Role of digital subtraction angiography in acute cervical spinal cord ischemia.

Ascertaining the etiology of cervical spinal cord dysfunction presents a challenge to clinicians, as the list of differential diagnoses is extensive. Although compressive and inflammatory disorders are common and should be considered immediately, vascular causes are similarly important and acute. The overlap of clinical, magnetic resonance imaging, and cerebrospinal fluid features among the causes of myelopathies may lead to erroneous diagnoses.

SCANED: Siamese collateral assessment network for evaluation of collaterals from ischemic damage.

This study conducts collateral evaluation from ischemic damage using a deep learning-based Siamese network, addressing the challenges associated with a small and imbalanced dataset. The collateral network provides an alternative oxygen and nutrient supply pathway in ischemic stroke cases, influencing treatment decisions. Research in this area focuses on automated collateral assessment using deep learning (DL) methods to expedite decision-making processes and enhance accuracy.

Homodyned K-Distribution Parameter Estimation in Quantitative Ultrasound: Autoencoder and Bayesian Neural Network Approaches.

Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) analyzes the ultrasound (US) backscattered data to find the properties of scatterers that correlate with the tissue microstructure. Statistics of the envelope of the backscattered radio frequency (RF) data can be utilized to estimate several QUS parameters. Different distributions have been proposed to model envelope data.

Burden of illness associated with Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)-related hospitalizations among adults in Ontario, Canada: A retrospective population-based study.

Background: Globally, RSV is a common viral pathogen that causes 64 million acute respiratory infections annually. Our objective was to determine the incidence of hospitalization, healthcare resource use and associated costs of adults hospitalized with RSV in Ontario, Canada.

Methods: To describe the epidemiology of adults hospitalized with RSV, we used a validated algorithm applied to a population-based healthcare utilization administrative dataset in Ontario, Canada.

COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the continuity of care for chronic patients: evidence from a cross-sectional retrospective study in a developing country.

Background: Any disruption in continuity of care for patients with chronic conditions can lead to poor outcomes for the patients as well as great damage for the community and the health system. This study aims to determine the continuity of care for patients with chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes during COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Through a cross-sectional retrospective study, data registered in six health centers in Yazd, Iran were analyzed.

Exploiting Mechanics-Based Priors for Lateral Displacement Estimation in Ultrasound Elastography.

Tracking the displacement between the pre- and post-deformed radio-frequency (RF) frames is a pivotal step of ultrasound elastography, which depicts tissue mechanical properties to identify pathologies. Due to ultrasound's poor ability to capture information pertaining to the lateral direction, the existing displacement estimation techniques fail to generate an accurate lateral displacement or strain map. The attempts made in the literature to mitigate this well-known issue suffer from one of the following limitations: 1) Sampling size is substantially increased, rendering the method computationally and memory expensive.

Sudden unilateral hearing loss and vertigo following isolated cerebellar hypoperfusion without infarction due to vertebral artery dissection.

Background: The definition of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is broadly accepted as acute sensorineural hearing loss of more than 30 dB over at least three consecutive frequencies in a pure-tone audiogram (PTA). Acute audiovestibular loss is common with ischaemic stroke in the territory of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA). However, cases in which SSNHL and vertigo occur with hypoperfusion alone are very rare.

Functionalised electrospun membranes (TETA-PVC) for the removal of lead(ii) from water.

Driven by the need for delivering sustainable water purification solutions for the removal of heavy metals from water, electrospun PVC membranes were functionalised with triethylenetetramine (TETA) and were used to remove lead(ii) ions selectively from water. The membranes were characterised and their adsorption behavior towards the removal of lead from water was investigated. The incorporation of TETA on the membrane's surface significantly improved the removal efficiency of lead(ii) up to 99.

Deep Estimation of Speckle Statistics Parametric Images.

Quantitative Ultrasound (QUS) provides important information about the tissue properties. QUS parametric image can be formed by dividing the envelope data into small overlapping patches and computing different speckle statistics such as parameters of the Nakagami and Homodyned K-distributions (HK-distribution). The calculated QUS parametric images can be erroneous since only a few independent samples are available inside the patches.

An open-source framework for fast-yet-accurate calculation of quantum mechanical features.

We present the open-source framework that enables the efficient and robust calculation of quantum mechanical features for atoms and molecules. For a benchmark set of 49 experimental molecular polarizabilities, the predictive power of the presented method competes against second-order perturbation theory in a converged atomic-orbital basis set at a fraction of its computational costs. The calculation of isotropic molecular polarizabilities is robust for a data set of more than 80 000 molecules.

Bi-Directional Semi-Supervised Training of Convolutional Neural Networks for Ultrasound Elastography Displacement Estimation.

The performance of ultrasound elastography (USE) heavily depends on the accuracy of displacement estimation. Recently, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown promising performance in optical flow estimation and have been adopted for USE displacement estimation. Networks trained on computer vision images are not optimized for USE displacement estimation since there is a large gap between the computer vision images and the high-frequency radio frequency (RF) ultrasound data.

