The Response Surface Optimization of Supercritical CO Modified with Ethanol Extraction of -Anisic Acid from Flowers and Mathematical Modeling of the Mass Transfer.

A widely disseminated native species from Australia, , which is mainly cultivated in Brazil and South Africa, represents a rich source of natural tannins used in the tanning process. Many flowers of the species are used as sources of compounds of interest for the cosmetic industry, such as phenolic compounds. In this study, supercritical fluid extraction was used to obtain non-volatile compounds from flowers for the first time.

Calorie restriction changes lipidomic profiles and maintains mitochondrial function and redox balance during isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy.

Typically, healthy cardiac tissue utilizes more fat than any other organ. Cardiac hypertrophy induces a metabolic shift leading to a preferential consumption of glucose over fatty acids to support the high energetic demand. Calorie restriction is a dietary procedure that induces health benefits and lifespan extension in many organisms.

Diazoxide Modulates Cardiac Hypertrophy by Targeting H2O2 Generation and Mitochondrial Superoxide Dismutase Activity.

Background: Cardiac hypertrophy involves marked wall thickening or chamber enlargement. If sustained, this condition will lead to dysfunctional mitochondria and oxidative stress. Mitochondria have ATP-sensitive K+ channels (mitoKATP) in the inner membrane that modulate the redox status of the cell.

Calorie restriction attenuates hypertrophy-induced redox imbalance and mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K channel repression.

Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy and associated heart failure. Cardiac tissue grows in response to pressure or volume overload, leading to wall thickening or chamber enlargement. If sustained, this condition will lead to a dysfunctional cardiac tissue and oxidative stress.

Mitochondria and Cardiac Hypertrophy.

Cardiac tissue responds to long-term hemodynamic load through initiation of a hypertrophic remodeling program. Importantly, if not counteracted this response will eventually lead to organ failure. Cardiac hypertrophic adaptations are complex, and involve multiple cellular events and the mechanisms underlying the development of cardiac hypertrophy are not well understood.

Diazoxide prevents reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial damage, leading to anti-hypertrophic effects.

Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is characterized by wall thickening or chamber enlargement of the heart in response to pressure or volume overload, respectively. This condition will, initially, improve the organ contractile function, but if sustained will render dysfunctional mitochondria and oxidative stress. Mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K channels (mitoKATP) modulate the redox status of the cell and protect against several cardiac insults.

Recent findings in the chemistry of odorants from four Baccharis species and their impact as chemical markers.

Baccharis is a widespread genus belonging to the Asteraceae family that includes almost 400 species exclusively from the Americas. Even when studied in detail, the taxonomic classification among species from this genus is not yet fully defined. Within the framework of our study of the volatile composition of the Baccharis genus, four species (B.

Antibiotic-modifying activity of riachin, a non-cyanogenic cyanoglycoside extracted from Bauhinia pentandra.

Background: The search for new active compounds from the Brazilian flora has intensified in recent years, especially for new drugs with antibiotic potential. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to determine whether riachin has antibiotic activity in itself or is able to modulate the activity of conventional antibiotics.

Methods: A non-cyanogenic cyanoglycoside known as riachin was isolated from Bauhinia pentandra, and was tested alone and in combination with three antibiotics (clindamycin, amikacin, and gentamicin) against multiresistant bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus).