Exploring Therapeutic Potential of Catalase: Strategies in Disease Prevention and Management.

The antioxidant defense mechanisms play a critical role in mitigating the deleterious effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Catalase stands out as a paramount enzymatic antioxidant. It efficiently catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (HO) into water and oxygen, a potentially harmful byproduct of cellular metabolism.

Evaluation of Cisplatin-Induced Acute Renal Failure Amelioration Using Fondaparinux and Alteplase.

Acute renal failure (ARF) is a deleterious condition with increased mortality or healthcare costs or dialysis-dependent end-stage renal disease. The study aims to compare prophylaxis with fondaparinux (Fund) vs. treatment with alteplase (Alt) in ameliorating cisplatin (Cis)-induced ARF.

Delayed intestinal obstruction from an unintentionally retained surgical gauze in a 24-year old woman two years after caesarean section: a case report.

Background: One of the most common surgical emergencies, intestinal obstruction is rarely the result of an inadvertently retained foreign object (also known as a gossypiboma), which may not present symptoms for a lifetime. It also carries additional legal burdens, which may account for the rarity of its reports.

Case Presentation: We report a 24-year-old Sudanese female with a history of emergency Caesarean section two years before the admission presented with abdominal distension and absolute constipation, which was diagnosed as intestinal obstruction with a retained gauzed found within the small intestine.

Hesperidin, a Bioflavonoid in Cancer Therapy: A Review for a Mechanism of Action through the Modulation of Cell Signaling Pathways.

Cancer represents one of the most frequent causes of death in the world. The current therapeutic options, including radiation therapy and chemotherapy, have various adverse effects on patients' health. In this vista, the bioactive ingredient of natural products plays a vital role in disease management via the inhibition and activation of biological processes such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell signaling molecules.

The Multifaceted Role of Baicalein in Cancer Management through Modulation of Cell Signalling Pathways.

The roles of medicinal plants or their purified bioactive compounds have attracted attention in the field of health sciences due to their low toxicity and minimal side effects. Baicalein is an active polyphenolic compound, isolated from and plays a significant role in the management of different diseases. Epidemiologic studies have proven that there is an inverse association between baicalein consumption and disease severity.

Lipid-Based Nanoparticle Formulation of Diallyl Trisulfide Chemosensitizes the Growth Inhibitory Activity of Doxorubicin in Colorectal Cancer Model: A Novel In Vitro, In Vivo and In Silico Analysis.

Garlic's main bioactive organosulfur component, diallyl trisulfide (DATS), has been widely investigated in cancer models. However, DATS is not suitable for clinical use due to its low solubility. The current study seeks to improve DATS bioavailability and assess its chemopreventive and chemosensitizing properties in an AOM-induced colorectal cancer model.

The Effect of Liposomal Diallyl Disulfide and Oxaliplatin on Proliferation of Colorectal Cancer Cells: In Vitro and In Silico Analysis.

Diallyl disulfide (DADS) is one of the main bioactive organosulfur compounds of garlic, and its potential against various cancer models has been demonstrated. The poor solubility of DADS in aqueous solutions limits its uses in clinical application. The present study aimed to develop a novel formulation of DADS to increase its bioavailability and therapeutic potential and evaluate its role in combination with oxaliplatin (OXA) in the colorectal cancer system.

Curcumin and ustekinumab cotherapy alleviates induced psoriasis in rats through their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative effects.

Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease that affects 3% of people worldwide. Ustekinumab is a selective anti-IL-12/23 biologic that alleviates psoriasis, and curcumin is a natural, effective dietary turmeric extract applied to treat numerous diseases through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

Objective: The current study evaluated the therapeutic effects of curcumin and ustekinumab cotherapy (CUC) on imiquimod (IQ)-induced psoriasis in a rat model.

6-Gingerol, a Bioactive Compound of Ginger Attenuates Renal Damage in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats by Regulating the Oxidative Stress and Inflammation.

The aim of present study is to investigate the role of 6-gingerol in ameliorating the renal injury in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The diabetes was induced by using a single dose of freshly prepared STZ (55 mg/kg body weight) intraperitoneally which causes the degeneration of pancreatic Langerhans islet β-cells. The diabetic rats were treated with oral gavage of 6-gingerol (10 mg/kg b.

Comparison of the Microwave-Heated Ziehl-Neelsen Stain and Conventional Ziehl-Neelsen Method in the Detection of Acid-Fast Bacilli in Lymph Node Biopsies.

Background: Tuberculosis is a chronic inflammatory disease with lymphadenopathy being the most common extra-pulmonary manifestation. The conventional Ziehl-Neelsen method plays an essential role in the diagnosis of tuberculosis; however, it has a low sensitivity in detecting acid-fast bacilli.

Aim: The present study emphasises the role of the microwave-heated method (modified Ziehl-Neelsen) over conventional Ziehl-Neelsen stain and to set at the best condition for irradiation.

Thymoquinone, an Active Constituent of Black Seed Attenuates CCl4 Induced Liver Injury in Mice via Modulation of Antioxidant Enzymes, PTEN, P53 and VEGF Protein.

