A proof-of-concept study for the efficacy of dispirotripiperazine PDSTP in a rabbit model of herpes simplex epithelial keratitis.

Herpes simplex keratitis is an important infectious cause of blindness worldwide. The mainstay of antiviral therapy is treatment with long-established nucleoside analogues orally or topically. However, the emergence of resistant strains may become a major health concern in the future.

[Antiviral activity of the organic germanium complex with aciclovir against herpes simplex virus (Herpesviridae: Alphaherpesvirinae: Simplexvirus: Human alphaherpesvirus 1/2) in the in vitro and in vivo systems].

Introduction: A significant increase in the incidence of various forms of herpesvirus infection (HVI) determines the need to search for new approaches to the modification of one of the basic antiviral drugs aciclovir (ACV) and its dosage forms to improve their biopharmaceutical characteristics and increase the effectiveness of therapy. In this aspect, an innovative organic germanium complex with aciclovir (OGCA) is promising.The aim of the study was to assess the antiviral activity of OGCA against the herpes simplex virus (HSV) (human herpes virus, HHV) on the HVI models both in vitro and in vivo.

[Study of the antiviral activity of the liquid corneal storage medium in relation to the herpes simplex virus ].

Unlabelled: The aim of the study was to assess the antiviral activity of the 7 types of liquid corneal storage medium on an experimental model of herpesvirus infection in vitro.

Material And Methods: The study of antiviral activity of 7 samples of liquid corneal storage medium on a model of herpesvirus infection caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1 in Vero-cell using virological and statistical research methods was carried out.

Results And Discussion: All the studied images of the corneal storage medium, including the Borzenka-Moroz base medium, did not have a cytotoxic effect on Vero cell culture.

Development of the suppository form of human immunoglobulin preparation with high titers of antibodies to herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 for the treatment of chronic forms of herpetic disease.

In spite of the vast arsenal of therapeutic agents, therapy of herpes virus infection (HVI) is very difficult, particularly in pregnant women, newborns and children in the first years of life, as well as in patients with immune deficiency. In this regard, possibility of using immunoglobulins for the treatment of HVI is currently attracting the attention of doctors. The aim of this work was to develop a suppository form of the drug containing donor immunoglobulins with high levels of neutralizing antibodies to herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 for the treatment of chronic forms of herpetic disease.

[THE SPECTRUM OF MARKERS OF HERPES VIRAL INFECTIONS AND ALGORITHM OF THEIR LABORATORY DIAGNOSTIC IN CHILDREN WITH INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES OF UPPER RESPIRATORY WAYS AND ENT-ORGANS].

The purpose of study is to explore markers of persistent herpes viral infections in children with inflammatory processes of upper respiratory ways and ENT-organs. The sampling included 118 examined patients aged from 1 month to 17 years. The complex of standardized viral, immunological, molecular genetic methods was applied to detect (to exclude) herpes infection: cytomegalovirus infection, Epstein-Barre virus infection, simplex herpes virus infection.

[Evaluating the effectiveness of Solanum tuberosum shoots extract in experimental ocular herpes].

Unlabelled: Ocular herpes (OH) is an infectious disease caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV) characterized by a variable clinical presentation and often accompanied by complications that may lead to deterioration of visual functions, cataract development, or even blindness. Its treatment is arduous. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness, tolerability, and safety of Panavir eye drops in a rabbit model of OH.

[THE USE OF CYCLOFERON FOR THE TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF INFLUENZA AND ACUTE RESPIRATORY VIRAL INFECTIONS].

Results of the use of cycloferon, a low molecular weight inducer of interferon production, for the treatment and prevention of influenza and acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) in adults and children are presented It was shown to reduce symptoms of these diseases and their duration, correct disbalanced activity of the immune system, prevent complications, decrease the frequency of influenza and ARVI. The effectiveness of cycloferon did not depend on etiology of the disease.

[Results of using Solanum tuberosum sprouts extract for the treatment of ophthalmoherpes].

The efficacy, tolerability and safety of the extract of Solanum tuberosum sprouts (Panavir eyedrops) have been studied on the model of ophthalmic disorder in rabbits caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1. It is established that Panavir applied via 6 instillations per day for a period of days has potent therapeutic efficacy and prevents the development of gross corneal opacity in rabbits. Instillation of Panavir eyedrops does not cause irritation, toxic and allergic effects and are well tolerated by rabbits.

