Infection by Trichosporon Inkin in Lung Transplant: Rare Infection, or Not So Rare?

The incidence of invasive fungal infections has increased in recent years among transplant patients, with Trichosporon inkin being a rare but relevant etiological agent. This study examines the experience of our multidisciplinary lung transplant unit in the diagnosis and treatment of 6 cases of T. inkin infection in transplant patients from 2016 to 2023.

Impact of Telomere Shortening on Post-transplant Outcomes in Interstitial Lung Disease.

Shortened telomere length (STL) is associated with increased rates of interstitial lung diseases, malignancy, hematological disorders, and immunosuppressive treatment toxicities. In this single-center retrospective study, we aim to determine whether patients with interstitial lung diseases who have STL, as determined by quantitative PCR of buccal epithelial cells, exhibit worse post-transplant outcomes compared to recipients with normal telomere length. In our series of 26 patients, STL was associated with a higher incidence of chronic kidney disease following lung transplantation (100% vs 55%, P = .

Everolimus Treatment for Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction in Lung Transplantation.

Unlabelled: Our study aims to evaluate the effect of everolimus treatment on lung function in lung transplant (LT) patients with established chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD).

Methods: This retrospective study included LT patients in two reference LT units who started everolimus therapy to treat CLAD from October 2008 to October 2016. We assessed the variation in the maximum forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV) before and after the treatment.

Health-Related Quality of Life Long-Term Study in Lung Transplant Patients: A Single-Center Experience.

Introduction: Health-related quality of life (HRQL) assessment plays a crucial role in the follow-up care of lung transplanted (LTx) patients. Previous reports have indicated that the HRQL achieved by these patients is often poorer compared to that of healthy individuals. However, the factors contributing to this lower HRQL remain unclear.

Immunity After Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2 in Lung Transplant?

Background: SARS-CoV2 infection causes high morbidity and mortality in lung transplant (LT) recipients. Vaccination with messenger RNA vaccines has been shown to play a key role in controlling the severity of infection in the general population. The aim of our study is to analyze whether vaccination with 2 doses of SARS-Cov2 provides immunity in LT recipients.

Antifibrotics and lung transplantation: A Spanish multicentre case-controlled study.

Background And Objective: Antifibrotic drugs are the standard treatments for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). This study aims to assess the safety of antifibrotic treatment in IPF patients undergoing lung transplantation.

Methods: Patients with a diagnosis of IPF who received a lung transplant between January 2015 and June 2019 at four Spanish hospitals specialized in lung transplantation were retrospectively recruited.

Long-Term Effect of Noninvasive Ventilation on Diaphragm in Chronic Respiratory Failure.

Purpose: Home non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is recommended in patients with COPD and hypercapnic chronic respiratory failure (HCRF). The mechanism by it can improve alveolar ventilation during spontaneous breathing is not yet completely explained. Our aim is to evaluate the impact of on diaphragm muscle function in a series of patients with HCRF.

Influence of Cytomegalovirus on the Survival of Cytomegalovirus-Seropositive Lung Transplant.

Background: The primary aim of this study was to analyze the survival of patients undergoing lung transplant (LT) with cytomegalovirus (CMV)-positive serologies at the time of transplantation, according to the presence of CMV events and according to the severity of these events. The secondary objective was to assess whether there are differences in the incidence of chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) according to the presence of these events.

Methods: This was an observational, single-center, retrospective study.

Antithymocyte Globulin Treatment for Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction in Lung Transplant Recipients: Experience From a National Reference Transplant Center.

Background: Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) is the leading cause of mortality after the first year of transplantation and treatments can have little impact on CLAD progression in some cases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of antithymocyte globulin (ATG) in lung transplant recipients with CLAD.

Methods: We reviewed all patients from our center that had undergone a lung transplant between 2008 and 2019 and selected those with CLAD who were treated with ATG.

Role of Polymorphisms in the Susceptibility and Severity of Interstitial Lung Disease.

The search for biomarkers that can help to establish an early diagnosis and prognosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) is of potential interest. polymorphisms have been implicated in the development of several lung disorders. Consequently, we assessed, for the first time, the role of polymorphisms in the susceptibility and severity of ILD.

