Validity and Reliability of 2 Cirrus Optical Coherence Tomography Procedures for Measuring Objective Ocular Torsion.

Purpose: Torsional eye position by the disc-fovea angle (DFA) is a relevant objective parameter in vertical strabismus. DFA measurement with optical coherence tomography (OCT) has proven to be a good alternative to the gold standard measurement in fundus photography. Our study aims to analyze the validity and reliability of 2 undescribed Cirrus high-definition OCT (HD-OCT; Carl Zeiss Meditec) methods that offer clinical advantages for measuring objective cycloposition in normal patients compared with Spectralis spectral-domain OCT (Heidelberg Engineering) and the reference method.

c.6480-35A>G, a novel branchpoint variant associated with Stargardt disease.

Inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs) can be caused by variants in more than 280 genes. The ATP-binding cassette transporter type A4 () gene is one of these genes and has been linked to Stargardt disease type 1 (STGD1), fundus flavimaculatus, cone-rod dystrophy (CRD), and pan-retinal CRD. Approximately 25% of the reported variants affect RNA splicing.

PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY-INDUCED ACUTE EXUDATIVE MACULOPATHY IN A CASE SERIES OF CIRCUMSCRIBED CHOROIDAL HEMANGIOMA.

Purpose: To describe the incidence, features, and clinical outcomes of photodynamic therapy-induced acute exudative maculopathy (PAEM) in circumscribed choroidal hemangioma.

Methods: Prospective series of 10 patients who underwent standard-fluence photodynamic therapy for circumscribed choroidal hemangioma. Best-corrected visual acuity in the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Score and swept-source optical coherence tomography were performed before PDT and 3 days and 1 month after PDT.

Intervortex Venous Anastomosis in the Macula in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Imaged by En Face Optical Coherence Tomography.

Purpose: To assess the presence of macular intervortex venous anastomosis in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) patients using en face optical coherence tomography (EF-OCT).

Methods: A cross-sectional study where EF-OCT 6 × 6 and 12 × 12 mm macular scans of patients with unilateral chronic CSCR were evaluated for anastomosis between vortex vein systems in the central macula. The presence of prominent anastomoses was defined as a connection with a diameter ≥150 µm between the inferotemporal and superotemporal vortex vein systems which crossed the temporal raphe.

Sudden Consecutive Bilateral Amaurosis Secondary to Central Retinal Artery Occlusion After Kidney Transplantation.

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a medical emergency, considered a stroke equivalent by the American Heart Association. There are a few reported cases of bilateral CRAO, most of them occurring in the context of a systemic predisposing condition. We present a case of bilateral CRAO following kidney transplantation.

Long-Term Consequences of COVID-19 Lockdown in Neovascular AMD Patients in Spain: Structural and Functional Outcomes after 1 Year of Standard Follow-Up and Treatment.

Consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical care have been extensively analyzed. Specifically, in ophthalmology practice, patients suffering age-related macular degeneration (AMD) represent one of the most affected subgroups. After reporting the acute consequences of treatment suspension in neovascular AMD, we have now evaluated these same 242 patients (270 eyes) to assess if prior functional and anatomical situations can be restored after twelve months of regular follow-up and treatment.

ACUTE EXUDATIVE MACULOPATHY AND BACILLARY LAYER DETACHMENT IN PATIENTS WITH CENTRAL SEROUS CHORIORETINOPATHY AFTER PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY.

Purpose: To describe the incidence and characteristics of photodynamic therapy-induced acute exudative maculopathy (PAEM) and bacillary layer detachment in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy.

Methods: This was a prospective observational case series including 92 eyes of 75 patients who underwent photodynamic therapy. Best-corrected visual acuity, optical coherence tomography, and optical coherence tomography angiography were performed before, 3 days, 1 month, and 3 months after half-fluence photodynamic therapy.

Minimal detectable change of the disc-fovea angle for ocular torsion assessment.

Purpose: The disc-fovea angle (DFA) is used as a relevant indicator of ocular torsion change in cyclovertical strabismus. However, interpretation of the variation in time must differentiate whether a real change has occurred or if the disparity is due to random measurement error. The aim of the study was to obtain the minimal detectable change (MDC) of the DFA.

Effect of COVID-19 Lockdown in Spain on Structural and Functional Outcomes of Neovascular AMD Patients.

