Liver disease-linked metabolic and behavioral factors associated with cognitive performance in an observational study of community dwelling adults.

Modifiable risk factors associated with cognitive functioning are important for identifying potential targets for intervention development. Although there are a few recognized modifiable risk factors (e.g.

The Prevalence of Obesity is Increased in Adolescents with Amblyopia: An Analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data.

Amblyopia is the most common cause of vision loss in children. Amblyopia has been associated with impaired depth perception but little attention has been paid to the extent to which amblyopia increases the risk of obesity. Public-use data from the 1999-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used.

The work environment and hospitalist work well-being and burnout.

Background: Hospital medicine is the largest growing specialty in the United States. It is important to understand factors that are related to burnout and work well-being (WWB), both predictors of workforce retention.

Objective: To examine the relationship between work environment factors and hospitalist burnout and WWB.

Affective Responses to Acute Exercise: A Meta-Analysis of the Potential Beneficial Effects of a Single Bout of Exercise on General Mood, Anxiety, and Depressive Symptoms.

Objective: Acute exercise elicits various biobehavioral and psychological responses, but results are mixed with regard to the magnitude of exercise-induced affective reactions. This meta-analysis examines the magnitude of general mood state, anxiety, and depressive symptom responses to acute exercise while exploring exercise protocol characteristics and background health behaviors that may play a role in the affective response.

Methods: A total of 2770 articles were identified from a MEDLINE/PubMed search and an additional 133 articles from reviews of reference sections.

Moving the Needle: A Qualitative Exploration of the School Nurses' Experience with Virginia's Human Papillomavirus Mandate.

In all US localities, students provide proof of compliance with vaccination requirements to attend school. Despite benefits, vaccine legislation remains contentious. The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is recommended for adolescents and prevents cancer, but its inclusion in school immunization requirements is challenged.

A Multilevel Analysis of School-Level Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Coverage in Virginia.

School nurses improve public health through vaccine promotion and mandate compliance. Despite recommendations and support for comprehensive adolescent HPV vaccination from organizations like the National Association of School Nurses as of 2023 only Virginia, Washington DC, Rhode Island, and Hawaii mandate HPV vaccine in schools. Virginia's mandate allows caregivers to opt out of vaccination.

School Nurses' Experiences and Roles in Promoting and Administering the HPV Vaccine: A Systematic Review Using the Socioecological Framework.

Understanding the school nurse's experience in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine promotion can reduce vaccine disparities. HPV vaccination is critical to cancer prevention. Despite the importance of the school nurse in vaccine promotion, there is a lack of understanding.

Severe, Persistent, Disruptive Fatigue Post-SARS-CoV-2 Disproportionately Affects Young Women.

Introduction: Post-acute SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) symptoms are often persistent, disruptive, and difficult to treat effectively. Fatigue is often among the most frequently reported symptoms and may indicate a more challenging road to recovery.

Purpose: To describe the natural history, symptomology, and risk profile of long-term post-acute SARS-CoV-2.

Post-Acute SARS-CoV-2 Symptoms are Fewer, Less Intense Over Time in People Treated with Mono-Clonal Antibodies for Acute Infection.

Introduction: Many with post-acute SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) have persistent symptoms impacting physical and cognitive function, decreased health and health-related life quality. Monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment was available to acutely infected patients which might improve these outcomes.

Purpose: To compare patient perception of PASC symptoms for those receiving bamlanivimab or casirivimab and imdevimab (mAbs) to those not receiving this treatment (non-mAbs).

Association of physical activity and fine motor performance in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background: Fine motor performance may serve as an early warning sign for reduced cognitive function. Physical activity can help preserve cognitive function; however, the relationship between fine motor performance and physical activity is not well understood. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between fine motor performance and physical activity in individuals at risk for developing cognitive impairment (those with diabetes and/or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)).

Regular Exercise Is Associated With Low Fatigue Levels and Good Functional Outcomes After COVID-19: A Prospective Observational Study.

Objective: The aim of the study is to identify the impact of postacute SARS-CoV-2 infection on patient outcomes.

Design: This is a prospective, repeated measure, observational study of consented adults with positive SARS-CoV-2 quantitative polymerase chain reaction or antigen test more than 28 days after infection. Only data from the initial study visit are reported, including disease history, symptoms checklist, patient questionnaires, cognitive tests, social/medical histories, vitals, grip strength, and 2-min walk distance.

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Is Independently Associated With Higher All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality.

Background & Aims: The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing globally. We assessed independent associations of NAFLD with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in older community-dwelling adults in the United States.

Methods: Data from the Rancho Bernardo Study cohort, who participated in the research from 1992 to 1996 with mortality data (followed up to July 2019), were analyzed.

Experiences of caregivers and individuals living with traumatic brain injury in accessing health information: a qualitative investigation.