Radiological Findings in Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) of Hereditary and Sporadic Pulmonary Veno-Occlusive Disease: Certainties and Uncertainties.

Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) is a very infrequent form of pulmonary arterial hypertension with an aggressive clinical course, poor response to specific vasodilator treatment, and low survival. Confirming a definitive diagnosis is essential to guide treatment and assess lung transplantation. However, in the absence of histological or genetic confirmation, the diagnosis is complex, requiring a clinical suspicion.

Influence of MUC5B gene on antisynthetase syndrome.

MUC5B rs35705950 (G/T) is strongly associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and also contributes to the risk of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA-ILD) and chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (CHP). Due to this, we evaluated the implication of MUC5B rs35705950 in antisynthetase syndrome (ASSD), a pathology characterised by a high ILD incidence. 160 patients with ASSD (142 with ILD associated with ASSD [ASSD-ILD+]), 232 with ILD unrelated to ASSD (comprising 161 IPF, 27 RA-ILD and 44 CHP) and 534 healthy controls were genotyped.

Morbidity and mortality of serious gastrointestinal complications after lung transplantation.

Background: Gastrointestinal complications after lung transplatation are associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. This study aims to describe severe gastrointestinal complications (SGC) after lung transplantation.

Methods: We performed a prospective, observational study that included 136 lung transplant patients during a seven year period in a tertiary care universitary hospital.

Esophageal motor disorders are frequent during pre and post lung transplantation. Can they influence lung rejection?

Background: lung transplantation (LTx) is a viable option for most patients with end-stage lung diseases. Esophageal motor disorders (EMD) are frequent in candidates for LTx, but there is very little data about changes in esophageal motility post-LTx.

Aim: the aim of our study was to assess esophageal motor disorders by high resolution manometry (HRM) both pre-LTx and six months post-LTx in patients with and without organ rejection.

Experience with leflunomide as treatment and as secondary prophylaxis for cytomegalovirus infection in lung transplant recipients: A case series and review of the literature.

Background: Data concerning the use of leflunomide-a drug approved for rheumatoid arthritis with in vitro anticytomegalovirus (CMV) activity-in lung transplant (LT) recipients are scarce.

Aims: To report the use of leflunomide in LT recipients diagnosed with CMV infection/disease.

Material And Methods: We performed a single-center retrospective study including LT recipients who received leflunomide for CMV infection or as secondary prophylaxis after viremia clearance.

Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome in patients with severe chronic respiratory insufficiency.

Introduction And Objective: Although sleep disordered breathing is common in patients with a severe chronic respiratory insufficiency (SCRI), there is few information on its prevalence. Our aim was to describe the prevalence and characteristics of the obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in these patients.

Material And Methods: Prospective and observational study carried out on patients with a SCRI included in a waiting list for a lung transplantation and who had undergone a standard polysomnography.

Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders and Lung Transplantation.

Aim: Sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD) are common in patients with lung transplantation (LT); however, there are few data about its prevalence, and none about its pathogenesis or evolution. The SRBD events consist mainly obstructive, central, and mixed apnea, as well as hypopneas. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of SRBD before the LT, and its evolution after a period of 1 year follow-up.

Treatment of bronchus intermedius stenosis in lung transplantation with Montgomery T-tube stent. A novel technique.

Airway complications after lung transplant are relatively common although the rates vary according to the different studies. Pathogenesis is diverse but the principal mechanism is usually bronchus intermedius ischemia in the post-transplant period. One major complication is bronchial stenosis, with relatively frequent involvement of the bronchus intermedius in the case of right lung transplantation.

Recommendations of diagnosis and treatment of pleural effusion. Update.

Although during the last few years there have been several important changes in the diagnostic or therapeutic methods, pleural effusion is still one of the diseases that the respiratory specialist have to evaluate frequently. The aim of this paper is to update the knowledge about pleural effusions, rather than to review the causes of pleural diseases exhaustively. These recommendations have a longer extension for the subjects with a direct clinical usefulness, but a slight update of other pleural diseases has been also included.