Changes in Gut Microbiota in Peruvian Cattle Genetic Nucleus by Breed and Correlations with Beef Quality.

This study evaluated the gut microbiota and meat quality traits in 11 healthy female cattle from the Huaral region of Peru, including 5 Angus, 3 Braunvieh, and 3 F1 Simmental × Braunvieh. All cattle were 18 months old and maintained on a consistent lifelong diet. Meat quality traits, including loin area, fat thickness, muscle depth, and marbling, were assessed in vivo using ultrasonography.

Regioselective Dimerization of Methylcyclopentadiene inside Cucurbit[7]uril.

The molecular confinement within rigid macrocyclic receptors can trigger catalytic activity and steer the selectivity of organic reactions. In this work, the dimerization of methylcyclopentadiene (MCPD) isomers in the presence of cucurbit[7]uril (CB7) was found to display, besides a large rate acceleration, a striking regioselectivity in aqueous solution at pH 3, different from the thermodynamic products predominating in the absence of the supramolecular catalyst. Among the different possible regioisomers and diastereomers, the endo-3,7-dimethyl-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1H-4,7-methanoindene adduct was selectively formed, which is otherwise found only as a minor product in the dimerization of neat MCPD or in commercial dimeric mixtures.

Complexes between 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH) and cucurbit[]uril hosts modulate the yield and fate of photolytically-generated AAPH radicals.

Using theoretical and experimental tools we investigated the recognition of AAPH (2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride), a well-known water-soluble azo-compound employed as a source of peroxyl radicals, by cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]), and cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]). Density functional theory calculations and isothermal titration calorimetry experiments demonstrated that AAPH was not included in the cavity of CB[6], however, an exclusion complex was generated. Inclusion of AAPH in the CB[8] cavity was favored, forming stable inclusion complexes at 1 : 1 and 2 : 1 stoichiometries; AAPH@CB[8] and 2AAPH@CB[8], respectively.

Computational study of the supramolecular complexation of azocompounds with cucurbit[7]uril: effects on the production and release of free radicals.

Context: An inclusion complex between 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH), a widely employed azocompound, and cucurbit[7]util (CB[7]), has shown an increased yield of radicals derived from the homolytic cleavage of the azo bond. Aimed to get insights about the formation of complexes and their effect on the yield of radicals production, complexes of CB[7] with seven azocompounds were studied by computational methods. Molecular electrostatic surfaces and structural analysis showed that the inclusion of symmetrical azocompounds inside of CB[7] depends mainly on the charge density and position of the functional groups at the main chain of the azoderivative.

Effects of Age in Fecal Microbiota and Correlations with Blood Parameters in Genetic Nucleus of Cattle.

This study aimed to determine the impact of age on the fecal microbiota in the genetic nucleus of cattle, with a focus on microbial richness, composition, functional diversity, and correlations with blood parameters. Fecal and blood samples from 21 cattle were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Older cattle exhibited greater bacterial diversity and abundance, with significant changes in alpha diversity indices ( < 0.

Systematic review and meta-analysis: the efficiency of bacteriophages previously patented against pathogenic bacteria on food.

Food-borne diseases are a global public health issue with 1 in 10 people falling ill after eating contaminated food every year. In response, the food industry has implemented several new pathogen control strategies, such as biotechnological tools using the direct application of bacteriophages for biological control. We have undertaken a systematic review and meta-analysis that evaluated the efficiency of patented phages as a biological control for food-borne pathogens and determined the physical-chemical characteristics of the antimicrobial effect.

Role of amino acid oxidation and protein unfolding in peroxyl radical and peroxynitrite-induced inactivation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides.

The mechanisms underlying the inactivation of Leuconostoc mesenteroides glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) induced by peroxyl radicals (ROO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO), were explored. G6PDH was incubated with AAPH (2,2' -azobis(2-methylpropionamidine)dihydrochloride), used as ROO source, and ONOO. Enzymatic activity was assessed by NADPH generation, while oxidative modifications were analyzed by gel electrophoresis and liquid chromatography (LC) with fluorescence and mass detection.

Changes in Protonation Sites of 3-Styryl Derivatives of 7-(dialkylamino)-aza-coumarin Dyes Induced by Cucurbit[7]uril.

