Cognitive decline in older persons initiating anticholinergic medications.

Background: This study examines the effect of initiating medications with anticholinergic activity on the cognitive functions of older persons.

Methods: Participants were 896 older community-dwelling, Catholic clergy without baseline dementia. Medication data was collected annually.

Processing speed and executive abilities in children with phenylketonuria.

Objective: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a hereditary metabolic disorder that often results in neuropsychological impairment, even in individuals treated early and continuously. This study was conducted to examine processing speed, variability in processing speed, and the relationship between processing speed variables and executive abilities in children with early and continuously treated PKU.

Method: Participants were 42 children with PKU and 81 typically developing children from 7 to 18 years of age.

Home/community monitoring using telephonic follow-up.

Service members who have had a traumatic brain injury (TBI) in a war theatre [Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF)] may have associated injuries far different and/or more complex (i.e., polytrauma) than injuries obtained outside the theatre of operation.

Effects of chronic swim stress on EtOH-related behaviors in C57BL/6J, DBA/2J and BALB/cByJ mice.

There is a strong clinical relationship between stress and stress-related disorders and the incidence of alcohol abuse and alcoholism, and this relationship appears to be partly genetic in origin. There are marked strain differences in ethanol (EtOH)-related behaviors and reactivity to stress, but little investigation of the interaction between the two. The present study assessed the effects of chronic exposure to swim stress on EtOH-related behavior in three common inbred strains of mice, C57BL/6J, DBA/2J and BALB/cByJ.