The effect of crystalloid infusion on body water content and intra-abdominal pressure in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery under spinal anesthesia.

Background: Crystalloids are frequently used for the correction of spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension, intraoperative bleeding, or vaporisation from surgical wounds.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to observe the effect of perioperative crystalloid infusion on intraabdominal pressure (IAP), volume excess (VE), total body water (TBW), and extracellular body water (ECW) in patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery under spinal anesthesia.

Material And Methods: Adult patients undergoing hip or knee replacement were studied.

Modelling Transcapillary Transport of Fluid and Proteins in Hemodialysis Patients.

Background: The kinetics of protein transport to and from the vascular compartment play a major role in the determination of fluid balance and plasma refilling during hemodialysis (HD) sessions. In this study we propose a whole-body mathematical model describing water and protein shifts across the capillary membrane during HD and compare its output to clinical data while evaluating the impact of choosing specific values for selected parameters.

Methods: The model follows a two-compartment structure (vascular and interstitial space) and is based on balance equations of protein mass and water volume in each compartment.

[Medical conditions of depression in end-stage renal disease patients treated on hemodialysis].

Unlabelled: Depression is the most common psychological problem encountered among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in these patients. Chronic inflammation is known to play an important role in the pathophysiology of depression, and levels of proinflammatory cytokines are increased in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients. The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence and degree of depression as measured using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) in relation with nutrition, inflammation and biochemical dialysis adequacy parameters.

Nutrition and hydration status improve with exercise training using stationary cycling during hemodialysis (HD) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are functionally limited as a consequence of their physical, emotional, and social problems. Exercise intolerance is a major problem in chronic renal failure. Stationary cycle training during hemodialysis is recommended as safe, effective, and practical in ESRD patients treated on hemodialysis.