Diffuse polypoid lesions of the digestive tract in severe hypogammaglobulinemia.

We present a case report of diffuse polypoid lesions of the digestive tract in which multiple endoscopic techniques (upper endoscopy, colonoscopy, and capsule endoscopy) were performed in order to complete and refine the diagnosis in a patient with severe hypogammaglobulinemia with recurrent infections, bronchiectasies and diffuse nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of the digestive tract. In patients with hypogammaglobulinemia, the endoscopic evaluation of the digestive tract might be mandatory, even in asymptomatic patients. The complete assessment should include the upper endoscopy and colonoscopy with multiple biopsies and, if possible, capsule endoscopy.

[Celiac disease: diagnostic criteria and impact of gluten free diet--patients' perspective].

Unlabelled: Clinical, serological and histological remission in celiac disease is strictly related to long life complete exclusion of gluten from the diet. Because celiac disease is an autoimmune systemic disorder the potential complications include a wide spectrum with two severe long-term morbidities: osteoporosis and malignancy. Gluten free diet, easy to be recommended, is difficult to be followed.

[Respiratory symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux in children].

In the current pediatric practice, respiratory symptoms are one of the most common reasons that lead to referral to a pediatric specialist. Although most such symptoms are generated by respiratory causes, mainly infectious ones, sometimes extra-respiratory pathogenesis is involved. In the last twenty years, pediatric gastroesophageal reflux (GER) has been more frequently recognized both because the increased awareness of the disease and the progresses concerning the diagnostic techniques.

[Cardiac failure in the newborn. Diagnostic pitfalls].

Echocardiography commonly represents the diagnostic clue in neonatal heart failure (HF). Congenital heart diseases are the most frequent causes of HF in this age group. Arterio-venous malformations are the most common noncardiac causes of HF.