Genetic diversity of merozoite surface protein-5 (MSP-5) of Plasmodium vivax isolates from Malaria patients in Iran.

Malaria has not yet been eradicated in Iran, and Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax) is the main cause of malaria in the country. This study aimed to investigate and analyze the amount of genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax merozoite surface protein-5 (PvMSP-5) exon 1 gene in the southeast of Iran.

Associations between Infection and Multiple Sclerosis: A Case-Control Seroprevalence Study.

Background: Currently, there are conflicting reports on the associations between infection and multiple sclerosis (MS) in humans. In the present study, a case-control study was carried out to assess associations between seropositivity to infection and MS.

Methods: This case-control study was carried out on 200 MS patients (cases) attended in Sina Hospital affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, and 200 healthy subjects from the general population of the same city, March to July 2017.

Molecular Identification of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Species in the Northcentral Iranian Province of Alborz: Is There a New Focus on Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the Province?

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an endemic infection in the Middle East, including Iran that is also spreading to new foci. We aimed to determine the leishmaniasis species causing CL in Alborz province.

Methods: Overall, out of 55-suspected CL patients referred to health centers in Alborz Province, north central Iran in 2019, 40 patients had positive smear for CL based on optical microscopy.

Prevalence of spp. in children and the elderly in southwestern Iran.

Aim: The current study investigated the prevalence of spp. among children under 6 and adults over 60 years of age with diarrhea in the southwest of Iran.

Background: Cryptosporidiosis is an opportunistic parasitic infection caused by the species that causes gastrointestinal complications and diarrhea.

Unraveling the role of natural killer cells in leishmaniasis.

NK cells are known as frontline responders that are efficient in combating several maladies as well as leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania spp. As such they are being investigated to be used for adoptive transfer therapy and vaccine. In spite of the lack of antigen-specific receptors at their surface, NK cells can selectively recognize pathogens, accomplished by the activation of the receptors on the NK cell surface and also as the result of their effector functions.

Key plasma microRNAs variations in patients with malaria in Iran.

Introduction: As the cause of RBC infection and splenomegaly, malaria remains a major parasitic disease in the world. New specific biomarkers such as MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are developed to accurately diagnose malaria and clarify its pathologic changes. This study aimed at evaluating changes in the plasma miRNAs markers of in patients with malaria in Chabahar, Iran.

Anti-Leishmanial Activity of Artemisia persica, , and against .

Background: Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) like zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL), is a widespread infectious disease with high mortality and morbidity. Various medications are used for treating the disease, but several side effects and drug resistance have been reported. Herbal medicines are unlimited sources for discovering new medications to treat infectious diseases.

The Drug Resistance of and in Iran: A Review Article.

Background: One of the main obstacles to malaria control in the world has been the emergence of resistance in to chloroquine and other anti-malarial drugs. This study aimed to review studies in Iran on resistance in and to drugs, and to reveal the mechanisms and molecular markers of resistance of these two species.

Methods: The databases of PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Magiran, and reputable Iranian journals were searched to find published studies on the resistance in and to antimalarial drugs in Iran.

Molecular and microscopic prevalence of intestinal microsporidia among HIV+/AIDS patients in the Alborz province, Iran.

Background: Microsporidia are a large family of obligate intracellular protozoa; these medically important species are recognized as opportunistic agents in intestinal complications in HIV+/AIDS patients.

Methods: The current cross-sectional study was designed and conducted from October 2018 to June 2019 to determine intestinal microsporidia in HIV+/AIDS patients by trichrome/Zeihl-Neelsen staining and SYBR Green-based real-time PCR.

Results: Out of 80 HIV+/AIDS patients, 23.

Seroepidemiological study of toxoplasmosis in women referred to a pre-marriage counseling center in Alborz Province, Iran.

Objectives: The aim of the current study was to assess prevalence of Toxoplasma infection and its associated risk factors in women of childbearing-age in central Iran.

Results: Of 400 serum samples assessed for anti-T. gondii antibodies, 81 (20.

Molecular and Seroepidemiological Survey of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Owned Dogs () in New Foci of Rural Areas of Alborz Province, Central Part of Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study in 2017.

Background: Mediterranean form of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is endemic among some provinces of Iran. The present study was designed to determine the prevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) in the owned dogs of the rural areas of Alborz Province near Tehran as the capital of Iran.

Methods: This study conducted on 303 owned dogs that selected using a stratified random sampling method.

Evaluating the preventive and curative effects of Toxocara canis larva in Freund's complete adjuvant-induced arthritis.

Helminthic infection and the parallel host immune reactions are the results of a protracted dynamic co-interaction between the host and worms. An assessment of the effect of Toxocara canis infection on arthritis in rats stimulated by Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) was the main purpose of the investigation. An arthritis model was established by the administration of 0.

