Long-Term Bowel Vaginoplasty With a Single Yang-Monti Tube.

Introduction: The bowel remains the favored tissue for neo-vaginoplasty (NeoVP) in pediatric patients with vaginal agenesis. In 2001, the first description of NeoVP using the Yang-Monti technique with a sigmoid double tubular flap was published. We present our experience of NeoVP with a single Yang-Monti tube (SYMT) flap and report on the use of different segments of colon.

Correction: Neonatal Circumcision: What Are the Factors Affecting Parental Decision?

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19415.

Does preoperative screening VCUG affect the outcomes and complications of pyeloplasty in patients with ureteropelvic junction obstruction?

Introduction: The role of voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) in evaluating vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in patients with known ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) remains unclear. While VCUG is frequently performed, the incidence of concomitant VUR and UPJO is low, and VUR is often low-grade with high rates of spontaneous regression.

Objective: To analyze the clinical relevance of VCUG in patients with UPJO by determining its incidence and studying the difference in clinical outcomes between patients with known, unknown, and negative VUR.

Simultaneous placement of fecal and urinary continent channel stomas in the umbilicus: Single-center experience.

Introduction: In patients with urinary continent channel (UCC) and Malone Antegrade Continent Enema (MACE) procedures, two separate abdominal stomas are needed. The umbilicus is a preferred site for single channel stomas given the ability to conceal the stoma. However, there are no studies describing outcomes of both stomas being created in the umbilicus.

Ultrasonographic stabilization of hydronephrosis after pyeloplasty: Key determinant of postoperative follow-up?

Introduction: Although more than 1500 pediatric pyeloplasties are performed in the United States per year, there is a lack of consensus on the adequate imaging modality and timing of follow-up after surgery.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate if ultrasonographic stabilization in the grade of hydronephrosis after pyeloplasty is an adequate parameter to define the optimal length of follow-up after surgery and to detect failed procedures. Secondarily, we want to analyze clinical variables that could impact ultrasonographic stabilization.

Small Intestinal Submucosa for corporeal body grafting in patients with proximal hypospadias and severe chordee: Long term follow-up assessing erectile function and genital self-perception.

Background: Proximal hypospadias and severe ventral chordee are often challenging to repair. To preserve penile length in chordee repair, Small Intestinal Submucosa (SIS) corporal grafting is often performed with potential long-term complications including recurrent curvature and erectile dysfunction (ED). There is a paucity of data evaluating sexual function in mid, late and post-pubertal patients.

Neonatal Circumcision: What Are the Factors Affecting Parental Decision?

Introduction: The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guidelines state that the health benefits of circumcision outweigh the risks, but these benefits are not enough to recommend universal newborn circumcision. Therefore, it is the guardians' decision to circumcise their son. In this study, we assess the factors that influence the decision-making process for newborn circumcision.

Predictive factors for early discharge (≤24 hours) and re-admission following robotic-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty in children.

Introduction: Minimally invasive pyeloplasty (MIP) for correction of ureteropelvic junction obstruction in children has significantly improved the postoperative management of these patients. In this study, we sought to examine the factors associated with early discharge (≤24 hours) in children who underwent robotic-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty (RALP).

Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of all children who underwent RALP from 2012-2018 in our center.

Androgenization in Klinefelter syndrome: Clinical spectrum from infancy through young adulthood.

Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is an uncommon chromosomal disorder in males that has a variable clinical appearance. Classic KS involves an extra X chromosome, (47, XXY), although other variations may exist, including a milder mosaic form as well as multiple extra sex chromosomes with more dramatic phenotypes. KS is underdiagnosed, especially pre-pubertally, owing to a paucity of concrete clinical signs; however, diagnostic rates increase during and after puberty, as the consequences of hypergonadotropic hypogonadism begin to manifest.

Papers presented at the fall 2020 Pediatric Urologic Oncology Work Group of the Societies of Pediatric Urology meetingBladder Duplication in a Setting of VACTER Association.