The incorporation of a guest, with different basic sites, into an organized system (host), such as macrocycles, could stabilize, detect, or promote the formation of a certain protomer. In this context, this work aimed to study the influence of cucurbit[7]uril (CB7) on dyes such as 7-(dimethylamino)-aza-coumarins, which have more than one basic site along their molecular structure. For this, three 3-styryl derivatives of 7-(dialkylamino)-aza-coumarin dyes () were synthesized and characterized by NMR, ESI-HRMS and IR.

Supramolecular Control of Reactivity toward Hydrolysis of 7-Diethylaminocoumarin Schiff Bases by Cucurbit[7]uril Encapsulation.

A series of aromatic Schiff bases, featuring 7-diethylamino-coumarin and with five different substituents at an adjacent phenyl ring, were synthesized and characterized. With the aim of assessing the stability of these dyes in acidic medium, their hydrolysis reactions were kinetically studied in the absence and presence of the macrocycle cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]). Our results are consistent with a model containing three different forms of substrates (un-, mono-, and diprotonated) and three parallel reaction pathways.

Cucurbit[7]uril as a Supramolecular Catalyst in Base-Catalyzed Reactions. Experimental and Theoretical Studies on Carbonate and Thiocarbonate Hydrolysis Reactions.

Cucurbit[7]uril (CB7) catalyzes the hydrolysis reaction of bis(4-nitrophenyl)carbonate () but inhibits that of bis(4-nitrophenyl)thiocarbonate (). Two relevant CB7 effects are proposed, a base-catalyst mediated by the CB7 portal and an inhibitory role attributed to the lower interaction of the thiocarbonyl group with the solvent in the host cavity, respectively.

NGS of microRNAs Involved in Cardioprotection Induced by Sevoflurane Compared to Propofol in Myocardial Revascularization Surgery: The ACDHUVV-16 Clinical Trial.

Background: Numerous studies have demonstrated that halogenated agents elicit myocardial conditioning effects when administered perioperatively in cardiac surgery. Recent evidence has been published on the benefits of maintaining exposure to halogenated agents during the early postoperative period. The enzymatic mechanisms by which this beneficial effect is exerted were explained recently.

Protein quantification by bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay follows complex kinetics and can be performed at short incubation times.

Amongst the available methodologies for protein determination, the bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay highlights for its simplicity, sensitivity, repeatability and reproducibility. Nevertheless, in spite that the general principle behind this methodology is known, there are still unanswered questions regarding the chemistry behind the assay and the experimental conditions commonly employed. The present work explored the kinetics, and the analytical response of the assay to free amino acids, peptides (containing tryptophan and tyrosine), and proteins.

Participatory food and nutrition security assessment in a community of Salvador, Brazil.

This paper addresses a Food and Nutrition Security (FNS) participatory assessment developed together with community leaders and residents in Salvador city, Bahia, Brazil. Our reflection aims to analyze this research - including design, data generated, and its use - discussing the concept of FNS and its existing assessment methods. Secondary data were found to be difficult to access or of little utility to local activists.

[Food and nutrition security: meanings developed by community leaders and residents of a low-income community in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil].

This article aims to explore the meanings associated with the concept of food and nutrition security by residents and community leaders participating in an action-research project in food and nutrition security in the community of Pau da Lima in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil, and how these meanings evolved over the course of the project. The analysis was based on conceptual maps produced by 37 residents and community leaders participating in the initial workshop in 2014, and on the results of a focus group two years later with nine community leaders and residents that formed the core group for the action research throughout the project. The results show that food and nutrition security, initially perceived as an individual issue and based on the foods' health safety and nutritional quality, became a political issue as an expression of the inequalities and power relations in which the individuals were immersed.

A selective thioxothiazolidin-coumarin probe for Hg based on its desulfurization reaction. Exploring its potential for live cell imaging.

Sensing the most toxic heavy metal (mercury) has attracted a lot of attention in recent years due to its extreme harmfulness to both human health and the environment. Thus, we reported herein the synthesis, spectroscopic and kinetic characterization, and biological evaluation of a new thioxothiazolidin coumarin derivative (ILA92), which undergoes a desulfurization reaction induced by mercuric ions (Hg). This process is the origin of a selective sensing of Hg ions in aqueous solution by colorimetric and fluorescent methods.

