Prevalence of Structural Heart Diseases Detected by Handheld Echocardiographic Device in School-Age Children in Iran: The SHED LIGHT Study.

Background: Structural heart disease (SHD) has great impacts on healthcare systems, creating further public health concerns. Proper data are scant regarding the magnitude of the affected population by SHD.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of SHD among children and adolescents in an Iranian population.

Surgical left atrial appendage closure: Success rate and its relationship with cerebrovascular accident.

Several surgical procedures such as excision or exclusion are recommended for the closure of the left atrial appendage (LAA). This study was conducted with the aim to evaluate the success rate of different surgical techniques for LAA closure, their respective complications, and the rate of post-surgical cerebrovascular accident (CVA). This retrospective study included 150 consecutive patients who underwent LAA closure most commonly after mitral valve surgery within 3 to 6 months after surgery.

Surgical septal myectomy for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The Iranian experience.

Introduction: Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is a hereditary heart muscle disorder characterized by significant myocardial hypertrophy. we assessed perioperative and long-term follow-up data of Iranian HOCM patients who underwent SM in 2 pioneering centers.

Methods: Clinical data of patients with HOCM septal myectomy are collected.

Role of Using a Thromboelastometry-Based Protocol for Transfusion Management in Combined Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting and Valve Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trail.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of using a thromboelastometry-based protocol on transfusion requirements in patients undergoing combined coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and valve surgery. 80 adult patients scheduled for elective combined CABG and valve surgery were included in this clinical trial study. Patients were randomly allocated to the thromboelastometry (ROTEM) ( = 40) or control groups ( = 40).

A rare cause of complete heart block in an adult: Primary cardiac lymphoma.

Primary cardiac lymphoma (PCL) is a rare primary cardiac neoplasm with a relatively poor prognosis despite confinement to the heart and/or pericardium. We report a 54-year-old man who had presented with complete heart block for which he had undergone permanent pacemaker implantation, and six months later he was referred to us for evaluation of progressive exertional dyspnea. Multislice spiral computed tomography angiography of the heart and major vasculature showed infiltrative tumoral lesion that has involved interatrial septum, right atrium, left atrium, and left ventricle with invasion into the pulmonary artery.

Effects of intravenous and transdermal photobiomodulation on the postoperative complications of coronary artery bypass grafting surgery: a randomized, controlled clinical trial.

Although coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is one of the most worldwide commonly performed cardiac surgeries to enhance myocardial perfusion in high-grade myocardial occlusion, it remains a high-risk procedure. Photobiomodulation (PBM) is one of the methods which have been shown to have positive effects on the healing process after CABG and postoperative complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of PBM in patients who underwent a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG).

Large pericardial mesothelial cyst coexisting with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy.

Background: Pericardial mesothelioma cyst occurs rarely, and is often found incidentally. The coexistence between large pericardial mesothelial cyst and hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) can make difficulties in medical management.

Case Report: Our case was a 33-year-old man presented with dizziness and pallor while standing since four years before, and recent syncope.

Iranian Society of Cardiac Surgeons COVID-19 task force version II, restarting elective surgeries.

Given the nature of heart disease and the importance of continuing heart surgery during the pandemic and its aftermath and in order to provide adequate safety for the surgical team and achieve the desired result for patients, as well as the optimal use of ICU beds, the medical team, blood, blood products, and personal protective equipment, it is essential to change the usual approach during the pandemic. There are still a lot of evidences and experiences needed to produce the perfect protocol. Some centers may have a special program for their centers during this period of epidemics that can be respected and performed.

Challenges and experience of setting up an aortic service.

Aortic surgery is a complex procedure posing high risks in comparison to other adult cardiac surgeries. Novel surgical approaches including minimally invasive procedures, sutureless aortic valve replacement, and transcatheter aortic valve implantation have been found to be acceptable alternatives to conventional surgeries. In addition, novel endovascular repair techniques and hybrid procedures have been introduced for the management of patients with thoracoabdominal aortic pathologies.

Concomitant cardiac and hepatic hemangiomas.

Primary tumors of the heart are rare with a reported incidence of about 0.002% to 0.3% at autopsy.

Comparison of standard coagulation testing with thromboelastometry tests in cardiac surgery.

According to the several evidences, using thromboelastometry as a point of care test can be effective in reduction in blood loss and transfusion requirements in cardiac surgeries. However, there are limited data regarding to the comparison of thromboelastometry and the standard coagulation tests. In this study, we compared thromboelastometry and standard coagulation tests (PT, PTT and fibrinogen level) in patients under combined coronary-valve surgery.

Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation Following Cardiac Surgery: From Pathogenesis to Potential Therapies.

Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a major complication after cardiac surgery which can lead to high rates of morbidity and mortality, an enhanced length of hospital stay, and an increased cost of care. POAF is postulated to be a multifactorial phenomenon; however, some major pathogeneses have been proposed, including inflammatory pathways, oxidative stress, and autonomic dysfunction. Genetic studies also showed that inflammatory pathways, beta-1 adrenoreceptor variants, G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 gene variants, and non-coding single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the 4q25 chromosomal locus are involved in this phenomenon.