Bladder duplication is a rare anomaly classified as sagittal or coronal, depending on the axis of the septum. VACTER association involves congenital anomalies affecting the vertebrae, anus, heart, trachea, esophagus, kidney and genitourinary system. This is the first description of a case of coronal bladder duplication in a patient that also presented with anomalies on the foregut and other organs that correspond to VACTER association.

Voiding Cystourethrogram in Children With Unilateral Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney: Is It Still necessary?

Objective: To evaluate the value of the voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) in children with multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) who have a normal versus abnormal contralateral kidney and bladder ultrasound (US), and assess the risk of having vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) or urinary tract infection (UTI) based on the US results.

Methods: A retrospective chart review including children with unilateral MCDK with postnatal US and VCUG available at our institution between January 2008 and September 2017 was performed. Analysis was done to find association between abnormal contralateral US and contralateral VUR and UTI.

Early pyeloplasty versus conservative management of severe ureteropelvic junction obstruction in asymptomatic infants.

Background: Ureteric-pelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is the most common cause of antenatal and neonatal hydronephrosis and its management remains controversial. While conservative management is advocated for all, this strategy puts a quarter of these patients at risk for possibly irreversible renal damage.

Aim: In this study, we compare functional and anatomic outcomes in newborns and infants less than 1 year of age with high-grade unilateral UPJO, following early surgical pyeloplasty (ESP) versus conservative management (CM).

Pediatric Kidney Transplantation Outcomes in Children with Primary Urological Abnormalities Versus Nonurological Abnormalities: Long-Term Results.

Purpose: We assessed renal function, graft survival rates and the risk of graft loss in children based on etiology with a focus on differences between urological causes from congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract vs other causes of end stage kidney disease.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed including patients younger than 18 years who underwent kidney transplantation at our institution from December 1984 to November 2010 with the last followup recorded in March 2018. Patient clinical characteristics, demographics and end stage kidney disease etiology were recorded.

Association of vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and nephrolithiasis: A meta-analysis.

Nephrolithiasis is a complex disease in which its pathophysiology is strongly influenced by genetics. Polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene have been reported to be associated with the development of kidney stones which in most cases are composed predominantly of calcium salts. For the purpose of this study, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to analyze the association of BsmI (rs1544410), ApaI (rs7975232), TaqI (rs731236) and FokI (rs2228570) polymorphisms with nephrolithiasis.

Prenatal renal parenchymal area as a predictor of early end-stage renal disease in children with vesicoamniotic shunting for lower urinary tract obstruction.

Background: Vesicoamniotic shunting (VAS) and other bladder drainage techniques for fetal lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO) have been proven to ameliorate pulmonary hypoplasia and increase survival in patients with an initial poor prognosis. Currently there are limited prognostic tools available during gestation to evaluate and predict postnatal renal function.

Objective: The aim was to describe the prenatal growth of the renal parenchymal area (RPA) in patients with LUTO and determine its application as a predictor of renal function at one year of life.

Staged Fowler-Stephens and Single-stage Laparoscopic Orchiopexy for Intra-abdominal Testes: Is There a Difference? A Single Institution Experience.

Objective: To compare single-stage laparoscopic orchiopexy (SSLO) and staged Fowler-Stephens (SFS) procedures in the management of intra-abdominal undescended testes, and to analyze postoperative atrophy and malpositioning as end points.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective chart review identified laparoscopic orchiopexy patients with intra-abdominal testes between November 2006 and November 2014. Of 167 patients who had laparoscopic orchiopexy, 73 (85 testes) were identified as having laparoscopic orchiopexy.

Outcome of vesicoureteral reflux in infants: impact of prenatal diagnosis.

Objective: Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is an important disorder that could be diagnosed in antenatal or postnatal period. The natural history of VUR seems to be different between prenatal or postnatal forms of the disease. We compared the natural history and outcome of vesicoureteral reflux in infants less than one year old diagnosed prenatally or postnatally.