Evaluation of exposure to secondhand smoke and serum level of interleukin 18 in non-smokers.

Objective: Smoking is one significant global health care problems, that not only affects the users but also endangers the health of people inhaling the smoke (passive smoking/secondhand smoke). The serum level of IL-18, an important regulator of inherent and acquired immune response, is affected by cigarette smoking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure on IL-18 serum level in non-smoker adults.

The effect of progressive muscle relaxation on the management of fatigue and quality of sleep in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

Objective: To assess the effect of progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) on fatigue and sleep quality of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) stages 3 and 4.

Materials And Methods: The pretest posttest clinical trial recruited 91 patients COPD grades 3 and 4. Following random assignment of subjects, the treatment group (n = 45) performed PMR for eight weeks and the control group (n = 46) received routine cares.

Lung regeneration using amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells.

Respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary hypertension and lung fibrosis, are yet a major challenge in the world and they result in irreversible structural lung damage. Lung transplantation as the only therapeutic option face some major challenges like graft rejection and cancer, arising as a result of immunosuppression. A low survival rate faced by lung transplantation patients is presently limited to approximately 5 years.

Complications of primary realignment of posterior urethral disruption after pelvic trauma.

Background: There are two fundamental selections for the management of traumatic posterior urethral injury, delayed repair or early primary realignment.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the complications of primary realignment of posterior urethral disruption.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was done at the Shohada-ye Ashayer University Hospital in Khorramabad.

Small ubiquitin-like modifier 4 M55V polymorphism is not associated with diabetic nephropathy in Iranian type 2 diabetes patients.

Introduction: We studied the impact of small ubiquitin-like modifier 4 (SUMO4) M55V polymorphism on susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy in Iranian type 2 diabetes patients.

Materials And Methods: The patient group consisted of 50 Iranian type 2 diabetes patients with nephropathy, and the control group consisted of 50 Iranian type 2 diabetes patients without nephropathy. Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method for the M55V.

Infantile amoebiasis: a case report.

Amoebiasis continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children in developing countries. Entamoeba histolytica infections are commonly observed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world including Iran. In developed countries Entamoeba histolytica infections are commonly seen in travelers, recent immigrants, homosexual men, and inmates of institutions.

Scolicidal effects of Olea europaea and Satureja khuzestanica extracts on protoscolices of hydatid cysts.

Treatment of hydatid disease is mainly surgical, with medical treatment being reserved as a coadjuvant treatment. Use of effective scolicidal agents during surgery of cystic echinococcosis is essential to reduce the recurrence rate. The goal of this study was to evaluate the in vitro scolicidal effects of hydroalcoholic extracts of Satureja khuzestanica leaves and aqueous extracts of Olea europaea leaves on hydatid cyst protoscolices.