Cardiac hydatid cyst: A rare presentation of echinococcal infection.

A 57-year-old man presented with atypical chest pain. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed and revealed a very large and well defined intra-myocardial multicystic mass in the posterolateral and basal inferoseptal segments of left ventricle suggestive of hydatid cyst. Although the echocardiographic diagnosis was straightforward, serologic test (hydatid cyst antibody) with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed which was positive for echinococcal infection.

Mesenchymal stem cells from human amniotic membrane differentiate into cardiomyocytes and endothelial-like cells without improving cardiac function after surgical administration in rat model of chronic heart failure.

Human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) have been used in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. In the current study, we investigated the efficacy of hAMSCs for the treatment of chronic model of myocardial ischemia and heart failure (HF) in rats. Male Wistar rats weighing between 250 to 350 g were randomized into three groups: sham, HF control and HF+hAMSCs.

Feasibility of On-table Extubation After Cardiac Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: The use of short-acting anesthetics, muscle relaxation, and anesthesia depth monitoring allows maintaining sufficient anesthesia depth, fast recovery, and extubation of the patients in the operating room (OR). We evaluated the feasibility of extubation in the OR in cardiac surgery.

Methods: This clinical trial was performed on 100 adult patients who underwent elective noncomplex cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass.

A comprehensive multimodality heart motion prediction algorithm for robotic-assisted beating heart surgery.

Background: An essential requirement for performing robotic-assisted surgery on a freely beating heart is a prediction algorithm that can estimate the future heart trajectory.

Method: Heart motion, respiratory volume (RV) and electrocardiogram (ECG) signal were measured from two dogs during thoracotomy surgery. A comprehensive multimodality prediction algorithm was developed based on the multivariate autoregressive model to incorporate the heart trajectory and cardiorespiratory data with multiple inherent measurement rates explicitly.

A Hybrid Algorithm for Prediction of Varying Heart Rate Motion in Computer-Assisted Beating Heart Surgery.

An essential requirement for performing robotic assisted surgery on a freely beating heart is a prediction algorithm which can estimate the future trajectory of the heart in the varying heart rate (HR) conditions of real surgery with a high accuracy. In this study, a hybrid amplitude modulation- (AM) and autoregressive- (AR) based algorithm was developed to enable estimating the global and local oscillations of the beating heart, raised from its major and minor physiological activities. The AM model was equipped with an estimator of the heartbeat frequency to compensate for the HR variations.

Congenital Aortico-Left Ventricular Tunnel: A Case Report of a Rare Cause of Aortic Regurgitation in Adults.

The aortico-left ventricular tunnel is a rare congenital abnormality resulting in a pathologic connection between the aorta and the left ventricle. It often presents during infancy or early childhood as a cardiac failure symptom or an incidental finding of a cardiac murmur due to severe aortic regurgitation. It is, however, also occasionally found in asymptomatic adults.

Perioperative changes in platelet count and function in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Patients undergoing cardiac surgery are at increased risk of bleeding due to multifactorial coagulopathies. In the present study, we aimed at investigating the changes in platelet count and function during and after surgery as well as determining the association of the platelet dysfunction with bleeding and transfusion requirements in these patients. A total of 40 adult patients scheduled for elective valve coronary cardiac surgery were included in this prospective observational study.

Different Presentation of Anomalous Origin of the Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery in Adults: Case Reports.

Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a rare congenital cardiac malformation. We report three cases of ALCAPA who survived to adulthood. The first case was a 51-year-old woman who complained of typical chest pain that was diagnosed with ALCAPA using cardiac catheterization and coronary computed tomographic angiography (CTA).

Feasibility of infrared tracking of beating heart motion for robotic assisted beating heart surgery.

Background: Accurate tracking of the heart surface motion is a major requirement for robot assisted beating heart surgery.

Method: The feasibility of a stereo infrared tracking system for measuring the free beating heart motion was investigated by experiments on a heart motion simulator, as well as model surgery on a dog.

Results: Simulator experiments revealed a high tracking accuracy (81 μm root mean square error) when the capturing times were synchronized and the tracker pointed at the target from a 100 cm distance.

Mid-term outcomes of surgical repair for anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery: In infants, children and adults.

Background: Anomalous origin of left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a rare congenital malformation. We sought to evaluate in-hospital and mid-term outcomes of patients with a diagnosis of ALCAPA who underwent surgical repair.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to evaluate the mid-term outcomes of surgical repair of ALCAPA at our center and to analyze the surgical techniques used.

Fish oil supplementation for primary prevention of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) after cardiac surgery is a common complication that may influence patients' early and long term outcomes and hospital costs. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of fish oil on occurrence of AF following coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG).

Methods: This study was a single-center, randomized, double blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial.