Association of Race or Ethnicity With Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Production in : A Case Control Study.

Background: There are limited and conflicting data regarding the impact of race or ethnicity on the rate of gram-negative antimicrobial resistance. This study was performed to determine whether there is a difference in extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) infection or colonization in minoritized patients when compared to White patients from a diverse US Midwestern city.

Methods: A case control study was performed, with controls with non-ESBL matched 1:1 to patients with ESBL-producing based on age, sex, and ZIP code.

A Scoping Review of Student Pharmacist Participation on Interprofessional Rounds.

Interprofessional rounding is a common, yet unrequired, part of the pharmacy experiential curriculum. Little is known about the optimal interprofessional rounding structure for student pharmacists. A scoping review was performed to assess the amount and type of information available regarding student pharmacist participation on interprofessional rounding teams.

Creation of a Didactic Clinical Pharmacology Lecture Series for Internal Medicine Residents.

Introduction: One of the noted areas of weakness for internal medicine residents is pharmacology. However, there is little data documenting the creation and effect of a comprehensive pharmacology didactic program. Our goal was to create a two-year clinical pharmacology didactic program focused on areas of stated weakness and to evaluate this program for an increase in knowledge and prescribing confidence of the participants.

Reflections on implementation of a failure-point-focused outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy management program.

Management of outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) is complex, and incorporation of a pharmacist can improve outcomes. The creation of new clinical programs is often limited by staffing resources. We describe our collaborative program that utilized a failure-point-focused design process to optimize OPAT activities and management.

Can we do it all? Reflections on the development of a collaborative, three day a week internal medicine rounding experience.

Purpose: Interdisciplinary training is a critical part of pharmacy education, and often much of the interdisciplinary participation occurs during the advanced practice experiences of the final professional year of pharmacy education. Creation and maintenance of these experiences can be difficult for faculty members, especially faculty at community hospitals or those with multiple roles and responsibilities at their practice site. The purpose of this article is to reflect on the development process and student acceptance of a collaborative, three-day a week internal medicine rounding student experience.

A Scoping Review of the Use of Social and Behavioral Change in Acute Care Antimicrobial Stewardship Initiatives.

Antimicrobial stewardship (AS) initiatives are implemented with a goal of reducing antimicrobial resistance. It is unknown exactly how many acute care AS initiatives have since been based on social and behavioral theory. The purpose of this scoping review is to provide an updated review of theory-informed acute care AS initiatives in the published literature, including how social and behavioral theories have been used in the described interventions.

A Scoping Review of Pharmacological Management of Postacute Sequelae of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection in 2021.

Background: Postacute sequelae of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection (PASC), or long-COVID, are signs and symptoms that persist after the acute phase of Coronavirus disease 2019 infection has passed. PASC is newly recognized, and research is ongoing to answer questions about pathology, symptoms, diagnosis, and optimal treatment.

Areas Of Uncertainty: Use of pharmacologic treatment for symptoms of PASC is currently evolving.

The Association of Medication Knowledge and Adherence Scores With Hospital Readmission.

Readmission scoring systems are used to predict 30-day hospital readmission. These prediction tools do not considerlack of patient medication knowledge or adherence which can worsen disease outcomes or increase risk of readmissions. To determine if medication knowledge and adherence, as assessed by validated questionnaires, are associated with an increased rate of 30-day readmission.

Student training for community screening events: Asynchronous and live training comparison.

Introduction: One way pharmacy students contribute to their community while simultaneously practicing critical skills is by providing community blood pressure (BP) and blood glucose (BG) screenings. Instruction on correct techniques ensures student participants obtain accurate results and develop confidence. Previously, community event training had been held live and in person, but due to a curriculum change, an asynchronous online training program was piloted.

Recent Evidence Examining Efficacy and Safety of Aspirin for Primary Cardiovascular Disease Prevention.

Background: Data on aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) are conflicting and changing as new trials are published on the subject.

Objective: To review recent data evaluating the efficacy and safety of aspirin for primary prevention of CVD.

Data Sources: Articles evaluating aspirin for primary prevention of CVD were gathered using a MEDLINE search with the keywords aspirin review, aspirin peripheral artery disease, aspirin stroke, aspirin coronary artery disease, aspirin diabetes, aspirin primary prophylaxis, and aspirin elderly.

Treatment considerations for potential uropathogens detected by precision microbiological testing.

Purpose: The clinical and microbiological data for urinary tract infections (UTIs) for 6 organisms detected by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) at community health systems were examined.

Summary: The use of precision microbiological diagnostic testing such as MALDI-TOF and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction has increased the ability to detect a wider spectrum of organisms. This has raised questions of the clinical relevance of infrequently encountered organisms, especially when cultured from urine.

Evaluation of Corticosteroid Dose in Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Several recent studies have shown that both lower doses and shorter durations of systemic corticosteroids have similar efficacy for treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). However, each trial has limitations that constrain direct applicability to a US hospital population. The aim of this study was to determine whether, in a US community hospital, low doses of corticosteroids provide the lowest risk of adverse effects without increasing length of stay or readmission rate.

Impact of Antibiotic Choice on Pneumonia Readmission Rates.

There are many patient and institutional variables associated with a higher risk of rehospitalization within 30 days of an admission for community-acquired pneumonia. However, less is known regarding the impact of antibiotics. A retrospective cohort study of 271 patients was performed to determine whether, when controlling for known factors for readmission, the choice of antibiotic affects 30-day rehospitalization after an index admission of pneumonia.