Minimal Detectable Change Scores and Factors Associated With Dynamic Exertion Test (EXiT) Performance After Sport-Related Concussion.

Background: Factors associated with performance outside of a normative range on dynamic exertion test (EXiT) after sport-related concussion (SRC) remain unknown. This study examined the role of demographic and medical history factors on performance using minimal detectable change (MDC) cutoff scores in athletes being cleared to return to sport (RTS) from SRC.

Hypothesis: Older age, being female, and body mass index (BMI) ≥50th percentile would be associated with worse EXiT performance and with increased likelihood of falling outside the normative MDC score range.

Immediate post-concussion assessment and cognitive testing Pediatric (ImPACT Pediatric) change scores and factors associated with performance in patients aged 5-9 years following concussion: Preliminary findings.

Background: Computerized neurocognitive testing is one component of a multidomain assessment of concussion. However, the use of computerized neurocognitive testing has been limited to patients aged 11 years and up, leaving clinicians with few options to evaluate younger children.

Purpose: To examine the change in Immediate Post-concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing Pediatric (ImPACT Pediatric) (ImPACT Applications, 2021) scores and factors associated with performance in children aged 5-9 years following a concussion.

Impact of Sex and Pubertal Development on Anxiety in Adolescents After Concussion.

Concussion often results in psychological symptoms, including anxiety. Post-concussion anxiety has been well documented, although much of this research has focused on collegiate athletes. The purpose of this study was to compare (1) anxiety symptoms in concussed and healthy controls over time and (2) to explore sex differences in post-concussion anxiety within the context of pubertal development.

Evaluating Recovery After Two and Three Repeated Concussions Using Growth Curves.

The results of prior research concerning the effects of repeated concussions have been mixed. The aim of this study was to evaluate how concussion outcomes and presentation changed within patients who were evaluated at a concussion specialty clinic multiple times with a concussion. Subjects included 202 patients (54% male) aged 10-21 years (M = 13.

Multidomain Predictors of Protracted Recovery following Concussion Among 5- to 9-Year-Old Patients: A Preliminary Study.

Objective: To determine which components from a multidomain assessment best predict protracted recovery in pediatric patients with a concussion.

Study Design: A prospective cohort of patients aged 5-9 years who presented within 21 days of concussion to a specialty clinic were categorized into normal (≤30 days) and protracted (>30 days) recovery. Participants provided demographic and medical history information, and completed the Child Sport Concussion Assessment Tool-5 symptom report and balance assessment, the Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screen-Child (VOMS-C), and the Pediatric Immediate Post-concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing.

A Common Data Element-Based Adjudication Process for mTBI Clinical Profiles: A Targeted Multidomain Clinical Trial Preliminary Study.

Introduction: The primary purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and percent agreement of clinician-identified mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) clinical profiles and cutoff scores for selected Federal Interagency Traumatic Brain Injury Research common data elements (CDEs). A secondary purpose was to investigate the predictive value of established CDE assessments in determining clinical profiles in adults with mTBI.

Materials And Methods: Seventy-one (23 males; 48 females) participants (M = 29.

Temporal Changes in Fixational Eye Movements After Concussion in Adolescents and Adults: Preliminary Findings.

Concussions often involve ocular impairment and symptoms such as convergence insufficiency, accommodative insufficiency, blurred vision, diplopia, eye strain, and pain. Current clinical assessments of ocular function and symptoms rely on subjective symptom reporting and/or involve lengthy administration time. More objective, brief assessments of ocular function following concussion are warranted.

Targeted multidomain intervention for complex mTBI: protocol for a multisite randomized controlled trial in military-age civilians.

Background: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) affects ~18,000 military personnel each year, and although most will recover in 3-4 weeks, many experience persisting symptoms and impairment lasting months or longer. Current standard of care for U.S.

Discriminating Young Children with Concussion in an Outpatient Specialty Clinic from Healthy Controls Using the Child Sports Concussion Assessment Tool-5.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical utility of the Sports Concussion Assessment Tool-5 Child (Child SCAT5) in an outpatient specialty clinic sample of children aged 5-9 years.

Study Design: Ninety-six children within 30 days of a concussion (mean = 8.90 ± 5.

Neck Symptoms and Associated Clinical Outcomes in Patients Following Concussion.

Objective: To examine the frequency and association of neck pain symptoms in patients with a concussion.

Study Setting And Participants: Three-hundred and thirty-one consecutively enrolled patients aged 9 to 68 years with a diagnosed concussion 1 to 384 days post-injury were enrolled at a concussion clinic from a single integrated healthcare system in Western Pennsylvania between 2019 and 2021.

Design: Retrospective cohort analysis of prospectively collected concussion screening tool intake survey responses and clinical outcomes data.

The Effects of Rest on Concussion Symptom Resolution and Recovery Time: A Meta-analytic Review and Subgroup Analysis of 4329 Patients.

Background: Numerous individual studies suggest that rest may have a negative effect on outcomes following concussion.

Purpose: To perform a systematic meta-analysis of the effects of prescribed rest compared with active interventions after concussion.

Study Design: Meta-analysis; Level of evidence, 4.

The Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening-Child (VOMS-C) tool for concussion evaluation in 5- to 9-year-old pediatric patients: preliminary evidence.

Objective: Vestibular and ocular motor dysfunction occurs in an estimated 60%-90% of concussion patients. The Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) tool is validated for use in concussion patients older than 9 years. The goal of the current study was to adapt the current VOMS tool for a pediatric sample of children aged 5-9 years and establish its clinical utility in this patient population.

Association of Multidomain Assessment Outcomes With Referral for Vestibular Therapy After Concussion.

Context: Multiple aspects of a multidomain assessment have been validated for identifying concussion; however, researchers have yet to determine which components are related to referral for vestibular therapy.

Objective: To identify which variables from a multidomain assessment were associated with receiving a referral for vestibular therapy after a concussion.

Design: Retrospective chart review, level of evidence 3.

Estimated Duration of Continued Sport Participation Following Concussions and Its Association with Recovery Outcomes in Collegiate Athletes: Findings from the NCAA/DoD CARE Consortium.

Background: Continued participation after sport-related concussion (SRC) worsens outcomes, but it is unknown if duration of continued participation after SRC impacts recovery outcomes, and which athletes who continue to participate are at greatest risk for poor SRC outcomes. The purpose of this National Collegiate Athletic Association/Department of Defense (NCAA/DoD) Concussion Assessment, Research, and Education (CARE) Consortium study was to evaluate the association of estimated duration of continued participation after SRC with symptom severity and recovery time in collegiate athletes.

Methods: Clinicians estimated if/how long athletes continued participation after SRC.

Minimum detectable change and false positive rates of the vestibular/ocular motor screening (VOMS) tool: an NCAA-DoD care consortium analysis.

Objective: To derive minimum detectable change (MDC) across individual Vestibular-Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) items and VOMS overall score in 17-25 years old collegiate athletes and to examine false positive rates.

Method: Participants (n = 378) completed VOMS pre-season for two consecutive years. MDC was identified for individual VOMS symptom items and NPC distance (cm).

Lower post-injury psychological resilience is associated with increased recovery time and symptom burden following sport-related concussion.

The purpose of this study was to compare athletes with high and low resilience scores on concussion outcomes, and identify significant predictors associated with protracted recovery (>30 days). Forty-five adolescent and young adult athletes (28 males; aged 15.13 ± 2.

Is Overparenting Associated with Adolescent/Young Adult Emotional Functioning and Clinical Outcomes Following Concussion?

Overparenting (O-P), or "helicopter" parenting, has warranted increased attention across the past decade. It is characterized as being overly involved, protective, and low on granting autonomy, and is associated with deleterious psychosocial outcomes outside of the concussion literature. This study examined the association of overparenting and patient emotional distress and clinical outcomes (i.

The relationship between accelerometer-measured sleep and next day ecological momentary assessment symptom report during sport-related concussion recovery.

Objectives: Research examining sleep and concussion symptoms following sport-related concussion (SRC) is limited by retrospective self-report rather than objective data from wearable technology and real-time symptom report. The purpose of this study is to use actigraphy and ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to examine the relationship between sleep parameters and next day symptoms.

Methods: Seventeen athletes (47.

Predictors of poor reading performance in student-athletes following sport-related concussion.

The goal of the current study was to determine which sport/recreation-related concussion (SRC) assessments predict academic reading performance following SRC. The study included 70 concussed students aged 14-22 years ( = 16.21,  = 1.

Influence of Sleep Dysfunction on Concussion Assessment Outcomes Among Adolescent Athletes After Concussion and Healthy Controls.

Background: Sleep dysfunction (SD) is associated with a high symptom burden and lower neurocognitive performance after concussion and on baseline testing without injury. However, few studies have compared concussed athletes and controls with and without SD on clinical outcomes.

Objective: To evaluate differences in clinical outcomes among both concussed athletes and matched controls with and without SD.

Exploring the effect of napping on sleep quality and duration in collegiate athletes.

The purpose of this study was to extend research on napping and sleep behaviors in collegiate athletes, and to compare nappers and non-nappers on sleep quality and duration. Current varsity, club, and intramural athletes between 18-29 years completed the Short Napping Behavior Scale, Pittsburgh Quality Sleep Index, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Approximately 72% (129/179) reported napping.

Clinical predictors of post-injury anxiety in adolescent patients following concussion.

The purpose of the current study was to examine predictors (e.g., pre-injury anxiety and sub-types, concussion symptom severity, neurocognitive performance, and vestibular/ocular-motor impairment) of post-injury anxiety scores following concussion among youth aged 10-18 years.

Association of sleep symptoms with mood and vestibular subtypes following sport-related concussion.

Sport-related concussion (SRC) is a heterogenous injury with diverse symptoms and impairments that can be aggregated into clinical subtypes (cognitive, headache/migraine, vestibular, ocular-motor, anxiety/mood). Sleep disruption has been defined as potential exacerbating conditions that may accompany the five clinical subtypes. The authors sought to better characterize the role of impaired sleep in each clinical subtype and to identify other risk factors for sleep impairment after SRC.