[Small volume resuscitation for acute intraoperative haemorrhage: comparison of 7.5% saline and 6% hydroxyethyl starch].

Background: The immediate effect of acute haemorrhage is a significant reduction in tissue blood flow, frequently resulting in haemorrhagic shock. The main aim of resuscitation after bleeding is the immediate restoration of intravascular volume. Intravenous administration of volume expanders should be commenced immediately, regardless of whether they are colloids or electrolytes.

The aac(6')Ib gene in Proteus mirabilis strains resistant to aminoglycosides.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of aac(6')-Ib gene conferring resistance to aminoglycosides in Proteus mirabilis strains. Five isolates had aac(6')-Ib gene. In one case the gene was no-expressed.

The KPC type beta-lactamases: new enzymes that confer resistance to carbapenems in Gram-negative bacilli.

Antimicrobial resistance due to the continuous selective pressure from widespread use of antimicrobials in humans, animals and agriculture has been a growing problem for last decades. KPC beta-lactamases hydrolyzed beta-lactams of all classes. Especially, carbapenem antibiotics are hydrolyzed more efficiency than other beta-lactam antibiotics.