The effects of chitosan supplementation on anthropometric indicators of obesity, lipid and glycemic profiles, and appetite-regulated hormones in adolescents with overweight or obesity: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial.

Background: Chitosan is one of dietary fiber that has received great attention in improving obesity-related markers, but little is known on its effects on adolescents.

Objectives: To analyze the effects of chitosan supplementation on obesity-related cardiometabolic markers and appetite-related hormones in adolescents with overweight or obesity.

Methods And Analysis: A randomized clinical trial was performed on 64 adolescents with overweight and obesity, who were randomly allocated to receive chitosan supplementation (n = 32) or placebo as control (n = 32) for 12 weeks.

Association of dietary insulinaemic potential and odds of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among adults: A case-control study.

Background: Hyperinsulinaemia is considered as a major risk factor for the development of a myriad of chronic diseases. We examined the association between the dietary insulinaemic potential and the odds of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among Iranian adults.

Methods: After being subjected to a liver ultrasound, 166 patients with NAFLD and 200 controls were included in the study.

Diagnostic Challenges in the Early Onset of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Case Report.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with very early onset manifestations (younger than six years of age) is an essential pediatric gastrointestinal disease that encompasses a group of diverse and rare genetic defects. It may be associated with chronicity, premalignant nature, and high morbidity and mortality during childhood. Because of overlapping phenotypes, the definitive diagnosis based on conventional strategies is frequently a challenge.

Assessing the Prevalence and Treatment of Malnutrition in Hospitalized Children in Mofid Children's Hospital During 2015-2016.

Background: Malnutrition in hospitalized patients causes problems in treatment and increases hospitalization duration. The aim of this research was to determine the prevalence of malnutrition in hospitalized children.

Methods: Children aged 1 month to 18 years (n = 1186) who were admitted to medical and surgery wards of Mofid children's hospital from November 2015 to February 2016, entered the study.

Methodology of the Comprehensive Program on Prevention and Control of Overweight and Obesity in Iranian Children and Adolescents: The IRAN-Ending Childhood Obesity (IRAN-ECHO) Program.

Background: The World Health Organization program on Ending Childhood Obesity (WHO-ECHO) has developed a comprehensive and integrated package of recommendations to address childhood obesity. The present study, entitled IRAN-ECHO, was designed and implemented in the framework of the WHO-ECHO program.

Methods: The IRAN-ECHO program is implementing multicomponent interventions by considering life course dimensions.

Protocol Design for Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Studies of Surveillance of Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Diseases in Iran: STEPs 2016.

Introduction: The rise in non-communicable diseases (NCDs) has gained increasing attention. There is a great need for reliable data to address such problems. Here, we describe the development of a comprehensive set of executive and scientific protocols and instructions of STEPs 2016.

National action plan for non-communicable diseases prevention and control in Iran; a response to emerging epidemic.

Emerging Non-communicable diseases burden move United Nation to call for 25% reduction by 2025 in premature mortality from non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The World Health Organization (WHO) developed global action plan for prevention and control NCDs, but the countries' contexts, priorities, and health care system might be different. Therefore, WHO expects from countries to meet national commitments to achieve the 25 by 25 goal through adapted targets and action plan.

Simultaneous Presentation of Wilson's Disease and Autoimmune Hepatitis; A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Introduction: Coexistence of Wilson's disease and autoimmune hepatitis has been rarely reported in English literature. In this group of patients, there exist features of both diseases and laboratory and histopathological studies may be misleading. Medical treatment for any of these entities, per se, may result in poor response.

Health transition in Iran toward chronic diseases based on results of Global Burden of Disease 2010.

Background: Drawing on the results of the country-level Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2010 Study, we attempted to investigate the drivers of change in the healthcare system in terms of mortality and morbidity due to diseases, injuries, and risk factors for the two decades from 1990 to 2010.

Methods: We decomposed trends in mortality, cause of death, years of life lost due to disability, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), life expectancy, health-adjusted life expectancy, and risk factors into the contribution of total increase in population size, aging of the population, and changes in age-specific and sex-specific rates.

Results: We observed a decrease in age-specific mortality rate for both sexes, with a higher rate for women.

Evaluating causes of death and morbidity in Iran, global burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors study 2010.

Background: we aimed to recap and highlight the major results of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010 by mortality and morbidity to clarify the current health priorities and challenges in Iran.

Methods: We estimated Iran's mortality and burden of 289 diseases with 67 risk factors and 1160 sequelae, which were used to clinically present each disease and its disability or cause of death. We produced several measures to report health loss and status: all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, years of life lost due to death (YLL), healthy years of life lost due to disability (YLD), disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), life expectancy, and healthy life expectancy, for three time periods: 1990, 2005, and 2010.

Hepatic encephalopathy: early diagnosis in pediatric patients with cirrhosis.

As acute liver failure (ALF) and chronic liver disease (cirrhosis) continue to increase in prevalence, we will see more cases of hepatic encephalopathy. Primary care physician are often the first to suspect it, since they are familiar with the patient's usual physical and mental status. This serious complication typically occurs in patients with severe comorbidities and needs multidisciplinary evaluation and care.

A study of the relationship between Helicobacter pylori and recurrent aphthous stomatitis using a urea breath test.

Aim: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most common, well-known pathogenic agents in the development of peptic ulcers. Some investigators have shown a relationship between H.

Celiac disease in children with diarrhea is more frequent than previously suspected.

Background: Celiac disease (CD) may be missed or diagnosed late in children with chronic diarrhea. In this study the authors estimated the frequency of CD among pediatric patients with chronic diarrhea based on serologic and pathologic examinations.

Methods: During a 6-year period, all patients with chronic diarrhea of more than 6 weeks referred to the authors' department were included.