Publications by authors named "Ali Tafazzoli"
Objectives: Multicancer early detection (MCED) testing could result in earlier cancer diagnosis, thereby improving survival and reducing treatment costs. This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of MCED testing plus usual care (UC) screening while accounting for the impact of clinical uncertainty and population heterogeneity for an MCED test with broad coverage of solid cancer incidence.
Study Design: Cost-effectiveness analysis of MCED testing plus UC vs UC alone in an adult population in the US.
Background: In the EMPEROR-Reduced trial (Empagliflozin Outcome Trial in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure and a Reduced Ejection Fraction), empagliflozin plus standard of care reduced the composite of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure versus standard of care in adults with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. This analysis investigated the cost-effectiveness of the 2 regimens from the perspective of US payors.
Methods And Results: A Markov cohort model was developed based on Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire Clinical Summary Score quartiles and death.
Purpose: This research examined the cost-effectiveness of adding empagliflozin to standard of care (SoC) compared with SoC alone for treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) from the perspective of healthcare payers in the United Kingdom (UK), Spain and France.
Methods: A lifetime Markov cohort model was developed to simulate patients' progression through health states based on Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire Clinical Summary Score. The model predicted risk of death, hospitalisation for worsening heart failure (HHF), treatment-related adverse events, and treatment discontinuation each monthly cycle.
Introduction: The credibility of model-based economic evaluations of Alzheimer's disease (AD) interventions is central to appropriate decision-making in a policy context. We report on the International PharmacoEconomic Collaboration on Alzheimer's Disease (IPECAD) Modeling Workshop Challenge.
Methods: Two common benchmark scenarios, for the hypothetical treatment of AD mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild dementia, were developed jointly by 29 participants.
Background: Multi-cancer early detection (MCED) testing could increase detection of cancer at early stages, when survival outcomes are better and treatment costs are lower, but is expected to increase screening costs. This study modeled an MCED test for 19 solid cancers in a US population and estimated the potential value-based price (the maximum price to meet a given willingness to pay) of the MCED test plus current single cancer screening (usual care) compared to usual care alone from a third-party payer perspective over a lifetime horizon.
Methods: A hybrid cohort-level state-transition and decision-tree model was developed to estimate the clinical and economic outcomes of annual MCED testing between age 50 and 79 years.
Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that places a substantial burden on patients, caregivers, and society. The advent of disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) would represent a major advancement in the management of AD, particularly in early AD. It is important to understand the potential value of these therapies to individuals and society.
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- Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive condition that significantly impacts memory and behavior, creating a financial strain on caregivers and healthcare systems; this study focused on modeling the impact of lecanemab, an antibody targeting amyloid protofibrils, for early AD patients alongside standard of care (SoC).
- Using a disease simulation model based on clinical trial data, researchers evaluated how early intervention with lecanemab could affect patient outcomes, such as quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and total care costs over a lifetime.
- The results indicated that lecanemab combined with SoC could lead to higher QALYs and lower overall costs compared to SoC alone, with potential value-based prices (VBP
Article Synopsis
- Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major cause of dementia, and lecanemab is a monoclonal antibody that targets amyloid protofibrils, showing promise in early AD treatment by reducing brain amyloid and slowing cognitive decline in a clinical trial.
- A disease simulation model was developed to project long-term outcomes of lecanemab, comparing its effects when added to standard care versus standard care alone for patients with mild cognitive impairment and mild AD dementia.
- Results indicate that lecanemab treatment could extend the duration of early-stage AD and delay progression to more severe stages, leading to increased life years, improved quality of life for patients and caregivers, and a lower likelihood of needing institutional care.
Importance: The possibility of widespread use of a novel effective therapy for Alzheimer disease (AD) will present important clinical, policy, and financial challenges.
Objective: To describe how including different patient, caregiver, and societal treatment-related factors affects estimates of the cost-effectiveness of a hypothetical disease-modifying AD treatment.