[Cycloferon and management of herpes virus infection].

The treatment of patients with various forms of herpes requires a complex approach with using chemo- and immunotropic drugs. The use of Cycloferon, an interferon inductor (12.5% injection solution, 150 mg tablets or 5% liniment) was shown efficient.

[Vaccines as an approach to the immunocorrection in herpetic infections].

Development of vaccines for immunologic correction in herpetic infections is an important problem that raises a growing concern worldwide. The data on the experimental studies of the efficacy of an inactivated whole-virion vaccine against herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and -2) using an animal model are discussed. The results of the multiyear application of the vaccine to ophthalmology and dermatology practice are also presented.

[Immunomodulators and specific inactivated vaccines in urgent prophylaxis under experimental arboviral infection].

A reliable protective activity of the home-manufactured immunomodulators (ridostin, polyribonate glucosemuramyl-dipeptide, Mylife, and peptidoglycane-160) was detected in mice. The mice were infected with the equine eastern encephalomyelitis virus (EEEV, an alphavirus), or with the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), or the yellow fever (YF) virus (both flaviviruses). The effect of the urgent vaccination reliably increases when the vaccination is combined with the immunomodulators listed above.

[Efficiency of coadministration of immunomodulators and vaccine in an experiment on tick-borne encephalitis].

Experiments on a tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) model in CBA and BALB/c mice demonstrated that immunomodulators (ridostin, polyribonate, and peptidoglycan-160) and a specific vaccine against TBE were significantly effective in increasing the level of a protective effect and life expectancy in the experimental group as compared to the control group. The findings allow one to recommend the immunomodulator ridostin in combination with the inactivated vaccine for the emergency prophylaxis of TBE in its virus-infected subjects in the foci of infection.

[Combined effects of immunomodulators and specific inactivated vaccines against alpha- and flavivirus infections].

The combined effects of immunomodulators, such as ridostin, polyribonate, glucose muramyl dipeptide, and peptidoglycan-160, and specific vaccines on survival of mice with alpha- (eastern equine encephalitis) and flavivirus (tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) infections were found to be significant. In alphavirus infection, the combined effects of the specific vaccine and ridostin were accompanied by increases in specific humoral immunity (specific antibodies) and cellular immunity (adoptive transfer of immune lymphocytes). The concurrent use of the specific vaccine and the immunomodulator ridostin is recommended in clinical trials of TBE in the foci of infection.

Functional activity of peritoneal macrophages from sensitive and resistant mouse strains during intravaginal infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 and mucosal vaccination.

In the early period after intravaginal infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (2 h), macrophages from sensitive DBA/2 mice were characterized by higher capacity to engulf the antigen, decreased function of the lysosomal apparatus, lower activity of cathepsin D, and reduced oxygen metabolism compared to cells from resistant BALB/c mice. Mucosal vaccination with herpes vaccine and hyaluronic acid promoted the increase in functional activity of macrophages and improved survival of sensitive mice (by 60%).

3D molecular modeling, free radical modulating and immune cells signaling activities of the novel peptidomimetic L-glutamyl-histamine: possible immunostimulating role.

An original representative of the patented by author family of histamine-containing peptidomimetics L-glutamyl-histamine (L-Glu-Hist) was synthesized and characterized as a biologically active compound with a role of cytokine mimic leading to cellular responses of improved specificity. The study assesses the ability of L-Glu-Hist to affect molecular modeling, modulate free radical activity and influence immune cell signaling. The energy-minimized 3D conformations of L-Glu-Hist derived from its chemical structure resulted in stabilization for Fe2+ chelating complexes.

Immunostimulating activities of the novel peptidomimetic L-glutamyl-histamine.

An original representative of histamine-containing peptidomimetics L-glutamyl-histamine (L-Glu-Hist) was synthesized and characterized as a cytokine mimic leading to cellular responses of improved specificity. The energy-minimized 3-D conformations of L-Glu-Hist derived from its chemical structure resulted in stabilization for Fe(2+) chelating complexes. L-Glu-Hist accelerated the decrease of ferrous iron in the ferrous sulphate solution in a concentration-dependent mode and showed the ferroxidase-like activity at concentrations less than 3 mm in the phenanthroline assay, whereas in the concentration range 3-20 mm L-Glu-Hist restricted the availability of Fe(2+) to phenanthroline due to binding of ferrous ions in chelating complexes.

