Using Disruptive Technologies in the Anatomy Discipline After the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review.

COVID-19 pandemic health restrictions affected the theoretical and practical teaching of anatomy. This review aims to analyze studies about teaching anatomy in this period. A search through the PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Lilacs, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases found 1607 articles.

Electrical carotid sinus nerve stimulation attenuates experimental colitis induced by acetic acid in rats.

Aims: The carotid bodies are sensors that detect physiological signals and convey them to the central nervous system, where the stimuli are processed inducing reflexes through efferent pathways. Recent studies have demonstrated that electrical stimulation of the carotid sinus nerve (CSN) triggers the anti-inflammatory reflex under different conditions. However, whether this electrical stimulation attenuates colitis was never examined.

Risk factors and immunological biomarkers in denture stomatitis: An observational cross-sectional study.

Objective: Assess risk factors, local and systemic immunological biomarkers in healthy individuals and with Denture Stomatitis (DS).

Design: For this observational transversal study, 27 participants without DS (Group 0), 24 with moderate DS (Group 1), and 25 with severe DS (Group 2) were assessed for sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical parameters, microbial load of Candida spp., Staphylococcus spp.

Autonomic Regulation of Inflammation in Conscious Animals.

Bioelectronic medicine is a novel field in modern medicine based on the specific neuronal stimulation to control organ function, cardiovascular, and immune homeostasis. However, most studies addressing neuromodulation of the immune system have been conducted on anesthetized animals, which can affect the nervous system and neuromodulation. Here, we review recent studies involving conscious experimental rodents (rats and mice) to better understand the functional organization of neural control of immune homeostasis.

Effect of a Hygiene Protocol on Denture-Related Stomatitis Remission, Local Inflammatory Factors, and Hemodynamic Responses by Arterial Pressure.

Denture-related stomatitis (DRS) is frequent oral inflammation in complete denture wearers. This study evaluated the effect of a hygiene protocol on DRS remission, local inflammatory factors, and hemodynamic responses. Thirty-three individuals were enrolled in the study.

Short-term effect of ligature-induced periodontitis on cardiovascular variability and inflammatory response in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Background: We previously reported that periodontal disease (PD) induces high arterial pressure variability (APV) consistent with sympathetic overactivity and elicits myocardial inflammation in Balb/c mice. However, it is unknown whether PD can change APV and heart rate variability (HRV) in spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. This study aimed to evaluate the hemodynamic level, HRV, and APV associating with myocardial inflammation and plasma concentrations of oxide nitric (NO) in SHR and WKY rats with PD.

The Bezold-Jarisch Reflex and The Inflammatory Response Modulation in Unanesthetized Endotoxemic Rats.

Evidence indicates that the activation of the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system may be effective in treating inflammatory diseases. Previously, we have described that baroreflex activation displays anti-inflammatory properties. Analogous to the baroreflex, the Bezold-Jarisch reflex also promotes parasympathetic activation with simultaneous inhibition of the sympathetic system.

Effect of short-term increase in occlusal vertical dimension on masticatory muscle electrical activities and pressure-to-pain threshold: A crossover clinical study.

Statement Of Problem: Increasing the occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) is a common procedure in clinical practice. However, few studies have assessed the short-term influence of an increased OVD on the masticatory muscles.

Purpose: The purpose of this crossover clinical study was to investigate the effect of increased OVD on the electrical activity of masticatory muscles and the pressure-to-pain threshold (PPT) in asymptomatic participants.

Carotid sinus nerve stimulation attenuates alveolar bone loss and inflammation in experimental periodontitis.

Baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflexes modulate inflammatory responses. However, whether these reflexes attenuate periodontal diseases has been poorly examined. Thus, the present study determined the effects of electrical activation of the carotid sinus nerve (CSN) in rats with periodontitis.

Cardiovascular and Autonomic Dysfunction in Murine Ligature-Induced Periodontitis.

The present study examined the hemodynamics [arterial pressure (AP), AP variability (APV), heart rate (HR), and heart rate variability (HRV)], cardiac function (echocardiographycally), and myocardial inflammation in Balb/c mice submitted to Periodontitis, through the ligation of the left first molar, or Sham surgical procedure. The first protocol indicated that the AP was similar (136 ± 2 vs. 132 ± 3 mmHg in Sham), while the HR was higher in mice with Periodontitis (475 ± 20 vs.

Periodontitis is associated with hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Recent evidence suggests a link between periodontitis (PD) and hypertension, but the nature of this association remains unclear. The overall aim of this review was to critically appraise the evidence linking these two common disorders. Systematic search was conducted for studies published up to December 2018.

Cholecystokinin Modulates the Mucosal Inflammatory Response and Prevents the Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction.

The intestinal mucosa plays a critical role in the organism, acting as an interface between the lamina propria and the harmful antigens in the lumen. Sepsis is associated with primary injury to the intestinal mucosa, which in turn induces bacterial translocation and hyperpermeability. Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a peptide synthesized by several cell types, whose immunomodulatory activity has been reported in experimental models of inflammation.

Dexamethasone Prevents Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in Rat Ileum.

Inflammatory mediators have been postulated as elementary inducing factors to the disruption of the intestinal tight junctions (TJ) and consequently, gut permeability and bacterial translocation. Corticosteroids are considered the mainstay in the treatment of septic shock; however, the impact of this therapy on the intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction during septic shock remains unknown. Our aims were to demonstrate the role of low dexamethasone (DEX) doses in modulation of the inflammatory response, as well as the expression and the arrangement of TJ proteins in endotoxemic rats.