Unique circulating microRNA associations with dysglycemia in people living with HIV and alcohol use.

People living with HIV (PLWH) have increased prevalence of comorbid conditions including insulin resistance and at-risk alcohol use. Circulating microRNAs (miRs) may serve as minimally invasive indicators of pathophysiological states. We aimed to identify whether alcohol modulates circulating miR associations with measures of glucose/insulin dynamics in PLWH.

Alcohol use and dysglycemia among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the Alcohol & Metabolic Comorbidities in PLWH: Evidence Driven Interventions (ALIVE-Ex) study.

Background: At-risk alcohol use is a common and costly form of substance misuse that is highly prevalent among people living with HIV (PLWH). The goal of the current analysis was to test the hypothesis that PLWH with at-risk alcohol use are more likely to meet the clinical criteria for prediabetes/diabetes than PLWH with low-risk alcohol use.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed on measures of alcohol and glycemic control in adult PLWH (n = 105) enrolled in a prospective, interventional study (the ALIVE-Ex Study (NCT03299205)) that investigated the effects of aerobic exercise on metabolic dysregulation in PLWH with at-risk alcohol use.

Chronic Alcohol Dysregulates Skeletal Muscle Myogenic Gene Expression after Hind Limb Immobilization in Female Rats.

Alcohol use and aging are risk factors for falls requiring immobilization and leading to skeletal muscle atrophy. Skeletal muscle regeneration is integral to post-immobilization recovery. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of alcohol and ovarian hormone loss on the expression of genes implicated in muscle regeneration.

Rapid Implementation of Intraoperative Ultrasonography to Reduce Wire Localization in The Permanente Medical Group.

Context: Preoperative wire localization (WL), the most common localization technique for nonpalpable breast lesions, has drawbacks including scheduling constraints, cost, and patient discomfort.

Objective: To reduce WL use in our health care system, we investigated using hydrogel clips to facilitate intraoperative ultrasonography-guided lumpectomies.

Design: We retrospectively reviewed electronic medical records of patients with nonpalpable, ultrasound-visible breast lesions who underwent lumpectomy by 7 surgeons at 4 pilot sites in Kaiser Permanente Northern California between January 2015 and October 2015.

Neurologic dysfunction and pancytopenia secondary to acquired copper deficiency following duodenal switch: case report and review of the literature.

The duodenal switch (DS) procedure is a type of restrictive-malabsorptive bariatric surgery that is typically reserved for severe morbidly obese people (body mass index >50 kg/m(2)) with obesity-related comorbidities, when diet, lifestyle changes, and pharmacologic therapy fail to achieve adequate weight loss. Patients who undergo the DS procedure are at risk for malabsorption, malnutrition, and nutrient deficiencies. Copper deficiency is a commonly reported long-term complication of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery.

KIR and HLA genotypes are associated with disease progression and survival following autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for high-risk neuroblastoma.

Purpose: NK cells exhibit cytotoxicity against neuroblastoma. Gene polymorphisms governing NK cell function, therefore, may influence prognosis. Two highly polymorphic genetic loci instrumental in determining NK cell responses encode the NK cell killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) and their class I human leukocyte antigen (HLA) ligands.

Vaccination with recombinant NY-ESO-1 protein elicits immunodominant HLA-DR52b-restricted CD4+ T cell responses with a conserved T cell receptor repertoire.

Purpose: ESO is a tumor-specific antigen with wide expression in human tumors of different histologic types and remarkable spontaneous immunogenicity. We have previously shown that specific T(H)1 and antibody responses can be elicited in patients with no detectable preexisting immune responses by vaccination with rESO administered with Montanide ISA-51 and CpG ODN 7909. The purpose of the present study was to characterize vaccine-induced ESO-specific CD4(+) T cell responses.

HLA class I - associated immunodominance affects CTL responsiveness to an ESO recombinant protein tumor antigen vaccine.

Purpose: Vaccination with full-length human tumor antigens aims at inducing or increasing antitumor immune responses, including CD8 CTL in cancer patients across the HLA barrier. We have recently reported that vaccination with a recombinant tumor-specific NY-ESO-1 (ESO) protein, administered with Montanide and CpG resulted in the induction of specific integrated antibody and CD4 T cell responses in all vaccinated patients examined, and significant CTL responses in half of them. Vaccine-induced CTL mostly recognized a single immunodominant region (ESO 81-110).

Completely resected recurrent soft tissue sarcoma: primary anatomic site governs outcomes.

Background: We define the natural history and influence of primary anatomic site for completely resected locally recurrent soft tissue sarcoma (STS) without distant metastasis.

Study Design: We selected 290 patients having at least one local recurrence (LR) after complete resection of primary STS (all sites) between 1982 and 1999. Of these, 239 patients had complete resection of their first LR: 161 extremity-trunk and 78 retroperitoneal-head and neck-visceral-thoracic sarcomas.

Randomized clinical trials in melanoma.

Efforts to improve the survival of patients with metastatic melanoma have led to 67 prospective randomized clinical trials investigating the use of agents comprising three main areas of therapy: systemic chemotherapy-based regimens, immunotherapy, and vaccine therapy