[Antiviral activity of human recombinant gamma-interferon and recombinant hybrid protein of tumor necrosis factor-alpha-thymosin-alpha1 on models of herpes-virus and cytomegalovirus infection in vitro].

The conducted studies showed a certain efficiency of gene-engineering preparation of IFN-gamma and TNF-T in virus infections caused by herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) in cell cultures of human embryo fibroblast (HEF). The drugs have no viricidal action. IFN-gamma, when used according to the treatment scheme in vitro, proved to be more effective versus TMF-T both in HSV-2 and in CMV.

[Polymorphism of herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 DNA from laboratory strains and clinical material from patient with genital herpes].

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), that can amplify a fragment of the DNA-polymerase gene of 4 herpes viruses, i.e. herpes simplex viruses, type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex viruses, type 2 (HSV-2), Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus, was made use of to study the genetic polymorphism of HSV-1 and HSV-2 strains.

[The antiviral activity of peptide immunomodulator "Gepon" in experimental infections caused by herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2].

Experimental data are reported on the antiviral activity of peptide immune-modulator "Gepon" in infections caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV), types 1 and 2, in vitro and in vivo. The drug proved to be non-toxic and did not possess any viricidal action. Its antiviral effect was registered in experiments with a multiple-infection cells' culture.

[Virus isolated in the human blood leukocyte culture and its interaction with hepatitis C and G viruses].

Electrone-microscopic investigations are indicative of that the cultures of healthy donors, stimulated by phytohemagglutinin (PHA), can be successfully used to study the etiology of parenterally transmitted hepatitis. An electronic-microscopic study of a virus, isolated from the blood serum of a patient with hepatitis on the basis of the PHA-stimulated human leukocyte cultures and named a hepatitis leukocytic virus (HLV), enabled, by using the negative contrasting method, to detect viral particles of the hexagonal shape, sized 50-65 nm, with a coating divided by a 4-5 nm light space. Therefore, the HLV was described as belonging to the Flaviviridae family.

[Combined use of killed vaccines and immunomodulator ridostin for urgent prevention of epidemic stomatitis, Aujeszky disease and carnivore plague in experiment].

Results of experimental studies of mice and pigs infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus, minks infected with Aujeszky's disease virus, and dogs infected with canine distemper virus are described. In animals with foot-and-mouth disease and Aujeszky's disease, combined treatment with killed vaccine and immunomodulator Ridostin by the scheme of urgent prophylaxis (3 days before infection) caused 75% (foot-and-mouth disease) and 100% (Aujeszky's disease) prevention of animal death and development of generalized infection. The use of Ridostin by the scheme of urgent prophylaxis in a canine distemper infection focus arrested clinical symptoms of the disease in 50% of animals received immunomodulator.

[Therapeutic effect of gefin, a new antiviral drug, in experimental genital herpes ].

Antiviral activity of Gefin was studied in guinea pigs infected with herpes simplex virus (HSV-2). Up to 54.9% animals challenged with HSV survived after 7-day treatment with Gefin (3 local applications a day).

[Development of a suppository form of the interferon inducer poludan and potentiation of its action by hyaluronic acid].

A promising dosage form of interferon inductor poludan has been developed for the treatment of patients with genital herpes and ophthalmic herpes: suppositoria. High interferon-producing and antiviral activity of poludan in suppositoria is potentiated by hyaluronic acid and antioxidants.

Cellular signalling and free-radical modulating activities of the novel peptidomimetic L-glutamyl-histamine.

A novel histamine-containing peptidomimetic, L-glutamyl-histamine (L-Glu-Hist), has been synthesized and characterized as a possible cytokine mimic which might lead to cellular responses of improved specificity. The energy-minimized 3-D conformations of L-Glu-Hist derived from its chemical structure stabilize Fe2+-chelating complexes. L-Glu-Hist concentration-dependently accelerates a decrease in ferrous iron in ferrous sulfate solution and shows ferroxidase-like activity at concentrations less than 3 mM in the phenanthroline assay, whereas in the concentration range 3-20 mM it restricts the availability of Fe2+ to phenanthroline by chelation of iron ions.