Attempts to preserve and visualize protein corona on the surface of biological nanoparticles in blood serum using photomodification.

A protein corona is present on any nanoparticle (NP) entering biological fluids; however, the existence of a natural protein corona on natural NPs has not been experimentally confirmed. We used our previously developed photomodification method to fix the natural corona on "biological nanoparticles" (bio-NPs) in fetal bovine serum and newborn bovine serum; native sera served as a control. To isolate photomodified bio-NPs, we used ultracentrifugation (UC), sucrose gradient (12%, 30%, and 50%), and sucrose cushion (30%) methods.

Fixation and Visualization of Full Protein Corona on Lipid Surface of Composite Nanoconstruction.

Spontaneous sorption of proteins on the nanoparticles' surface leads to the fact that nanoparticles in biological media are always enveloped by a layer of proteins-the protein corona. Corona proteins affect the properties of nanoparticles and their behavior in a biological environment. In this regard, knowledge about the composition of the corona is a necessary element for the development of nanomedicine.

Changes in the Ultrastructure of Cells Make It Possible to Identify and Analyze the Injuring Effects of Ciprofloxacin, Polycationic Amphiphile and Their Hybrid.

The purposeful development of synthetic antibacterial compounds requires an understanding of the relationship between effects of compounds and their chemical structure. This knowledge can be obtained by studying changes in bacteria ultrastructure under the action of antibacterial compounds of a certain chemical structure. Our study was aimed at examination of ultrastructural changes in cells caused by polycationic amphiphile based on 1,4‒diazabicyclo[2.

The Composition of Small Extracellular Vesicles (sEVs) in the Blood Plasma of Colorectal Cancer Patients Reflects the Presence of Metabolic Syndrome and Correlates with Angiogenesis and the Effectiveness of Thermoradiation Therapy.

The majority of colorectal cancer patients (CRCPs) develop tumors on the background of "metabolically healthy obesity" or metabolic syndrome. The aim of the work was to study the levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and heat shock proteins (HSPs) on the surface of blood plasma CD9-positive and FABP4-positive small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) from CRCPs depending on metabolic status and tumor angiogenesis, as well as to evaluate the sEVs markers as predictors of the effectiveness of thermoradiotherapy. In CRCPs, compared with patients with colorectal polyps (CPPs), the proportion of triple positive EVs and EVs with the MMP9+MMP2-TIMP1+ phenotype increased significantly among FABP4-positive EVs (adipocyte-derived EVs), which in general may indicate the overexpression of MMP9 and TIMP1 by adipocytes or adipose tissue macrophages in CRCPs.

Exosomal Protease Cargo as Prognostic Biomarker in Colorectal Cancer.

Objective: The aim of the study was to develop a model for predicting cancer risk in colorectal polyps' patients (CPPs), as well as to reveal additional prognosis factors for Stage III colorectal cancer based on differences in subpopulations of tetraspanins, tetraspanin-associated and tetraspanin-non-associated proteases in blood plasma exosomes of CPPs and colorectal cancer patients (CRCPs).

Methods: The subpopulations of CD151- and Tspan8-positive exosomes, the subpopulations of metalloproteinase at the surface of СD9-positive exosomes and the level of 20S proteasomes in plasma exosomes in 15 CPPs (tubulovillous adenomas) and 60 CRCPs were evaluated using flow cytometry and Western blotting. Logistic regression analysis was performed to predict cancer risk of CPPs.

Amphiphilic "Like-a-Brush" Oligonucleotide Conjugates with Three Dodecyl Chains: Self-Assembly Features of Novel Scaffold Compounds for Nucleic Acids Delivery.

The conjugation of lipophilic groups to oligonucleotides is a promising approach for improving nucleic acid-based therapeutics' intracellular delivery. Lipid oligonucleotide conjugates can self-aggregate in aqueous solution, which gains much attention due to the formation of micellar particles suitable for cell endocytosis. Here, we describe self-association features of novel "like-a-brush" oligonucleotide conjugates bearing three dodecyl chains.

Extra Purified Exosomes from Human Placenta Contain An Unpredictable Small Number of Different Major Proteins.

Exosomes are nanovesicles (30-100 nm) containing various RNAs and different proteins. Exosomes are important in intracellular communication, immune function, etc. Exosomes from different sources including placenta were mainly obtained by different types of centrifugation and ultracentrifugations and were reported to contain from a few dozen to thousands of different proteins.

Relation between Tetraspanin- Associated and Tetraspanin- Non- Associated Exosomal Proteases and Metabolic Syndrome in Colorectal Cancer Patients.

Purpose: Exosomal proteases are important in regulation of molecular signaling from growth factor receptors and adhesion molecules and also the regulation of cell motility and protein folding. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of ADAM10, ADAM17 and 20S proteasomes in exosomes isolated from colorectal cancer patients (CRCPs) in relation with clinical and histopathological parameters. Methods: Blood plasma exosomes of 60 CRCPs at stage T2-4N0-2M0-1 and 10 control subjects (CSs) with colorectal polyps were isolated using ultrafiltration in combination with ultracentrifugation.

Metalloproteinases at the surface of small extrcellular vesicles in advanced ovarian cancer: Relationships with ascites volume and peritoneal canceromatosis index.

Metalloproteinases and their extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) play an essential role in the regulation of signaling from growth factors receptors and adhesion molecules, cell motility and extracellular matrix degradation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between the levels of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) metalloproteinases, such as ADAM10, ADAM17, MMP2, MMP9 and EMMPRIN and ascites volume and peritoneal canceromatosis index in advanced ovarian cancer patients (OCPs). The subpopulations of metalloproteinases at the surface of sEVs of borderline ovarian tumor patients (BOTPs) (n = 20, 36.

Protease Cargo in Circulating Exosomes of Breast Cancer and Ovarian Cancer Patients.

Background: As is known, exosomes play an important role in promoting progression of cancers by increasing its invasive potential. The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of tetraspanine-associated (ADAM-10) and tetraspanine-nonassociated proteases (20S proteasomes) in exosomes from culture medium, plasma exosomes of patients with breast tumors and plasma and ascites of ovarian tumor patients. Methods: MCF-7 and SVO-3 culture mediums and blood samples from healthy females (n = 30, HFs), patients with diffuse dyshormonal dysplasia of the breast (n=28, BBTPs), breast cancer patients (n=32, BCPs), borderline ovarian tumor patients (n=20, BOTPs) and blood and ascites samples ovarian cancer patients (n=35, OCPs) were included in the study.

Purified horse milk exosomes contain an unpredictable small number of major proteins.

Exosomes are 40-100 nm nanovesicles containing RNA and different proteins. Exosomes containing proteins, lipids, mRNAs, and microRNAs are important in intracellular communication and immune function. Exosomes from different sources are usually obtained by combination of centrifugation and ultracentrifugation and according to published data can contain from a few dozens to thousands of different proteins.

Comparative Study of Extracellular Vesicles from the Urine of Healthy Individuals and Prostate Cancer Patients.

Recent studies suggest that extracellular vesicles may be the key to timely diagnosis and monitoring of genito-urological malignancies. In this study we investigated the composition and content of extracellular vesicles found in the urine of healthy donors and prostate cancer patients. Urine of 14 PCa patients and 20 healthy volunteers was clarified by low-speed centrifugation and total extracellular vesicles fraction was obtain by high-speed centrifugation.