U.S. Physicians' Training and Experience in Providing Trauma-Informed Care in Clinical Settings.

Trauma-informed care (TIC) is a comprehensive approach that focuses on the whole individual. It acknowledges the experiences and symptoms of trauma and their impact on health. TIC prioritizes physical and emotional safety through a relationship of trust that supports patient choice and empowerment.

Maternal executive function and stress and children's behavior problem treatment outcomes.

This prospective, observational study was designed to investigate the relationship of mothers' executive function capacities and parenting stress to early dropout, appointment attendance, and outcomes of in-clinic delivery of parent management training to address children's behavior problems. We hypothesized that mothers' executive functions (EFs) would be prospectively and positively associated with adherence to children's behavioral treatment appointments and reduction in children's behavior problems and that mothers' stress levels would be inversely related to these outcomes. Mothers ( = 288) completed the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function for Adults (EF) and Parenting Stress Index at the beginning of treatment.

Positive adult experiences as turning points for better adult mental health after childhood adversity.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine whether positive adult experiences (PAEs) were associated with lower odds for anxiety and depression even in the presence of high adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) or low positive childhood experiences (PCEs).

Methods: The sample was comprised of 435 adults (48% female), ages 18-56 years and who were living in the United States. Participants completed a survey about their childhood experiences, PAEs, and mental health.

Understanding the relationship between domestic and intimate partner violence, adverse childhood experiences, and chronic opioid use disorder: The patient perspective.

Introduction: Opioid dependence and misuse are a plague of epidemic proportions in our communities and globally. Prior trauma in childhood may contribute to opioid dependence, while one consequence of opioid misuse is increased risk for involvement as both perpetrators and victims in domestic and intimate partner violence (DV and IPV). The aims of this study were to understand the proportion of patients who identified as having an opioid use disorder (OUD), if OUD was associated with higher rates of DV and IPV as both perpetrators and victims, and whether adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) as well as demographic factors related to instability in their social life were higher among those with OUD compared to those without.

A Modified Menstrual Attitudes Scale: Heteronormative Attitudes, Sexism, and Attitudes Toward Menstruation in Male and Female Adults.

Social shame and stigma surround menstruation, which may compromise women's health and rights in various contexts. Men's attitudes are particularly important because men often hold positions of power that influence women's experience. This study examined factors associated with menstrual attitudes, including heteronormative attitudes, sexism, and family influences.

Influence of Social Media Uses and Gratifications on Family Health among U.S. Parents: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Some research suggests that parents on social media have access to greater social support and health information. However, evidence also connects parental social media use to negative outcomes including increased parental stress, depression, and distraction. Using the uses and gratification theory, this study goes beyond measures of parents' individual mental health and explores social media use and its association with family well-being.

Examining relationships between positive and adverse childhood experiences with physical and mental health indicators in a low-income adult sample.

Background: Emerging research on positive and adverse childhood experiences (PCEs and ACEs) indicates that both may be important to adult health, but little is understood about the pathways through which childhood experiences affect adult health.

Objective: The aims of this study were to 1) examine how shame may mediate the relationship between childhood experiences and health, and 2) whether PCEs moderated the relationship between ACEs, shame, and adult health.

Participants And Setting: The sample consisted of 206 low-income adults ages 18-55 who were living in a community in the Intermountain West.

The Association of COVID-19 Stressors and Family Health on Overeating before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Prior studies have examined how stress and the family environment affect overeating, but less is known about how COVID-19 stressors and family health may affect overeating during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research questions included: (1) Did COVID-19-related stressors increase the risk for overeating among adults in the United States? (2) Did family health protect against overeating during a pandemic? The sample included 443 participants aged 18 years and older living in the United States who were recruited via Amazon Mechanical Turk. Stata version 16 was used to analyze the data using multiple linear regression.

Intergenerational Transmission of Trauma: The Mediating Effects of Family Health.

Family health is important to the well-being of individual family members and the collective family unit, and as such, may serve as a mediator for the intergenerational transmission of trauma (ITT). This study aimed to understand the intergenerational impact of parent's adverse and positive childhood experiences (ACEs and PCEs) on their children's adverse family experiences (AFEs) and how family health mediated those relationships. The sample consisted of 482 heterosexual married or cohabiting couples (dyads) in the United States who had a child between the ages of 3 and 13 years old.

Life experience pathways to college student emotional and mental health: A structural equation model.

Previous research suggests that both adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), positive childhood experiences (PCEs), and current life experiences are associated with emotional wellbeing and mental health. The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of these life experience and coping processes on college student emotional and mental health. College students ( 555) were recruited from a large western university.

The effects of COVID-19 stressors and family life on anxiety and depression one-year into the COVID-19 pandemic.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Coronavirus (COVID-19)-related stressors and family health on adult anxiety and depressive symptoms 1 year into the pandemic. The sample consisted of 442 adults living in the United States who were recruited via Amazon Mechanical Turk. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression.

Validation of the family health scale among heterosexual couples: a dyadic analysis.

