COVID-19-related consultation-liaison (CL) mental health services in general hospitals: A perspective from Europe and beyond.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic posed new challenges for integrated health care worldwide. Our study aimed to describe newly implemented structures and procedures of psychosocial consultation and liaison (CL) services in Europe and beyond, and to highlight emerging needs for co-operation.

Methods: Cross-sectional online survey from June to October 2021, using a self-developed 25-item questionnaire in four language versions (English, French, Italian, German).

Burnout among hospital staff during the COVID-19 pandemic: Longitudinal results from the international Cope-Corona survey study.

Objective: Long-term changes in burnout and its predictors in hospital staff during the COVID-19 pandemic were investigated in an international study.

Methods: Two online surveys were distributed to hospital staff in seven countries (Germany, Andorra, Ireland, Spain, Italy, Romania, Iran) between May and October 2020 (T1) and between February and April 2021 (T2), using the following variables: Burnout (emotional exhaustion and depersonalization), job function, age, gender, and contact with COVID-19 patients; individual resources (self-compassion, sense of coherence, social support) and work-related resources and demands (support at the workplace, risk perception, health and safety at the workplace, altruistic acceptance of risk). Data were analyzed using linear mixed models repeated measures, controlled for age.

Persian Translation and Cultural Adaptation of Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview and its Psychometric Properties.

Background: The main objectives of this study were the translation, cultural adaptation, and assessment of the psychometric properties of the Persian version of Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI).

Methods: All processes of linguistic methodology were conducted according to the published guidelines. A total of 180 patients with psychiatric problems were interviewed using MINI and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5(R) - Clinician Version (SCID-5-CV) by different interviewers.

Health Care Professionals' Perception of Stress During COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran: A Qualitative Study.

Background: The health care professionals have a unique role in controlling the pandemic of COVID-19 and decreasing its mortality and morbidity. The burden of care and psychological impact of working in this circumstance can be unfavorable for many caregivers. In this qualitative study, the health care professionals' perception of stress during COVID-19 pandemic in Iran was assessed and several implications were proposed.

Psychological Aspects of Pregnancy and Lactation in Patients with Breast Cancer.

Young breast cancer patients face numerous challenges during the cancer trajectory. As in the last decade, women tend to delay pregnancies to a later time in life, and clinicians are often faced with young breast cancer patients who want to start a family or complete it. Becoming a mother is a delicate developmental process in which the woman redefines and restructures her identity as she gets prepared for her new role and responsibilities.

Over-expression of TGF-β1 gene in medication free Schizophrenia.

Background And Purpose: Immunological pathways play a crucial role in developing and precipitating neuropsychiatric disorders. Although the exact pathogenesis of schizophrenia is unknown, the possible role of genetic and biomarker involvement of the immune system is gaining attention. Here we quantified the mRNA expression of cytokines as a key role player of the immune system from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls to identify the differentially expressed genes.

Influence of citicoline on citalopram-induced antidepressant activity in depressive-like symptoms in male mice.

Depression is associated with significant functional disabilities. Application of new drugs which could enhance the effectiveness of antidepressants drug and reduce side effects of their long-term use seems necessary. Citicoline is used as an effective chemical agent for improving the symptoms of some neurodegenerative diseases.

A Survey on Mental Health Status of Adult Population Aged 15 and above in the Province of Kermanshah, Iran.

Introduction: This research aims to determine the mental health status of population aged 15 and over in the province of Kermanshah in 2015.

Methods: The statistical population of this cross-sectional field survey consisted of residents of urban and rural areas of Kermanshah in Iran. An estimated sample size of 1200 people was chosen in three clusters: Kermanshah, Islamabad-e-Gharb, and Sonqor by using the systematic random sampling method.

The Persian Version of Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire: Translation and Evaluation of its Psychometric Properties.

Background: Screening of psychosocial risk factors for chronic low back pain (LBP) is essential. The Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire (ÖMPSQ) is one of the most recognized and widely used instruments for this purpose. This study aimed to translate the ÖMPSQ into Persian, to adapt it for Iranian culture, and to investigate its psychometric properties.

Psychometric Evaluation of the Persian Version of the Chronic Illness Anticipated Stigma Scale (CIASS).

Purpose: The present study aimed to evaluate the cross-cultural validation and psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Chronic Illness Anticipated Stigma Scale (CIASS) among the patients with chronic illness in Iran.

Method: Following standard procedures, the questionnaire was administered to a total sample of 186 patients with chronic illness who were recruited from the referral hospital, including hospitalized and clinic outpatients plus several referral clinics. Test-retest reliability and internal consistency were analyzed through intraclass correlation coefficient and Cronbach's alpha tests, respectively.

