Salt-related practices and its association with 24-hour urinary sodium excretion in an Uruguayan population cohort.

Objectives: To evaluate the association between knowledge, attitudes, and behavior (KAB) towards sodium use and sodium intake measured by 24-hour urinary collection in an adult cohort from Uruguay (Genotype Phenotype and Environment of Hypertension Study, GEFA-HT-UY).

Methods: In a cross-sectional study (n = 159), a single 24-hour urinary sample, participants' physical, biochemical and blood pressure measurements and questionnaire data were collected. The association between KAB and 24-hour urinary sodium excretion was assessed using general linear models.

Association of Dietary Patterns with Cardiovascular and Kidney Phenotypes in an Uruguayan Population Cohort.

The impact of habitual diet on chronic diseases has not been extensively characterized in South America. We aimed to identify major dietary patterns (DP) in an adult cohort in Uruguay (Genotype Phenotype and Environment of Hypertension Study-GEFA-HT-UY) and to assess associations with metabolic, anthropometric characteristics, and cardiovascular and kidney phenotypes. In a cross-sectional study ( = 294), DP were derived by the principal component analysis.

Aortopathy and regurgitation in bicuspid valve patients increase the risk of aortopathy in relatives.

Background: Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most frequent cardiac congenital valvular disease. Although the BAV risk of first degree relatives (FDR) has been assessed (7-9%), there is little information as to the heritable risk for aortopathy.

Objective: Identify the specific risk for regional aortopathy in FDR with tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) of BAV patients according to their aortic phenotype and aortic regurgitation (AR).

Blood Pressure in relation to 24-Hour Urinary Sodium and Potassium Excretion in a Uruguayan Population Sample.

Many public health policies in Latin America target an optimized sodium and potassium intake. The aims of this study were to assess the sodium and potassium intake using 24-hour urinary analysis and to study their association with blood pressure in a Uruguayan population cohort using cluster analysis. A total of 149 participants (aged 20-85 years) were included in the study, and office blood pressure, anthropometric measurements, biochemical parameters in the blood, and 24-hour urine samples were obtained.

The Diurnal Profile of Central Hemodynamics in a General Uruguayan Population.

Background: No previous population study assessed the diurnal profile of central arterial properties.

Methods: In 167 participants (mean age, 56.1 years; 63.

Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Cystatin C versus Creatinine in a Uruguayan Population.

Background. Estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from biomarkers has evolved and multiple equations are available to estimate renal function at bedside. Methods.

Quality of the blood pressure phenotype in the GEnotipo, Fenotipo y Ambiente de la hipertensión arterial en UruguaY (GEFA-HT-UY) study.

Background: In the ongoing GEnotipo, Fenotipo y Ambiente de la HiperTensión Arterial en UruguaY (GEFA-HT-UY) study, we applied standardized epidemiological methods to determine complex phenotypes including blood pressure (BP). In this report, we present the quality control of the conventionally measured BP.

Methods: Three trained observers measured BP five times consecutively in the seated position at each of two home visits and one clinic visit according to the guidelines of the European Society of Hypertension.

Pulse wave velocity as marker of preclinical arterial disease: reference levels in a uruguayan population considering wave detection algorithms, path lengths, aging, and blood pressure.

Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) has emerged as the gold standard for non-invasive evaluation of aortic stiffness; absence of standardized methodologies of study and lack of normal and reference values have limited a wider clinical implementation. This work was carried out in a Uruguayan (South American) population in order to characterize normal, reference, and threshold levels of PWV considering normal age-related changes in PWV and the prevailing blood pressure level during the study. A conservative approach was used, and we excluded symptomatic subjects; subjects with history of cardiovascular (CV) disease, diabetes mellitus or renal failure; subjects with traditional CV risk factors (other than age and gender); asymptomatic subjects with atherosclerotic plaques in carotid arteries; patients taking anti-hypertensives or lipid-lowering medications.

Uruguay eHealth initiative: preliminary studies regarding an integrated approach to evaluate vascular age and preclinical atherosclerosis (CUiiDARTE project).

In this work we present an initiative to develop a national (Uruguayan) program to evaluate vascular age and to detect pre-clinical atherosclerosis using: gold-standard technologies; complimentary and integrative approaches to asses arterial functional and structural indexes; data bases systems to process, analyze and determine normal and reference values and to identify the most sensitive markers of vascular changes for different ages. We evaluated, in a Uruguayan population complementary structural and functional vascular parameters that associate aging-related changes and are considered markers of sub-clinical atherosclerosis. Traditional CV risk factors were assessed.

Integrated Evaluation of Age-Related Changes in Structural and Functional Vascular Parameters Used to Assess Arterial Aging, Subclinical Atherosclerosis, and Cardiovascular Risk in Uruguayan Adults: CUiiDARTE Project.

This work was carried out in a Uruguayan (South American) population to characterize aging-associated physiological arterial changes. Parameters markers of subclinical atherosclerosis and that associate age-related changes were evaluated in healthy people. A conservative approach was used and people with nonphysiological and pathological conditions were excluded.

Rust urine after intense hand drumming is caused by extracorpuscular hemolysis.

Background And Objectives: During Carnival, groups of > or =60 drummers go drumming with their hands and marching for periods of 2 to 4 h. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency and type of urinary abnormalities after candombe drumming and to evaluate possible pathogenic mechanisms.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: For analysis of pathogenic mechanisms, a group of individuals were prospectively evaluated before and after candombe drumming.