Leucocyte and platelet activation in cardiac surgery patients with and without lung injury: A prospective cohort study.

Objections: Development of acute lung injury after cardiac surgery is associated with an unfavourable outcome. Acute respiratory distress syndrome in general is, besides cytokine and interleukin activation, associated with activation of platelets, monocytes and neutrophils. In relation to pulmonary outcome after cardiac surgery, leucocyte and platelet activation is described in animal studies only.

Direct Comparison of Wharton's Jelly and Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells to Enhance Engraftment of Cord Blood CD34(+) Transplants.

Cotransplantation of CD34(+) hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) enhances HSPC engraftment. For these applications, MSCs are mostly obtained from bone marrow (BM). However, MSCs can also be isolated from the Wharton's jelly (WJ) of the human umbilical cord.

Cryopreservation of cord blood CD34+ cells before or after thrombopoietin expansion differentially affects early platelet recovery in NOD SCID mice.

Background: Expansion of human cord blood (CB) CD34+ cells with thrombopoietin (TPO) can accelerate delayed platelet (PLT) recovery after transplantation into immunodeficient mice. Clinical implementation, however, will depend on practical and effective protocols. The best timing of TPO expansion in relation to cryopreservation in this respect is unknown.

No Synergistic Effect of Cotransplantation of MSC and Ex Vivo TPO-Expanded CD34(+) Cord Blood Cells on Platelet Recovery and Bone Marrow Engraftment in NOD SCID Mice.

After cord blood (CB) transplantation, early platelet recovery in immune-deficient mice is obtained by expansion of CB CD34(+) cells with thrombopoietin (TPO) as single growth factor. Moreover, improvement of hematopoietic engraftment has been shown by cotransplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). We investigated whether a combination of both approaches would further enhance the outcome of CB transplantation in NOD SCID mice.

Thrombopoietin treatment of one graft in a double cord blood transplant provides early platelet recovery while contributing to long-term engraftment in NSG mice.

Human cord blood (CB) hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplants demonstrate delayed early neutrophil and platelet recovery and delayed longer term immune reconstitution compared to bone marrow and mobilized peripheral blood transplants. Despite advances in enhancing early neutrophil engraftment, platelet recovery after CB transplantation is not significantly altered when compared to contemporaneous controls. Recent studies have identified a platelet-biased murine HSC subset, maintained by thrombopoietin (TPO), which has enhanced capacity for short- and long-term platelet reconstitution, can self-renew, and can give rise to myeloid- and lymphoid-biased HSCs.