The Mirror Theory: Parallels between Open Angle and Angle Closure Glaucoma.

Glaucoma is a widespread ophthalmological disease, with a high impact and frequent visual morbidity. While the physiopathology of the two types of primary glaucoma (open angle and angle closure) has been studied, there seems to be little relationship between the two. In this study, we gather clinical and preclinical data to support the idea that the two primary glaucomas are "mirrored" in terms of morphological parameters and disease physiopathology.

Cervical intranodal schwannoma - a rare diagnosis.

Intranodal schwannoma is a rare benign tumor, which originates from the peripheral nerve sheath (Schwann cells), fewer cases being reported with lymphatic involvement. We present the case of a middle-aged female patient, with one-year growing mass in the lateral-cervical area, in intimate relation with the vascular package of the neck. Preoperative cervical computed tomography examination showed the tumor features.

Ultrasound biomicroscopy as a vital tool in occult phacomorphic glaucoma.

Ultrasound is a fundamental tool used in all medical specialties, including ophthalmology. Nowadays, ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM), a method with higher resolution, allows the investigation of in vivo details of the anterior segment of the eye at microscopic resolution. The examination is especially useful in patients with secondary glaucoma that involves a lens component such as phacomorphic glaucoma and occult phacomorphic glaucoma (OPG).

[The role of ultrasonography exam in orbital-ocular tumors].

Ophthalmology is one of the specialties that have particularly benefited from the contribution of ultrasonography exam as a method of investigation. Ultrasonography is very much essential for diagnostic to complement other clinical and laboratory investigations, providing images in real time. The basic principle of diagnostic ultrasound is to study and to interpret the changes they undergo when crossing ultrasonic waves diverse biological properties different sound, and such injuries can be traced in the dynamics or can be documented on photographic paper and thus can diagnose correct certain eye diseases.

[Genetic implications and therapeutic possibilities in the course of hereditary macular pathology and vitreoretinopathies].

There are many hereditary diseases in ophthalmology including retinal dystrophies--diseases of great heterogeneity requiring genetic determination, individual or in entire family.

[Effect of hemodialysis in retinal circulations].

In patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis were recorded and studied by various authors multiple eye damage with time. Studying the literature we conducted a study to assess the impact of intradialitic-interdialitic and postdialitic volemic game above the retinal circulation. By measuring diameters of retinal circulation after processing the digital fundus, we found that, 30 minutes after hemodialysis session takes a degree of dilatation of retinal vessels, permanent vascular insult that can be responsible for stroke and ischamic eye and coronary diseases of these patients.

[Posttraumatic hyphema with secondary glaucoma].

The authors present in detail (symptoms, signs, predisposing factors, complications, treatment) one of the most common signs seen in the eyeball contusion--traumatic hiphema. There are presented concepts for proper treatment of hiphema with secondary glaucoma and for relapsing hiphema.

[The impact of hemodialysis on retinal circulation].

In patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis were recorded and studied by various authors multiple eye damage with time. Studying the literature we conducted a study to assess the impact of intradialitic-interdialitic and postdialitic volemic game above the retinal circulation. By measuring diameters of retinal circulation after processing the digital fundus, we found that, 30 minutes after hemodialysis session takes a degree of dilatation of retinal vessels, permanent vascular insult that can be responsible for stroke and ischamic eye and coronary diseases of these patients.

[Normal tension glaucoma].

Normal Tension Glaucoma is known to be a special form of glaucoma which is still a matter of dispute in its etymologic, diagnostic, therapeutic aspects and in its terminology. The diagnosis of normal tension glaucoma is by elimination of other disorders by pachymetry, tonometric curve, neurologic examination and sometimes MRI. What remains may be a locus minoris of general pathology.

The surface of the eye--a superficial entity with deep repercussions.

The surface of the eye is an anatomical and functional entity with a relatively recent delimitation but with significant therapeutic and diagnostic consequences. The pathology of the conjunctive and cornea must be approached by looking at the interrelations between the two tissues that are so different anatomically and functionally but in the same time form a unit in structuring the eye's surface. There are two major categories of relations between the two tissues: one of them is mediated by lachrymal secretion, a process whose complexity is not yet fully understood, and the other is germinal, referring to the stem cells located at the limbus which become epithelial cornea cells that can fixate lachrymal fluid.