Anti-inflammatory effects of LASSBio-998, a new drug candidate designed to be a p38 MAPK inhibitor, in an experimental model of acute lung inflammation.

We investigated the effects of LASSBio-998 (L-998), a compound designed to be a p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung inflammation in vivo. BALB/c mice were challenged with aerosolized LPS inhalation (0.5 mg/ml) 4 h after oral administration of L-998.

Lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury: role of P2X7 receptor.

Rationale: P2X7 receptors have been involved in inflammatory and immunological responses, and their activation modulates pro-inflammatory cytokines production by LPS-challenged macrophages.

Objectives: To determine the role of P2X7R in LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice.

Methods: Wild-type (C57BL/6) and P2X7 knockout mice received intratracheal injection of saline or Escherichia coli LPS (60 μg).

Mate tea reduced acute lung inflammation in mice exposed to cigarette smoke.

Objective: Short-term cigarette smoke exposure has been associated with acute lung inflammation (ALI) and oxidative damage. We studied mate tea (Ilex paraguariensis infusion) as a possible nutritional resource for ALI.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice (n = 30) were administered with mate tea orally (150 mg/kg, CSMO), mate tea intraperitonially (150 mg/kg, CSMIP), or the vehicle (CS) and then exposed to cigarette smoke for 5 d (six cigarettes per day).

Involvement of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase-Akt and nuclear factor kappa-B pathways in the effect of frutalin on human lymphocyte.

The mechanisms involved in the mitogenic effect of lectins are not fully understood and are thought to involve a cascade of intracellular signals related to T cell receptor activation. This study shows that frutalin, the alpha-D-galactose-binding lectin from Artocarpus incisa seeds, is a potent mitogenic activator of human lymphocytes. This effect is inhibited by D-galactose and PI3K inhibitors, and is accompanied by an increase in IL-2 receptor expression and by a PI3K-dependent IL-2 gene expression and IL-2 protein synthesis.

Frutalin, a galactose-binding lectin, induces chemotaxis and rearrangement of actin cytoskeleton in human neutrophils: involvement of tyrosine kinase and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

Several lectin-like molecules have been shown as potent activators of leukocytes. Galactose-binding lectins are of special interest since they could interact with several endogenous molecules involved in the innate and specific immune responses. The effects of Frutalin (FTL), an alpha-D-galactose (Gal)-binding plant lectin, on the modulation of neutrophil (PMN) functions were investigated.

Genetic selection for susceptibility to oral tolerance leads to a profound reduction of the acute inflammatory response.

Strains of mice obtained by genetic selection to extremes of phenotype for susceptibility or resistance to oral tolerance were investigated for possible genetic correlations with acute inflammatory response using different models of inflammation. The results show a strong genetic association.