

Introduction: Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is a hereditary heart muscle disorder characterized by significant myocardial hypertrophy. we assessed perioperative and long-term follow-up data of Iranian HOCM patients who underwent SM in 2 pioneering centers.

Methods: Clinical data of patients with HOCM septal myectomy are collected.

A rare cause of complete heart block in an adult: Primary cardiac lymphoma.

Primary cardiac lymphoma (PCL) is a rare primary cardiac neoplasm with a relatively poor prognosis despite confinement to the heart and/or pericardium. We report a 54-year-old man who had presented with complete heart block for which he had undergone permanent pacemaker implantation, and six months later he was referred to us for evaluation of progressive exertional dyspnea. Multislice spiral computed tomography angiography of the heart and major vasculature showed infiltrative tumoral lesion that has involved interatrial septum, right atrium, left atrium, and left ventricle with invasion into the pulmonary artery.

Cardiac Echinococcosis Associated with Other Organ Involvement: Report of Two Challenging Cases.

• Cardiac echinococcosis is a rare but potentially fatal manifestation of hydatid disease. • Antiparasitic agents with surgical cyst excision is the treatment of choice. • Heart team decision-based management is warranted in cases of other organ involvement.

Effects of intravenous and transdermal photobiomodulation on the postoperative complications of coronary artery bypass grafting surgery: a randomized, controlled clinical trial.

Although coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is one of the most worldwide commonly performed cardiac surgeries to enhance myocardial perfusion in high-grade myocardial occlusion, it remains a high-risk procedure. Photobiomodulation (PBM) is one of the methods which have been shown to have positive effects on the healing process after CABG and postoperative complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of PBM in patients who underwent a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG).

Pocket-sized echocardiography for screening structural heart disease: diagnostic accuracy and cost-effectiveness for population-based studies.

Background: The standard transthoracic echocardiography has some limitations in emergent and community-based situations. The emergence of pocket-sized ultrasound has led to influential advancements.

Methods: In this prospective study, in the hospital-based phase, children with suspected structural heart diseases were enrolled.

Impact of the Iranian Registry of Infective Endocarditis (IRIE) and multidisciplinary team approach on patient management.

Backgrounds: The last 30 years have witnessed major improvements in understanding of all aspects of infective endocarditis (IE). The Iranian Registry of Infective Endocarditis (IRIE) was formed to address epidemiological aspects of IE vis-à-vis its main pathogens and underlying heart diseases over a 12-year period. Indeed, a multidisciplinary team (MDT) for IE was developed alongside.

Iranian Registry of Infective Endocarditis (IRIE): Time to relook at the guideline, regarding to regional differences.

Aims: Infective endocarditis (IE) remained a potentially fatal disease with high rate of mortality and morbidity. The epidemiology and global burden of IE are largely different between the countries. We aimed to address the epidemiological aspects of IE in a tertiary hospital in Tehran, Iran.

Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation Following Cardiac Surgery: From Pathogenesis to Potential Therapies.

Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a major complication after cardiac surgery which can lead to high rates of morbidity and mortality, an enhanced length of hospital stay, and an increased cost of care. POAF is postulated to be a multifactorial phenomenon; however, some major pathogeneses have been proposed, including inflammatory pathways, oxidative stress, and autonomic dysfunction. Genetic studies also showed that inflammatory pathways, beta-1 adrenoreceptor variants, G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 gene variants, and non-coding single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the 4q25 chromosomal locus are involved in this phenomenon.

A comprehensive multimodality heart motion prediction algorithm for robotic-assisted beating heart surgery.

Background: An essential requirement for performing robotic-assisted surgery on a freely beating heart is a prediction algorithm that can estimate the future heart trajectory.

Method: Heart motion, respiratory volume (RV) and electrocardiogram (ECG) signal were measured from two dogs during thoracotomy surgery. A comprehensive multimodality prediction algorithm was developed based on the multivariate autoregressive model to incorporate the heart trajectory and cardiorespiratory data with multiple inherent measurement rates explicitly.

A Hybrid Algorithm for Prediction of Varying Heart Rate Motion in Computer-Assisted Beating Heart Surgery.

An essential requirement for performing robotic assisted surgery on a freely beating heart is a prediction algorithm which can estimate the future trajectory of the heart in the varying heart rate (HR) conditions of real surgery with a high accuracy. In this study, a hybrid amplitude modulation- (AM) and autoregressive- (AR) based algorithm was developed to enable estimating the global and local oscillations of the beating heart, raised from its major and minor physiological activities. The AM model was equipped with an estimator of the heartbeat frequency to compensate for the HR variations.

Different Presentation of Anomalous Origin of the Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery in Adults: Case Reports.

Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a rare congenital cardiac malformation. We report three cases of ALCAPA who survived to adulthood. The first case was a 51-year-old woman who complained of typical chest pain that was diagnosed with ALCAPA using cardiac catheterization and coronary computed tomographic angiography (CTA).

Feasibility of infrared tracking of beating heart motion for robotic assisted beating heart surgery.

Background: Accurate tracking of the heart surface motion is a major requirement for robot assisted beating heart surgery.

Method: The feasibility of a stereo infrared tracking system for measuring the free beating heart motion was investigated by experiments on a heart motion simulator, as well as model surgery on a dog.

Results: Simulator experiments revealed a high tracking accuracy (81 μm root mean square error) when the capturing times were synchronized and the tracker pointed at the target from a 100 cm distance.

Mid-term outcomes of surgical repair for anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery: In infants, children and adults.

Background: Anomalous origin of left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a rare congenital malformation. We sought to evaluate in-hospital and mid-term outcomes of patients with a diagnosis of ALCAPA who underwent surgical repair.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to evaluate the mid-term outcomes of surgical repair of ALCAPA at our center and to analyze the surgical techniques used.

Feto-maternal outcomes of urgent open-heart surgery during pregnancy.

Background And Aim Of The Study: Cardiac surgery during pregnancy is rarely required and potentially increases feto-maternal mortality. The study aim was to evaluate pregnancy outcomes in females who underwent open-heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during pregnancy.

Methods: Between 1999 and 2014, a total of 16 pregnant women (mean age 27 ± 7 years; mean gestational age 13 ± 7.

Rotational thromboelastometry in prediction of bleeding after cardiac surgery.

Background: Reexploration and its associated complications significantly affect hospital mortality and morbidity. Therefore, to prevent postoperative bleeding and its related complications, using an appropriate modality is essential during cardiac surgery.

Methods: Four hundred patients (296 males and 104 females, mean age 60.

Long-Term Outcome of Mechanical Pulmonary Valve Replacement in 121 Patients with Congenital Heart Disease.

Background: A tissue valve is the prosthesis of choice in the majority of children and adults requiring pulmonary valve replacement (PVR). Mechanical valves, on the other hand, are more durable but require anticoagulation therapy and carry the elevated risk of thrombosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term outcomes of mechanical prosthetic valves in a single referral tertiary center.

Fibrinolytic therapy for mechanical pulmonary valve thrombosis.

Treatment of prosthetic heart valve thrombosis using intravenous thrombolytics, although an acceptable alternative to surgery, is not complication free, and the literature has a dearth of data on the subject. This study analyzed the results of fibrinolytic treatment (FT) among a single-center group of patients with mechanical pulmonary valve thrombosis. Between 2000 and 2013, 23 consecutive patients with 25 episodes of pulmonary valve thrombosis received FT.

Long-term results of aortic valve replacement with posterior root enlargement.

Background: Posterior root enlargement provides the implantation of suitable-sized prosthetic valves in patients with a small aortic root. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term results of posterior root enlargement in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement.

Methods: Between 1997 and 2011, 103 patients with a small aortic annulus (indexed effective orifice area < 0.

Two new mathematical models for prediction of early mortality risk in coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop new models for prediction of short-term mortality risk in on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery using decision tree (DT) methods.

Methods: Between September 2005 and April 2006, 948 consecutive patients underwent CABG surgery at Rajaie Heart Center. Potential risk factors were reviewed and univariate and multivariate analysis for short-term mortality were performed.