Robust Scatterer Number Density Segmentation of Ultrasound Images.

Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) aims to reveal information about the tissue microstructure using backscattered echo signals from clinical scanners. Among different QUS parameters, scatterer number density is an important property that can affect the estimation of other QUS parameters. Scatterer number density can be classified into high or low scatterer densities.

Ultrasound Scatterer Density Classification Using Convolutional Neural Networks and Patch Statistics.

Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) can reveal crucial information on tissue properties, such as scatterer density. If the scatterer density per resolution cell is above or below 10, the tissue is considered as fully developed speckle (FDS) or underdeveloped speckle (UDS), respectively. Conventionally, the scatterer density has been classified using estimated statistical parameters of the amplitude of backscattered echoes.

Histopathological assessment of protective effects of selenium nanoparticles on rat hepatocytes exposed to Gamma radiation.

Gamma radiation are used in many medical and technical applications, however, it is one of the most dangerous kinds of radiation and can be harmful to the body. The present study was designed to clarify the protective effects of the selenium supplementation as selenium nanoparticle and selenite selenium in rat liver against Gamma irradiation with different intensities of 2.00 and 8.

A retrospective observational population-based study to assess the prevalence and burden of illness of type 2 diabetes with an estimated glomerular filtration rate < 90 mL/min/1.73 m in Ontario, Canada.

Aim: To better understand the healthcare burden of people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 90 mL/min/1.73 m in Ontario, Canada.

Materials And Methods: We used administrative data to evaluate the prevalence of T2D, eGFR < 90 mL/min/1.

Real-time and High Quality Ultrasound Elastography Using Convolutional Neural Network by Incorporating Analytic Signal.

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) have been extensively used for many computer vision applications including optical flow estimation. Although CNNs have been very successful in optical flow problem, they have been rarely used for displacement estimation in Ultrasound Elastography (USE) due to vast differences between ultrasound data and computer vision images. In USE, a main goal is to obtain the strain image which is the derivative of the axial displacement in axial direction; therefore, a very accurate displacement estimation is required.

Segmentation of Ultrasound Images based on Scatterer Density using U-Net.

Quantitative ultrasound can provide an objective estimation of different tissue properties, which may be used for tissue characterization and detection of abnormal tissue. The effective number of scatterers in different parts of a tissue is one of the important tissue properties that can be estimated by quantitative ultrasound techniques. The envelope echo is the signal which is usually used to estimate the scatterer density.

A Pilot Study on Scatterer Density Classification of Ultrasound Images Using Deep Neural Networks.

Quantitative ultrasound estimates different intrinsic tissue properties, which can be used for tissue characterization. Among different tissue properties, the effective number of scatterers per resolution cell is an important parameter, which can be estimated by the echo envelope. Assuming the signal is stationary and coherent, if the number of scatterers per resolution cell is above approximately 10, envelope signal is considered to be fully developed speckle (FDS) and otherwise they are from low scatterer number density (LSND).

Consensus on Virtual Management of Vestibular Disorders: Urgent Versus Expedited Care.

The virtual practice has made major advances in the way that we care for patients in the modern era. The culture of virtual practice, consulting, and telemedicine, which had started several years ago, took an accelerated leap as humankind was challenged by the novel coronavirus pandemic (COVID19). The social distancing measures and lockdowns imposed in many countries left medical care providers with limited options in evaluating ambulatory patients, pushing the rapid transition to assessments via virtual platforms.

Displacement Estimation in Ultrasound Elastography Using Pyramidal Convolutional Neural Network.

In this article, two novel deep learning methods are proposed for displacement estimation in ultrasound elastography (USE). Although convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been very successful for displacement estimation in computer vision, they have been rarely used for USE. One of the main limitations is that the radio frequency (RF) ultrasound data, which is crucial for precise displacement estimation, has vastly different frequency characteristics compared with images in computer vision.

Antidepressant Prescriptions, Including Tricyclics, Continue to Increase in Canadian Children.

Few studies have longitudinally followed trends in antidepressant prescribing for Canadian children following the Black Box warning issued in 2004. Using a national data source, we aim to describe trends in antidepressant recommendations for Canadian children ages 1-18 during 2012 to 2016. A database called the Canadian Disease and Therapeutic Index (CDTI), provided by IQVIA, was used to conduct analyses.

The effects of crocin, mesalazine and their combination in the acetic acid-induced colitis in rats.

Crocin, as a carotenoid compound of saffron, exerts a potent antioxidant property. Mesalazine is frequently used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. This study investigated the effects of separated and combination treatments with crocin and mesalazine in a rat model of ulcerative colitis.

Hemp seed/evening primrose oil affects expression of STAT3, IL-17, and FOXP3 in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

T helper (Th)-17 mediate inflammation in both peripheral tissues and the central nervous system. Signal transducer and activator of transcription factor3 (STAT3) is required for Th-cell pathogenicity and its activation in the brain has been demonstrated during the acute phase of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) through the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. Rapamycin (RAPA), an inhibitor of mTOR, can drive Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) induction as a regulatory factor.