Protective effects of tadalafil and N-acetyl cysteine therapy on cisplatin-induced testicular toxicity.

Purpose: To investigate whether tadalafil (TAD) and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) can prevent cisplatin (CIS)-induced testicular toxicity.

Methods: Forty Wistar-Albino rats were divided into five groups: Control group, CIS group, TAD group, NAC group and TAD + NAC group. All groups were compared regarding body and testicular weights, testicular volumes, blood testosterone levels, testicular tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, histopathological features, and testicular Cosentino and Johnsen scores.

An Update on Kawasaki Disease.

Purpose: To summarize advances in research on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of Kawasaki Disease (KD), a systemic inflammatory illness of unknown etiology that affects children globally.

Recent Findings: The epidemiology of KD was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and advances in molecular immunology and machine learning have enabled research into its pathogenesis. There is ongoing research into agents that can be used to intensify initial treatment and accumulating evidence supporting the use of certain rescue regimens for refractory disease over others.

An unusual case of pediatric granulomatosis with polyangiitis complicated by splenic infarction presenting as inflammatory bowel disease.

We describe a case of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) in a 7-year-old-male who initially presented with symptoms concerning for Inflammatory bowel disease. GPA is a rare, multisystemic necrotizing vasculitis involving small arteries and veins. The clinical presentation can be variable given its multisystemic involvement but more commonly involves the upper and lower airways and kidneys.

Can the mucosal attacks of Behçet's disease be predicted?

The primary objective of this study was to investigate the association between disease activity and serum and salivary procalcitonin (Pct) levels in patients with Behçet's disease (BD). The study included patients diagnosed with BD and age-matched healthy volunteers (N: 48, N: 32). Serum and salivary Pct levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the laboratories of Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital.

Inflammatory Arthritis in a 19-month-old with Von Hippel-Lindau Disease.

Von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL) is a rare autosomal dominant disease characterized by progressive development of cysts and tumors. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder and the most common arthritis in children. Although the mechanism of pathogenesis is not fully understood, JIA is thought to be a polygenic, autoimmune-mediated disease.

Retropharyngeal involvement in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: Case report and review of literature.

A diagnosis of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children should be made in the appropriate context and after ruling out other infectious causes. At the same time, clinicians should be diligent as the initial presentation can be unusual and the clinical picture can evolve over time. We report a case that was initially diagnosed as a retropharyngeal infection that did not improve on appropriate antimicrobial coverage.

A case of ANCA-associated vasculitis in a 16-year-old female following SARS-COV-2 infection and a systematic review of the literature.

Background: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a rare form of vasculitis in children. SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19 infection, seems to trigger autoimmunity and new-onset autoimmune disease in pediatric and adult patients. We present a case of new-onset AAV following COVID-19 infection in an adolescent patient, and we review the literature of AAV following COVID-19 infection.

The evaluation of pancreas β-cell autoantibodies in non-diabetic COVID-19 patients.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate potential pancreas endocrine damage due to SARS-CoV-2 by measuring β-cell autoantibodies in COVID-19 patients.

Subjects And Methods: Between June and July 2020, 95 inpatients with a positive COVID-19 test result after polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) and who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in our study. Laboratory parameters that belong to glucose metabolism and β-cell autoantibodies, including anti-islet, anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase, and anti-insulin autoantibodies, were measured.

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in an Adolescent Following SARS-CoV-2 Exposure Despite Three Doses of a COVID-19 Vaccine.

The multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a known complication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the pediatric population. Recent studies have demonstrated high efficacy of a two-dose vaccine series in preventing MIS-C among adolescents. To date, such studies have only included children exposed to SARS-CoV-2 prior to the emergence of the Omicron variant (B.

Could Irisin Levels be Affected by Physical Activity in Patients with Schizophrenia?

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the effect of physical activity and metabolic parameters on irisin levels in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls.

Methods: Ninety-six patients with schizophrenia and 63 healthy controls comprised the study population. The participants were separated into three groups: inactive, low activity, and sufficiently active according to International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form (IPAQ-SF).

Evaluation of serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels in women with Hashimoto thyroiditis in the reproductive age.

Background/aim: Autoimmune thyroid disease in women is associated with subfertility and early pregnancy loss, and patients with primary ovarian insufficiency have a high prevalence of thyroid autoimmune disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) and ovarian reserve.

Materials And Methods: Levels of serum thyroid stimulating hormones, thyroid autoantibodies, and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) were measured in women with HT and a healthy control group between 2018 and 2019.

Cryptococcus albidus Fungemia in an Immunosuppressed Child: Case Report and Systematic Literature Review.

Cryptococcus albidus, synonymous with Naganishia albida, rarely causes opportunistic infection in immunocompromised individuals. Its clinical features, particularly in children, are not well defined. Here, we report a case of C albidus fungemia in an immunosuppressed child; we also present results of a systematic review, for which we searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science using the keywords "cryptococcus" and "albidus.

The relationship between semiquantitative parameters derived from technetium-99m metoxyisobutylisonitrile dual-phase parathyroid single-photon emission computed tomography images and disease severity in primary hyperparathyroidism.

