The denervation or activation of renal sympathetic nerve and renal blood flow.

The denervation or activation of the sympathetic nerve in the kidney can affect renal hemodynamics. The sympathetic nervous system regulates the physiological functions of the kidneys. Stimulation of sympathetic efferent nerves affects various parameters related to renal hemodynamics, including sodium excretion, renin secretion, and renal blood flow (RBF).

The role of Mas receptor on renal hemodynamic responses to angiotensin II administration in chronic renal sympathectomized male and female rats.

Background And Purpose: Renal hemodynamics is influenced by renal sympathetic nerves and the renin-angiotensin system. On the other hand, renal sympathetic denervation impacts kidney weight by affecting renal hemodynamics. The current study evaluated the role of the Mas receptor on renal hemodynamic responses under basal conditions and in response to angiotensin II (Ang II) in chronic renal sympathectomy in female and male rats.

Renal Denervation Influences Angiotensin II Types 1 and 2 Receptors.

The sympathetic and renin-angiotensin systems (RAS) are two critical regulatory systems in the kidney which affect renal hemodynamics and function. These two systems interact with each other so that angiotensin II (Ang II) has the presynaptic effect on the norepinephrine secretion. Another aspect of this interaction is that the sympathetic nervous system affects the function and expression of local RAS receptors, mainly Ang II receptors.

The effect of hydro-alcoholic of extract on sleep and EEG in rat.

Objective: Hard envelope of date palm pollen is used as a sedative and calmative compounds in Iranian traditional medicine. We tried to study the effects of (Tarooneh) extract on sleep time and Brian waves.

Materials And Methods: Rats were divided into control and test groups in sleep experiment.

Role of 17-beta estradiol in baroreflex sensitivity in the nucleus tractus solitarii via the autonomic system in ovariectomized rats.

Objective: To investigate the effect of estrogen exerted through the autonomic system in the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) on increasing the sensitivity of the baroreflex under conditions of acute hypertension in ovariectomized rats.

Methods: In this experimental study, conducted in Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran from March 2010 to October 2010, 36 female rats were ovariectomized and then estrogen capsules were implanted beneath their skin. After 2 weeks, the left femoral vein and artery were cannulated for phenylephrine infusion and recording of mean arterial pressure and heart rate.

Effects of Low-dose Morphine on Nitric Oxide Concentration and Angiogenesis in Two-kidney One Clip Hypertensive Rats.

Objectives: We investigated the effects of low-dose morphine on nitric oxide (NO) and angiogenesis in two-kidney one clip hypertensive (2K1C) rats.

Materials And Methods: MALE RATS WERE DIVIDED INTO TWO GROUPS: sham-clip operated and 2K1C. Each group subdivided into saline and morphine (3 mg/kg i.

The effect of repeated diazepam administration on myocardial function in the ischemia-reperfused isolated rat heart.

Objective: To evaluate whether repeated diazepam administration affects the heart in ischemia-reperfusion.

Methods: This study was performed at the Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah, Iran, from March to September 2008. Four groups of rats were subjected to a daily injection of diazepam (group 1 [0.

Combination therapy of rosiglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligand, and NMDA receptor antagonist (MK-801) on experimental embolic stroke in rats.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) agonists have been found to have potent anti-inflammatory actions and suggested as potential therapies for brain ischaemia. Glutamate is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and is released excessively during ischaemia. Stroke therapy will require combinations of drug classes, because no single drug class has yet been proven efficacious in human beings.

Involvement of hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis on the analgesic cross-tolerance between morphine and nifedipine.

Bidirectional cross-tolerance develops between opioids and Ca(2+) channel blockers relating to their antinociceptive effects; however, the role of hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis on this action has not been elucidated yet. We examined the analgesic cross-tolerance between morphine and nifedipine, a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, in intact and adrenalectomized (ADX) rats and also evaluated modification of HPA activity during this phenomenon. The tail-flick test was used to assess the nociceptive threshold.

Treadmill running reverses retention deficit induced by morphine.

Human and animal studies have suggested that exercise has benefits overall health and cognitive function. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of treadmill running on passive avoidance learning and memory deficit in morphine-treated rats. The passive avoidance learning was measured in different time intervals (1, 2 and 24 h as well as 1 week and 1 month).

Nifedipine potentiates antinociceptive effects of morphine in rats by decreasing hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis activity.

It has been shown that nifedipine, as a calcium channel blocker can potentiate the antinociceptive effect of morphine; however, the role of Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis on this action has not been elucidated. We examined the effect of nifedipine on morphine-induced analgesia in intact and adrenalectomized (ADX) rats and on HPA activity induced by morphine. To determine the effect of nifedipine on morphine analgesia, nifedipine (2 mg/kg i.