4-Phenyl butyric acid increases particulate hexokinase activity and protects against ROS injury in L6 myotubes.

Unlabelled: Hexokinase (HK) is the first enzyme in the glycolytic pathway and is responsible for glucose phosphorylation and fixation into the cell. HK (HK-II) is expressed in skeletal muscle and can be found in the cytosol or bound mitochondria, where it can protect cells against insults such as oxidative stress. 4-Phenyl butyric acid (4-PBA) is a chemical chaperone that inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress and contributes to the restoring of glucose homeostasis.