Immune Microenvironment Alterations and Identification of Key Diagnostic Biomarkers in Chronic Kidney Disease Using Integrated Bioinformatics and Machine Learning.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) involves complex immune dysregulation and altered gene expression profiles. This study investigates immune cell infiltration, differential gene expression, and pathway enrichment in CKD patients to identify key diagnostic biomarkers through machine learning methods.

Methods: We assessed immune cell infiltration and immune microenvironment scores using the xCell algorithm.