Design, Setting, And Participants: In this economic evaluation, the Alzheimer Disease Archimedes Condition Event Simulator was used to simulate the prognosis of a hypothetical cohort of patients selected from the Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database who received the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
Introduction: To develop a simulation model assessing the efficiency of using cladribine tablets versus infusion-based disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) from a facility perspective in the UK.
Methods: A scheduling algorithm was developed to simulate day-case admissions and calculate the mean changes to resource use and time burden for patients in a facility that transitions from infusion-based treatments to cladribine tablets over 1 year. Model inputs and assumptions were based on previous research and expert opinion.
Background/aims: Few studies have modeled individual Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) symptom scores for Alzheimer disease (AD) patients and assessed the value of therapeutic interventions that can potentially impact them. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of new AD symptomatic treatments on relevant health economic outcomes via their potential effects on cognition and neuropsychiatric symptoms such as depression, irritability, anxiety, and sleep disorder.
Methods: We enhanced the previously published AHEAD model (Assessment of Health Economics in Alzheimer's Disease) by including new variables and functional relations to capture the NPI's individual neuropsychiatric symptoms in addition to the total NPI score.
Alzheimer's disease Archimedes condition-event simulator: Development and validation.
Alzheimers Dement (N Y)
February 2018
Introduction: Several advances have been made in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) modeling, however, there remains a need for a simulator that represents the full scope of disease progression and can be used to study new disease-modifying treatments for early-stage and even prodromal AD.
Methods: We developed AD Archimedes condition-event simulator, a patient-level simulator with a focus on simulating the effects of early interventions through changes in biomarkers of AD. The simulator incorporates interconnected predictive equations derived from longitudinal data sets.
Objective: The introduction of the Hospital Readmission Reduction Program (HRRP) has led to renewed interest in developing strategies to reduce 30 day readmissions among patients with heart failure (HF). In this study, a model was developed to investigate whether the addition of ivabradine to a standard-of-care (SoC) treatment regimen for patients with HF would reduce HRRP penalties incurred by a hypothetical hospital with excess 30 day readmissions.
Research Design: A model using a Monte Carlo simulation framework was developed.
Background: Ivabradine is a heart rate-lowering agent approved to reduce the risk of hospitalization for worsening heart failure. This study assessed the cost-effectiveness of adding ivabradine to background therapy in the United States from the perspective of a commercial or Medicare Advantage payer.
Methods And Results: A cost-effectiveness, cohort-based Markov model using a state transition approach tracked a cohort of heart failure patients with heart rate ≥70 beats per minute in sinus rhythm who were treated with ivabradine+background therapy or background therapy alone.
Objective: Data from the SINGLE trial demonstrated that 88% of treatment-naïve HIV-1 patients treated with dolutegravir and abacavir/lamivudine (DTG + ABC/3TC) achieved viral suppression at 48 weeks compared with 81% of patients treated with efavirenz/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (EFV/TDF/FTC). It is unclear how this difference in short-term efficacy impacts long-term cost-effectiveness of these regimens. This study sought to evaluate long-term cost-effectiveness of DTG + ABC/3TC vs EFV/TDF/FTC from a US payer perspective.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Data from the SINGLE trial demonstrated that 88% of treatment-naive HIV-1 patients treated with dolutegravir and abacavir/lamivudine (DTG+ABC/3TC) achieved viral suppression at 48 weeks compared with 81% of patients treated with efavirenz/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (EFV/TDF/FTC). It is unclear how this difference in short-term efficacy impacts long-term cost-effectiveness of these regimens. This study sought to evaluate the long-term cost-effectiveness of DTG+ABC/3TC versus EFV/TDF/FTC from a US payer perspective.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDetection of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in hospitals provides an important measure of the burden of drug related morbidity on the healthcare system. Spontaneous reporting of ADRs is scare and several obstacles to such reporting have been identified formerly. This study aimed to determine the role of clinical pharmacy residents in ADR reporting within a hospital setting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDisease specific systems usually offer excellent functionality for the management of the covered diseases. But the restriction to a certain disease often hampers their wide spread use since they are not optimised for clinical workflow. The Giessener Tumordokumentationssystem (GTDS) is a disease specific system that is not only designed for the use in tumour registries but also to support clinical care.
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