This is a retrospective single-center study of patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration whose follow-up was delayed due to COVID-19 pandemic with at least three months between visits in Madrid, Spain. The purpose of the study was to evaluate best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) changes and try to identify features in optical coherence tomography (OCT) that could be related to more profound visual loss. It included 270 eyes.

Impact of ocular dominance on circumpapillary and macular retinal nerve fibre layer thickness and ganglion cell layer thickness in a healthy pediatric population.

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate potential differences in circumpapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (cpRNFL) thickness and segmented macular retinal layers between dominant and nondominant eyes on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in a pediatric population.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Participants: 89 healthy children attending a general pediatric clinic.

Validity and Reliability of Semiautomatic Ocular Cycloposition Measurement With Spectralis Optical Coherence Tomography.

Purpose: Disc-fovea angle determined by fundus photography (P-DFA) is considered the gold standard for cycloposition assessment. Fovea-to-disc alignment (FoDi) software of the spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) (Spectralis) also measures the DFA (O-DFA) based on subject fixation and offers important clinical advantages. This study aimed to analyze the validity and reliability of measuring cycloposition using OCT and to determine its performance in eyes with poor foveal definition.

Long-term effect of intravitreal ranibizumab therapy on retinal nerve fiber layer in eyes with exudative age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To investigate long-term effect (96 months) of intravitreal ranibizumab administered for exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) on retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness when used following a pro re nata regimen.

Methods: In this prospective study, 20 eyes of 20 patients diagnosed with exudative AMD were included. Contralateral non-exudative AMD eyes of nine of these patients were included as controls.

Systemic Effects of Repeated Intraocular Dexamethasone Intravitreal Implant in Diabetic Patients: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction: The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of repeated intraocular dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex) injections on metabolic control in type 2 diabetic patients.

Methods: Retrospective study of 165 type 2 diabetic patients starting Ozurdex treatment who received no less than three consecutive injections. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum creatinine, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides (TGs) were evaluated during 15 months of follow-up after Ozurdex treatment onset.

ARMS2 A69S polymorphism is associated with the number of ranibizumab injections needed for exudative age-related macular degeneration in a pro re nata regimen during 4 years of follow-up.

Purpose: To investigate whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) known to be strongly associated with the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) have an influence on recurrence rate of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) activity during 4-year ranibizumab treatment for exudative AMD.

Methods: This prospective study included 103 treatment-naïve patients (103 eyes) that received initially a loading dose of 3 monthly ranibizumab injections and thereafter, were treated according to an as-needed regimen for a 4-year follow-up period. Baseline values, visual outcome, and recurrence rate were examined.

DIFFERENTIAL MACULAR FEATURES ON OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY IN EYES WITH CHOROIDAL NEVUS AND MELANOMA.

Purpose: To evaluate optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) characteristics of macular vascular details in eyes with choroidal nevus and melanoma, compared with unaffected contralateral eye.

Methods: Retrospective comparative analysis comprising 70 patients with choroidal nevus and 36 patients with choroidal melanoma examined with optical coherence tomography angiography. Measurements included central macular thickness (CMT), superficial (sFAZ) and deep (dFAZ) foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, and superficial (sCVD) and deep (dCVD) capillary vascular density (CVD).

Rotation of retinal vascular arcades and comparison with disc-fovea angle in the assessment of cycloposition.

Background/aims: To assess the agreement between disc-fovea angle (DFA) and the retinal vascular arcades rotation to measure cycloposition. Device repeatability and reproducibility between observers were also evaluated.

Methods: Cycloplegic retinography was taken in 321 eyes of 165 normal patients and repeated in 18 eyes at least 24 h later.

Clinical relevance of foveal location on retinal nerve fiber layer thickness using the new FoDi software in spectralis optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of improper foveal location on retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measurements by using the new FoDi software in spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (Spectralis SDOCT).

Methods: Cross-sectional study with 126 subjects: 66 healthy, 30 early, and 30 moderate glaucomatous eyes. Fast RNFL scans were performed by using the new FoDi technology.

Topical intraocular pressure therapy effects on pregnancy.

Purpose: To assess the course of intraocular pressure (IOP), visual field progression, and adverse effects of antiglaucoma medication used during pregnancy.

Methods: Thirteen eyes of eight patients with glaucoma were examined. Their clinical records were reviewed to compare IOP, number of medications, and visual field indices (VFI) before, during, and after pregnancy using a two-tailed paired t-test.