Background: The Family Health Scale (FHS) is a recently validated comprehensive measure of family health for use in survey research with the potential to also be used as a clinical measure. However, previous research has only validated the FHS among one member of the family rather than multiple family members. The objective of the study was to examine the psychometric properties of the FHS long- and short-form among married and cohabitating partners (dyads).

Family well-being and individual mental health in the early stages of COVID-19.

Background: The objective of the study was to examine the association of COVID-19 with family well-being and adult mental health 1 month into the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Prior pandemics have had long-term effects on mental health. COVID-19 and its related stressors, such as loss of work and social distancing requirements, may have a profound impact on short-term and long-term mental health.

The effects of adverse and advantageous childhood experiences on adult health in a low-income sample.

Background: Previous studies have indicated the advantageous childhood experiences (counter-ACEs) may improve health in adulthood regardless of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) scores. However, these studies have primarily been conducted in low-risk communities, and little is known whether the results are similar in low-income settings.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of ACEs and counter-ACEs on mental and physical health in a low-income sample.

Self-Regulation and Shame as Mediators Between Childhood Experiences and Young Adult Health.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether self-regulation and shame mediated the relationship between adverse and positive childhood experiences (ACEs and PCEs) and young adult health. Data came from the Flourishing Families Project (FFP), a 10-year longitudinal study. Adolescent participants ( = 489; 51% female) completed an annual survey.

Concurrent Childhood Experiences Impact Underage Substance Use.

Adverse and advantageous childhood experiences (ACEs and counter-ACEs) during adolescence are understudied. This study examined how childhood experiences affect youth tobacco/alcohol use. Participants included 489 U.

Effects of positive and negative childhood experiences on adult family health.

Background: The objective of the study was to determine the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and positive childhood experiences (PCEs) with family health in adulthood. Prior research indicates that ACEs and PCEs affect individual physical and mental health in adulthood. However, little is known about how ACEs and PCEs affect family health.

The Family Health Scale: Reliability and Validity of a Short- and Long-Form.

Families strongly influence the health of communities and individuals across the life course, but no validated measure of family health exists. The absence of such a measure has limited the examination of family health trends and the intersection of family health with individual and community health. The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Family Health Scale (FHS), creating a multi-factor long-form and a uniform short-form.

Supporting and Engaging Families: An Examination of Publicly-Funded Health Promotion Programs in the Intermountain West, USA.

Public health programming efforts have traditionally focused on either an individualistic or population approach, neglecting the family as a setting for or partner in health promotion efforts. Due to the multi-faceted influence of families on individual health, family-focused, and family-friendly public health interventions are important to making lasting changes for individual and community health. The purpose of this study was to examine the degree to which health promotion programs in a state in the US Intermountain West involve and support families across four family impact principles: family engagement, family stability, family responsibility, and family diversity.

Families as a Cornerstone in 21st Century Public Health: Recommendations for Research, Education, Policy, and Practice.

Families are vastly overlooked in US initiatives to promote population health and health equity despite being the most proximal context for health across the life course. We urge the public health sector to take the lead in recognizing families as essential for promoting 21st century population health. We highlight ways families influence health by providing context, care, continuity, and connections.

The influence of adverse and advantageous childhood experiences during adolescence on young adult health.

Background: Research indicates that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can lead to poorer adult health, but less is known how advantageous childhood experiences (counter-ACEs) may neutralize the negative effects of ACEs, particularly in young adulthood.

Purpose: We examined the independent contributions of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Advantageous Childhood Experiences (counter-ACEs) that occur during adolescence on five young adult health indicators: depression, anxiety, risky sexual behaviors, substance abuse, and positive body image.

Participants And Setting: The sample included 489 adolescents from a large northwestern city in the United States who were 10-13 years at baseline (51 % female).

Family-Centered Health Promotion: Perspectives for Engaging Families and Achieving Better Health Outcomes.

Communities and populations are comprised of individuals and families who together affect the health of the community. The family unit is an unparalleled player for maintaining health and preventing disease for public health because members may support and nurture one another through life stages. Preliminary research confirms that family-oriented health promotion and disease prevention are promising strategies because the family unit is both a resource and a priority group needing preventative and curative services across the life course.

Childhood experiences and adult health: the moderating effects of temperament.

Existing literature demonstrates a strong relationship between childhood experiences and adult health outcomes. The Differential Susceptibility to Environment Theory suggests that there are several factors, including personality, that affect a child's sensitivity to adverse and advantageous experiences. A sample of 246 adults (ages 19-57) were asked questions about extroverted personality characteristics, adverse and advantageous childhood experiences (ACEs and counter-ACEs), and several indicators of adult health, including executive functioning, perceived stress levels, depression, and past smoking habits.

Building a Foundation for Family Health Measurement in National Surveys: A Modified Delphi Expert Process.

Introduction: Families are the most proximal and powerful context for the development, promotion, and disruption of health of individuals across the life course. Despite families' critical role in health, U.S.

The Public Health Family Impact Checklist: A Tool to Help Practitioners .

Families are an important cornerstone of individual and community health across the lifecourse. Not only do families play a role in the development of health, but the family's health is likewise influenced by individual health behaviors and outcomes. Therefore, to improve population health, public health programs must support families.