Aim: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the possible protective role of thymoquinone on CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity.

Methods: The activities of liver function enzymes and antioxidant enzymes were measured. Haematoxylin-Eosin staining was performed to analyze the live tissue alterations.

Assessment of Expression of Ki-67 in Benign and Malignant Prostatic Lesions among Sudanese Patients.

Background: Prostatic cancer is one of the most common cancers of males in a Sudanese population. The early detection is very important, as it is only curable at an early stage.

Aim: The objective of this study was to investigate the expression pattern of Ki-67 in benign and malignant prostatic lesions to improve the diagnosis that may help in better management and prevention of disease.

Effect of Exposure to Cement Dust among the Workers: An Evaluation of Health Related Complications.

Background: Cement contains various types of chemicals in addition to lime and silica, and such chemicals cause different health complications and pathogenesis in addition to respiratory disorders. The most important occupational hazards for cement workers are allergy and complication related to respiratory system.

Aim: The current study was performed by analysing the questionnaire distributed among the workers and also by the sputum collected from them to study the general health conditions and other life activities.

Prognostic Significance of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Her-2 Protein in the Genesis of Cervical Carcinoma.

Background: Angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in the progression of tumours through the formation of new blood vessels. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a chief factor responsible for inducing and regulating angiogenesis. Additionally, the human epidermal growth factor receptor family of receptors also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of tumours.

Histopathological Pattern and Age Distribution, of Malignant Ovarian Tumor among Sudanese Ladies.

Introduction: Ovarian cancer is the cause of a high case-fatality ratio, and most of the cases are diagnosed in late stages.

Objectives: To determine the histopathological types, age distribution, and ovarian tumour stages among diagnosed with ovarian cancer at Al - Amal Tower a multi-referral polyclinic of Radiology & Isotope Center Khartoum (RICK), Sudan.

Methods: All histopathology reports patients' case from January to June 2015 were reviewed.

Clinicopathological Significance of Vimentin and Cytokeratin Protein in the Genesis of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Cervix.

Cervical cancer is one of the commonest types of cancers worldwide especially in developing countries. Intermediate filaments protein family has shown a role in the diagnosis of various cancers, but a few studies are available about the vimentin and cytokeratin roles in the cervical cancer. This case control study aimed to interpret the expression of vimentin and cytokeratin proteins in the development and progression of cervical cancer and its correlation with clinicopathological features.

Association of Cytokeratin and Vimentin Protein in the Genesis of Transitional Cell Carcinoma of Urinary Bladder Patients.

The aim of study was to examine the localization and distribution of cytokeratin (CK) and vimentin protein and their association with clinical outcome of the TCC patients. Expression pattern of cytokeratin and vimentin was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in TCC cases and inflammatory lesions. Cytoplasmic expression of CK was noticed in 52.

Expressional analysis of p16 and cytokeratin19 protein in the genesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients.

p16 is a cell cycle inhibitor that is frequently inactivated in various types of tumours. In spite of p16 importance and its association with clinical behaviour in the genesis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is not understood fully. The aim of study was to examine the impact of p16 and CK19 in the development and progression of tumour with other clinical behaviours.

Therapeutic effects of date fruits (Phoenix dactylifera) in the prevention of diseases via modulation of anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-tumour activity.

The current mode of treatment of various diseases based on synthetic drugs is expensive, alters genetic and metabolic pathways and also shows adverse side effects. Thus, safe and effective approach is needed to prevent the diseases development and progression. In this vista, Natural products are good remedy in the treatment/management of diseases and they are affordable and effective without any adverse effects.

Implication of androgen receptor in urinary bladder cancer: a critical mini review.

Cancer is probably the most dreaded disease of mankind and the bladder cancer is the fifth most common type of cancer worldwide. It is a major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality. From amongst the bladder cancer, the Transitional Cell Carcinoma (TCC) is the most prevalent cancer of the bladder and accounts for 90% of all bladder cancer cases.

Screening for high risk human papilloma virus (HR-HPV) subtypes, among Sudanese patients with oral lesions.

HR-HPV subtypes are strongly linked to etiology of many human cancers including oral cancer. The epidemiology of infection with different HPV genotypes greatly varies in different countries. The aim of this study was to identify and genotype the HR-HPV subtypes in oral tissues obtained from Sudanese patients with oral lesions.

Frequency and genotype of human papillomavirus among Sudanese patients with head and neck tumours.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and genotype of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) and benign head and neck tumours.

Methodology: A retrospective study was performed on 150 samples of patients diagnosed with HNSCCs and 50 samples obtained from patients diagnosed with benign head and neck tumours. Tumour DNA was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with HPV consensus and multiplex primers.

Clinicopathological significance of PTEN and bcl2 expressions in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

A high frequency of mutations at the PTEN locus has been noticed in carcinoma of oral. However, the role of PTEN alternations and its association with outcome variables in the genesis of oral carcinoma is not understood fully. The purpose of our study was to examine the impact of PTEN and Bcl2 in the genesis of squamous cell carcinoma of oral.