Objective: The relationship between multiple semiquantitative indices on technetium-99m metoxyisobutylisonitrile (Tc-99m MIBI) parathyroid single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and clinical, laboratory, and radiological data was investigated in primary hyperparathyroidism.

Patients And Methods: Ninety-three patients who had a histopathologically confirmed single parathyroid adenoma (PT) were enrolled. Regions of interests were drawn around the PT, neighboring thyroid (T), and background in early and late planar images and isocontour regions of interests around the adenoma in SPECT images (PT SPECT).

SIADH in Systemic JIA Resolving After Treatment With an IL-6 Inhibitor.

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is implicated in the pathogenesis of both systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA) and syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), but the 2 have not been previously described as occurring together. We report a case of a 6-year-old girl with symptoms of arthralgia, daily fevers, evanescent rash, lymphadenopathy, and laboratory evaluation showing elevated inflammatory markers, consistent with SJIA. At presentation, the patient had hyponatremia with a sodium level of 128 mEq/L.

A Sweet Case of .

Sweet syndrome, also known as acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, is an uncommon inflammatory disorder marked by fever and swelling of the skin that can be very painful. It is especially rare in the pediatric population. Infection is a well-known trigger for Sweet syndrome, but this entity has, to our knowledge, never been described after infection.

The relationship between serum levels of angiogenin, bFGF, VEGF, and ocular involvement in patients with Behçet's disease.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of angiogenin, vascular endothelial growth factor, (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in the pathogenesis of BD.

Design And Methods: Sixty-five patients with BD and 21 healthy control subjects were included in the study, and serum angiogenin, bFGF, and VEGF concentrations were measured by using in-vitro enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) kits according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Results: The median serum angiogenin level was significantly higher in patients with BD (391.

Serum vitronectin levels in patients with Behçet's disease.

Background/aims: To determine serum vitronectin levels in Behçet patients with and without ocular involvement, and to evaluate the relationship between vitronectin concentrations and clinical manifestations of Behçet's disease (BD).

Methods: Sixty-five patients with BD and 21 control subjects were included. All patients were queried for the clinical manifestations of BD.

Consensus treatment plans for induction therapy of newly diagnosed proliferative lupus nephritis in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objective: To formulate consensus treatment plans (CTPs) for induction therapy of newly diagnosed proliferative lupus nephritis (LN) in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods: A structured consensus formation process was employed by the members of the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance after considering the existing medical evidence and current treatment approaches.

Results: After an initial Delphi survey (response rate = 70%), a 2-day consensus conference, and 2 followup Delphi surveys (response rates = 63-79%), consensus was achieved for a limited set of CTPs addressing the induction therapy of proliferative LN.

Urokinase plasminogen activator receptor levels in Behcet's disease.

Purpose: To determine urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) concentrations in Behcet patients with and without ocular involvement; and to investigate the associations between uPAR levels and clinical manifestations of Behcet's disease.

Methods: Sixty-four patients with Behcet's disease (31 patients with and 33 patients without ocular involvement) and 23 healthy control subjects were included in this study. A complete ophthalmologic examination was performed.

Evaluation of serum resistin levels in patients with ocular and non-ocular Behçet's disease.

Background: Resistin, a recently identified adipocytokine, has been found to play an important role in inflammation and the processes of inflammation-related diseases. Serum resistin levels in patients with Behçet's disease (BD) have not yet been investigated. We aimed to evaluate the relation between resistin and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in Behçet patients with or without ocular involvement and in normal controls.

Serum leptin levels in patients with ocular and nonocular Behçet's disease.

Aims: To investigate serum leptin levels in Behçet's patients with or without ocular involvement compared with healthy subjects and the relationship between serum leptin and uveitis activity in patients with ocular involvement.

Methods: Fifty-seven patients with Behçet's disease and 20 healthy control subjects were included in this study. While 27 patients had ocular involvement (18 had acute uveitis, 9 had inactive ocular involvement), 30 did not have ocular disease.

The complement component C3 plays a critical role in both Th1 and Th2 responses to antigen.

Background: Complement component C3 is synthesized by keratinocytes and is activated after skin injury. C3 is also synthesized by peritoneal macrophages, which are activated by the adjuvant alum.

Objective: We sought to investigate the role of C3 in inciting allergic skin Inflammation and systemic immune responses after epicutaneous sensitization or intraperitoneal sensitization with antigen.

COX-2 inhibition enhances the TH2 immune response to epicutaneous sensitization.

Background: Mechanical injury to the skin by scratching is an important feature of atopic dermatitis (AD).

Objective: To investigate the role of COX-2 in allergic skin inflammation elicited by epicutaneous (EC) sensitization via introduction of ovalbumin through shaved tape-stripped skin.

Methods: COX-2 mRNA was measured by quantitative PCR, and COX-2 protein was measured by Western blotting.

The anaphylatoxin C3a downregulates the Th2 response to epicutaneously introduced antigen.

Mechanical injury to the skin results in activation of the complement component C3 and release of the anaphylatoxin C3a. C3a binds to a seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor, C3aR. We used C3aR(-/-) mice to examine the role of C3a in a mouse model of allergic inflammation induced by epicutaneous sensitization with OVA.