Genetic Diversity in C-terminal of SERA5 Gene in the Blood Stage of Human Isolates of in Sistan and Baluchistan, Iran.

Background: malaria is more prevalent in the malarious areas of Iran, which makes vaccine research a high priority. Serine Repeat Antigens (SERA) have essential role in the parasite life cycle and high expression profiles of PvSERA5 make it suitable vaccine candidates. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity of C-terminal region of PvSERA5 in Iranian isolates of in Sistan and Baluchistan.

Paediatric visceral leishmaniasis: a retrospective study on clinical manifestations, demographic features and laboratory findings of hospitalised cases in Iran between 2006 and 2016.

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a neglected disease. Our retrospective study describes 38 clinical and epidemiological characteristics of VL in patients admitted to a paediatric hospital in Tehran, Iran, who came from different geographical regions, indicating that the disease has spread to most parts of the country. Some 76.

The effect of chloroquine dose and primaquine on Plasmodium vivax recurrence: a WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network systematic review and individual patient pooled meta-analysis.

Background: Chloroquine remains the mainstay of treatment for Plasmodium vivax malaria despite increasing reports of treatment failure. We did a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effect of chloroquine dose and the addition of primaquine on the risk of recurrent vivax malaria across different settings.

Methods: A systematic review done in MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews identified P vivax clinical trials published between Jan 1, 2000, and March 22, 2017.

Visceral Leishmaniasis in Rural Areas of Alborz Province of Iran and Implication to Health Policy.

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) or kala-azar mainly affects children in endemic areas. This study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of VL using direct agglutination test (DAT) in children living in rural districts of Alborz Province located 30 km from Tehran capital city of Iran. Multi-stage cluster random sampling was applied.

Detection of mixed-species infections of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax by nested PCR and rapid diagnostic tests in southeastern Iran.

Coexistence of two species of Plasmodium in a single host has disrupted the diagnosis and treatment of malaria. This study was designed to evaluate the ability of rapid diagnostic test (RDT) kits for the diagnosis of mixed-species malaria infections in southeastern Iran. A total of 100 malaria patients were included in the study out of 164 randomly suspected symptomatic malaria patients from May to November 2012.

Genetic Variation and Selection of Domain I of the Plasmodium vivax Apical Membrane Antigen-1(AMA-1) Gene in Clinical Isolates from Iran.

Background: Apical Membrane antigen 1 (AMA-1) is positioned on the surface of merozoite and it may play a role in attack to red blood cells. The main aim of present study was to determine the genetic variation, as well as, to detect of selection at domain I of AMA-1 gene Plasmodium vivax isolates in Iran.

Methods: Blood samples were collected from 58 patients positive for P.

Genetic diversity and natural selection at the domain I of apical membrane antigen-1 (AMA-1) of Plasmodium falciparum in isolates from Iran.

The apical membrane antigen-1 (AMA-1) of Plasmodium falciparum is a prime malaria asexual blood-stage vaccine candidate. Antigenic variation is one of the main obstacles in the development of a universal effective malaria vaccine. The extracellular region of P.

Genetic polymorphism at the C-terminal domain (region III) of knob-associated histidine-rich protein (KAHRP) of Plasmodium falciparum in isolates from Iran.

The knob-associated histidine-rich protein (KAHRP) plays a major role in the virulence of Plasmodium falciparum and is one of the targets for molecular therapy. The primary structure of KAHRP of P. falciparum consists of three domains (regions I-III), of which the C-terminal domain (region III) is the most polymorphic segment of this protein.

Genetic diversity in merozoite surface protein (MSP)-1 and MSP-2 genes of Plasmodium falciparum in a major endemic region of Iran.

Merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1) and merozoite surface protein-2 (MSP-2) were used to develop vaccines and to investigate the genetic diversity in Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Iran. Nested polymerase chain reaction amplification was used to determine polymorphisms of block 2 of the MSP-1 and the central domain of MSP-2 genes. A total of 67 microscopically positive P.

Genotypes and in vivo resistance of Plasmodium falciparum isolates in an endemic region of Iran.

Mutations in the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) and dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) genes of Plasmodium falciparum have been correlated with and used to detect antifolate treatment failure, such as sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), in regions endemic for malaria. To determine the association between molecular markers of SP resistance and in vivo drug resistance, a quick and simple technique that detects single nucleotide polymorphisms in the DHFR and DHPS genes, using PCR-ELISA and sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes, was applied to 53 isolates obtained from an in vivo study in Sistan and Baluchistan Province, in southeastern Iran. Overall, 11.