Breast Cancer and Anesthesia.

Breast cancer is a complex heterogeneous disease that is categorized into several histological and genomic subtypes with relevant prognostic and therapeutical implications. Such diversity requires a multidisciplinary approach for a comprehensive treatment that will involve surgeons, radiotherapists and medical oncologists. Breast cancer is classified as either local (or locoregional), which stands for 90-95% of cases, or metastatic, representing 5% of cases.

Determination of Se(IV) concentration via cathodic stripping voltammetry in the presence of Cu(II) ions and ammonium diethyl dithiophosphate.

The development of a methodology for the determination of Se(IV) concentration via cathodic stripping voltammetry is described in this work. The methodology is based on the formation of copper selenide (CuSe), whose reduction signal at -0.60 V has been used as an analytical response to quantify the Se(IV) concentration in solution.

Association between affective disorders presenting before and during pregnancy and pre-term birth, considering socio-demographic factors, obstetric factors, health conditions, and use of medication.

Objective: To study the relationship between maternal affective disorders (AD) before and during pregnancy, and pre-term birth.

Design: Retrospective observational study.

Location: Sexual and reproductive health units at the Institut Català de la Salut (ICS) in Catalonia, Spain.

Detection of SO derivatives using a new chalco-coumarin derivative in cationic micellar media: application to real samples.

A new probe ()-7-(diethylamino)-3-(3-(thiophen-2-yl)acryloyl)-2-chromen-2-one (ChC16) was synthesized and studied as a turn-on fluorescent probe, based on a Michael addition mechanism for sensing SO derivatives, which is favored in the presence of cationic micellar media such as cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB). The probe showed high selectivity and sensitivity toward bisulfite over other anions and biothiols, including cysteine (Cys), homocysteine (Hcy) and glutathione (GSH), with a detection limit of 240 nM. Moreover, the probe showed great potential for its practical application in the detection of bisulfite in real samples, such as dry white wine, and in bioimaging.

Spectroscopic, photochromic and kinetic behavior of photo conversion of Aberchrome 540™ in an ionic liquid media.

The photo-bleaching reaction of the chemical actinometer, Aberchrome 540™, is reported for the first time in a series of ionic liquids (ILs). This fulgide in its C-form undergoes an opening reaction to yield its E-form, when it is irradiated with UV light at wavelengths >400 nm. The magnitude of bleaching was monitored spectrophotometrically and their kinetics evaluated, obtaining first-order rate constants (k).

Dysregulated Responsiveness of Circulating Dendritic Cells to Toll-Like Receptors in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis.

Objective: Dendritic cells (DCs) are critical effectors of innate and adaptive immunity playing crucial roles in autoimmune responses. We previously showed that blood DC numbers were reduced in autoimmune antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated vasculitis (AAV). Here, we assessed toll-like receptor (TLR) responsiveness of blood DCs from patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) or microscopic polyangiitis (MPA).

Inclusion of Ethyl Acetoacetate Bearing 7-Hydroxycoumarin Dye by β-Cyclodextrin and its Cooperative Assembly with Mercury(II) Ions: Spectroscopic and Molecular Modeling Studies.

The inclusion of the fluorescent organic dye, ethyl 3-(7-hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)-3-oxopropanoate (1) by the host β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and its response toward mercuric ions (Hg ), was studied by UV/Vis, fluorescence, and H NMR spectroscopic analyses, mass spectrometry and molecular modeling studies. H NMR measurements together with molecular modeling studies for dye 1 demonstrate that it exhibits two tautomeric forms (keto and enol); however, when the dye is included into the β-CD cavity, the enol form predominates. Moreover, by using spectroscopic and spectrometry techniques, a 1:1 stoichiometry was determined for the complexes formed between dye 1 (enol form) and β-CD, with a binding constant (K =1.

Determination of Sudan I in drinks containing Sunset yellow by adsorptive stripping voltammetry.

An efficient, fast and sensitive method for the determination of Sudan I (SI) in drinks containing Sunset yellow (Sy) is developed and validated using an adsorptive stripping voltammetric procedure. Sy is currently added to a large number of foods; however during their synthesis SI may be produced. The determination is based on adsorption of Sy and SI onto HMDE and later reduction of the azo group at -0.