Background/purpose: Rehabilitation and treatment of chronic symptoms of traumatic brain injury (TBI) present life-long challenges. This qualitative study aimed to understand the experience of individuals with TBI and caregivers in finding and using health information and to understand their interest in participating in research.

Methods: Participants were recruited through hospital listservs, websites, social media, and word of mouth from across the US.

Second victim experiences and moral injury as predictors of hospitalist burnout before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The increasing number of physicians leaving practice, especially hospitalists, has been well-documented. The most commonly examined factor associated with this exodus has been burnout. The COVID-19 pandemic has put a unique and unprecedented stress on hospitalists who have been at the front lines of patient care.

Patient-centred care, diabetes self-management and glycaemic control among Omani patients with type-2 diabetes.

Aim: This study examined the relationships between patient-centred care, diabetes self-management and selected health outcomes for Omani patients with type-2 diabetes.

Methods: Cross-sectional surveys were administered for 237 patients with type-2 diabetes. Hierarchical regression analyses examined the relationships between the selected study variables.

Patients' and Nurses' Perceptions of Diabetes Self-Management in Oman: A Qualitative Study.

Patient-centered care enhances diabetes self-management; however, the primary care nurse's role in promoting diabetes self-management within a patient-centered care model is unexplored. This study investigated the perceptions of Omani patients with type-2 diabetes and their clinic nurses on the nurses' role in promoting diabetes self-management within a patient-centered care approach. The thematic analysis of the data from individual interviews with patients (n = 24) revealed two themes: patients experienced "missteps on an unclear path" and "nurses doing their best.

Interrelationship between physical activity and depression in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with a sedentary lifestyle and depressive symptoms. It is also well established that physical inactivity and depressive symptoms are related. However, an investigation of the interaction between all of these factors in NAFLD has not been previously conducted.

Access, Utilization, and Implementation of Research Among Rehabilitation Nurses: A Qualitative Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to understand rehabilitation nurses' perceptions of research information, related barriers, and avenues for future research, specifically in those caring for individuals with burn injury, spinal cord injury, or traumatic brain injury.

Design: Qualitative semistructured interviews were conducted.

Methods: Eighteen interviews were conducted.

Qualitative Investigation of Health Information Resources for Caregivers and Individuals Living With Spinal Cord Injury.

To identify the information networks of caregivers and individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) and how the health information is accessed and used. For this qualitative study, participants from the United States were recruited through hospital listservs, websites, social media, and word of mouth to participate in a phone interview. Fourteen individuals living with a traumatic SCI and 18 caregivers of individuals living with a traumatic SCI were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide.

Examination of Health Information Needs of Caregivers of and Individuals with Burn Injuries.

Burns are a leading cause of trauma worldwide with about 450,000 burn injuries being treated at medical facilities in the United States each year. Finding relevant information on the long-term consequences of burn injuries is a significant challenge for many individuals with burn injuries and their caregivers. This qualitative study aimed to identify how individuals with burn injuries and caregivers of individuals with burn injuries prefer to access and use health information, identify obstacles to accessing useful information, and identify information most needed by burn survivors and caregivers.

Subsidized Housing and Health: An Exploratory Study Examining Resident Perspectives on Community Health and Access to Care.

Adequate, safe, and affordable housing is an important determinant of health, yet studies on subsidized housing and health are limited in number and scope. This exploratory survey assessed the health conditions, needs, accessibility of services, and health issues perceived as most important by federally-subsidized affordable housing participants in Virginia. Results for residents of public housing complexes, tenants with housing vouchers, and a nationally representative sample are compared.

Influence of socioeconomic status on objective sleep measurement: A systematic review and meta-analysis of actigraphy studies.

Social inequities have many health effects; one of these is a potential relationship to sleep disturbances. Socioeconomic status (SES) is an important factor that contributes to social inequities. SES is a marker of living conditions and habits that influence health by way of different processes, including stress-related mechanisms.

Abnormal cardiac and metabolic measures correlate significantly with lower performance and activity in overweight chronic liver disease.

People with Hepatitis C (HCV) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the United States follow national trends toward a sedentary lifestyle and are increasingly at risk for hypertension. The intent of this study was to identify potential correlates of exercise tolerance in people with two types of chronic liver disease (CLD)-NAFLD and HCV. Measures included cardiac output, oxygen consumption and stroke volume, blood pressure, distance walked in 6 minutes, clinical laboratory tests, and medications influencing the autonomic nervous system, patient self-reports of activity, fatigue, and health-related quality of life (HRQL).

Relationship of actigraphy-assessed sleep efficiency and sleep duration to reactivity to stress.

Objective: Sleep duration is an important predictor of cardiovascular health outcomes, but the role of sleep efficiency is less clear. This study investigated actigraphy-assessed sleep efficiency and sleep duration and their relationship with responses to mental and physical challenge tasks.

Methods: To record sleep, actigraph devices were worn on the wrist continuously by 25 participants (age: 33.