Putative new combination vaccine candidates identified by reverse vaccinology and genomic approaches to control enteric pathogens.

Objectives: The pathogenic microorganisms that cause intestinal diseases can significantly jeopardize people's health. Currently, there are no authorized treatments or vaccinations available to combat the germs responsible for intestinal disease.

Methods: Using immunoinformatics, we developed a potent multi-epitope Combination (combo) vaccine versus Salmonella and enterohemorrhagic E.

A novel chimeric vaccine containing multiple epitopes for simulating robust immune activation against Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Background: Due to antibiotic resistance, the Klebsiella genus is linked to morbidity and death, necessitating the development of a universally protective vaccine against Klebsiella pathogens.

Methods: Core sequence analysis prioritized non-redundant host molecules and expected lipid bilayer peptides from fully sequenced Klebsiella genomes. These proteins were refined to identify epitopes, examining their immunogenicity, toxicity, solubility, and interaction with MHC alleles.

Putative novel outer membrane antigens multi-epitope DNA vaccine candidates identified by Immunoinformatic approaches to control Acinetobacter baumannii.

Multi-epitope polypeptide vaccines, a fusion protein, often have a string-of-beads system composed of various specific peptide epitopes, potential adjuvants, and linkers. When choosing the sequence of various segments and linkers, many alternatives are available. These variables can influence the vaccine's effectiveness through their effects on physicochemical properties and polypeptide tertiary structure.

Novel csuC-DNA nanovaccine based on chitosan candidate vaccine against infection with Acinetobacter baumannii.

Background: Generating vaccines is a promising and effective method for stopping the spread of Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) infections that are becoming more and more drug-resistant (MDR). Developing a DNA vaccine and testing its efficacy and protective effects in BALB/c mice were the goals of this research.

Genetic Variation in Intergenic and Exonic miRNA Sequence and Risk of Multiple Sclerosis in the Isfahan Patients.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs), have been documented to perform a key role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease. Recent studies have shown that single nucleotide polymorphism in the sequence of the miRNA may change their production and expression which can lead to miRNA dysfunction and pathogenicity. Some studies have reported the relationship between miRNA polymorphism and the increased risk of autoimmune disease.

Aflatoxin M1 Contamination Levels in Cheeses Sold in Isfahan Province, Iran.

Objectives: Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1)-contaminated dairy products pose serious human health risks, causing liver and renal failure if consumed. They are also related to decreased milk and egg production in infected animals. This study investigated the AFM1 contamination levels in cheeses sold in Isfahan province, Iran, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Evaluation of Microbial Contamination and Chemical Qualities of Cream-filled Pastries in Confectioneries of Chaharmahal Va Bakhtiari Province (Southwestern Iran).

Objectives: High consumption of bakery products such as cream-filled pastries may cause serious health risks and food poisoning to humans. Therefore, investigation of the microbial and chemical qualities of bakery products containing cream is necessary. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the chemical qualities and microbial contaminations of cream-filled pastries collected from confectioneries located in six cities in Chaharmahal Va Bakhtiari province (Southwestern Iran).

Bovine herpesvirus type 5 in semen samples from bulls in Iran.

Bovine herpesvirus 5 (BoHV-5) is an important pathogen of the central nervous system and has already been described in the genital tract of cattle and in semen. This virus is responsible for sporadic epizootics of fatal meningoencephalitis of calves. The objective of the present study was the identification and characterization of BoHV-5 in semen samples from bulls for the first time in Iran.