Psychosocial Status of Liver Transplant Candidates in Iran and Its Correlation with Health-Related Quality of Life and Depression and Anxiety.

Objectives. The study was aimed at providing a psychosocial profile for Iranian liver transplant candidates referred to an established liver transplantation program. Material and Methods.

Comparison of two different curricula in psychiatry clerkship at tehran university of medical sciences.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a new psychiatry clerkship curriculum which was designed to improve the knowledge and skills of medical students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Iran.

Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in two consecutive semesters from February 2009 to January 2010. In total, 167 medical students participated in the study.

Establishing a liver transplantation program at Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran: a report of ten years of experience.

In 2001, a Liver Transplantation (LT) program was commenced in Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex as the first one in the capital city of Tehran which is the second liver transplantation center in Iran. This study presents the results of our 10-year experience with LT.

Iranian medical students' perception of psychiatry: before and after a psychiatry clerkship.

Objective: We aimed to compare the medical students' attitude towards psychiatry before and after psychiatry clerkship, and to examine the association of choosing psychiatry as a future career with some personal characteristics.

Method: In a self-controlled, quasi-experimental study, all of the medical students entering the psychiatry clerkship in three major medical schools of Iran located in Tehran (Tehran, Shahid Beheshti, and Iran University of Medical Sciences) were asked to participate anonymously in the study on the first and the last 3-days of their psychiatry clerkship. From 346 invited 4th-5th year medical students, 225 (65%) completed anonymous self-report questionnaires before and after a 4-week psychiatry clerkship.

Senior medical students' attitudes toward psychiatry as a career choice before and after an undergraduate psychiatry internship in Iran.

Objectives: The study aimed to assess 1) the attitudes of medical students in the sixth and seventh years (known as interns in Iran) toward psychiatry as a career choice, and 2) the degree of attractiveness of psychiatry as a career choice, with regard to various defined aspects, before and after an undergraduate psychiatry internship (similar to the medical school psychiatry rotation in the United States, but mandatory in Iran) in three major medical schools in Tehran, the capital of Iran.

Method: Sixth- and seventh-year medical students (locally called interns, N=347) at Tehran, Shahid Beheshti, and Iran Universities of Medical Sciences were consecutively invited to complete anonymous self-report questionnaires designed to assess their perceptions of careers in psychiatry before and after internship in psychiatry wards. Also, students evaluated psychiatry in terms of the factors that reflected the degree of attractiveness of this specialty.

Persian translation of perception of psychiatry survey questionnaire and evaluation of its psychometric properties.

Objective: Test the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Perception of Psychiatry Survey questionnaire, which is being used in a large multi-site international study, of which we were part. This instrument was designed to measure the attitudes of medical educators to psychiatry.

Method: We used World Health Organization guideline as the methodological model for Persian translation.

Freshmen versus interns' specialty interests.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine career preferences of medical students at the time of entering medical school compared with interns who were graduating; and to determine what factors influence the choice of a special discipline as a career.

Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey study involving freshmen and interns at Tehran University of Medical Sciences was conducted in 2006 - 2007. Respondents anonymously completed a specialties questionnaire developed by Feifel et al.

How to break bad news: physicians' and nurses' attitudes.

Objective: Bad news disclosure is one of the most complex tasks of physicians. Recent evidences indicate that patients' and physicians' attitude toward breaking bad news has been changed since few years ago. The evidence of breaking bad news is different across cultures.

Effects on knowledge and attitudes of using stages of change to train general practitioners on management of depression: a randomized controlled study.

Objective: To assess the impact on knowledge and attitudes of a tailored educational intervention on depression using a modified version of the Prochaska stages of change model, compared with standard continuing medical education, for general practitioners (GPs) in primary care in Iran.

Method: Using a randomized controlled trial, a total of 192 GPs were evenly randomized to intervention or control arm. The topic for the educational intervention was depressive disorders.

Quality of life and life events of living unrelated kidney donors in Iran: a multicenter study.

Background: A controlled living unrelated kidney donors (LURDs) transplant program has been started from 1988 in Iran. We surveyed LURDs to investigate the extent to which they experienced stressful life events before donation and their quality of life after donation.

Methods: Five hundred donors were approached.

Efficacy of selegiline add on therapy to risperidone in the treatment of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled study.

Objective: It has been reported that selegiline, a Selective Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor B (MAOI-B), at low doses would be helpful for treating negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Nevertheless, the results are contradictory so far. This study was designed to investigate the effect of selegiline added to risperidone as augmentation therapy in patients with chronic schizophrenia and prominent negative symptoms in an 8 week, double blind and randomized clinical trial.