Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride-loaded ocular silk fibroin liposomes: Formulation, characterisation, cytotoxicity, and antimicrobial activity.

Ocular drugs have low absorption because of the unique environment in the eye, making ocular drugs one of the most challenging pharmaceutical initiatives. Liposomes have shown to be a promising ocular drug delivery system over the years because of enhanced drug absorption, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Utilising a mucoadhesive material alongside liposomes could be a promising strategy to increase the therapeutic efficacy of ocular drugs.

Innovative biopolymers composite based thin film for wound healing applications.

Efficient wound and burn healing is crucial for minimising complications, preventing infections, and enhancing overall well-being, necessitating the development of innovative strategies. This study aimed to formulate a novel thin film combining chitosan, carboxymethyl cellulose, tannic acid, and beeswax for improved wound healing applications. Several formulations, incorporating chitosan, carboxymethyl cellulose, tannic acid, and beeswax in various percentages, were utilized to deposit thin films via the solvent evaporation technique, Mechanical properties, morphology, antioxidant activity, antibacterial efficacy, and wound healing potential were evaluated.

Development and validation of HPLC-UV and LC-MS/MS methods for the quantitative determination of a novel aminothiazole in preclinical samples.

Aminothiazoles are the important class of chemical groups which have proven their broad range of biological activities. A novel aminothiazole (21MAT) was quantified in analytical solutions using a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) approach that was developed and partially validated for the analysis of in vitro experimental samples. An isocratic elution on reverse phase Phenomenex Luna C (50 mm × 4.

Evaluation of zinc oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles as potential alternatives to antibiotics for managing fowl typhoid in broilers.

Antimicrobial resistance poses challenges to humans and animals, especially to the poultry sector in control of fowl typhoid with antibiotics, leading to increased mortality and food insecurity. Therefore, it is essential to develop more effective medications as alternatives to antibiotics. Currently, zinc oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles are of such significant interest due to their antibacterial properties.

Optimized submerged batch fermentation for metabolic switching in 3-10 providing platform for reveromycin A and B biosynthesis, engineering, and production.

The cultivation system requires that the approach providing biomass for all types of metabolic analysis is of excellent quality and reliability. This study was conducted to enhance the efficiency and yield of antifungal substance (AFS) production in 3-10 by optimizing operation conditions of aeration, agitation, carbon source, and incubation time in a fermenter. Dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH were found to play significant roles in AFS production.

Investigation of salt tolerance in cotton germplasm by analyzing agro-physiological traits and ERF genes expression.

The development of genotypes that can tolerate high levels of salt is crucial for the efficient use of salt-affected land and for enhancing crop productivity worldwide. Therefore, incorporating salinity tolerance is a critical trait that crops must possess. Salt resistance is a complex character, controlled by multiple genes both physiologically and genetically.

Changes in characteristics of spermatogonial stem cells in response to heat stress in stallions.

Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are essential for the maintenance of male fertility and survival of species. Environmental conditions, notably heat stress, have been identified as important causes of male infertility and have a negative impact on SSCs. Animals with cryptorchid testes (CT) are optimal models for the study of long-term heat stress-related changes in germ cells.

Expression pattern of germ cell markers in cryptorchid stallion testes.

Cryptorchidism affects spermatogenesis and testis development, often resulting in stallion subfertility/infertility. This study aims to identify the specific germ cells impacted by cryptorchism in stallions. In a previous study, we found that PGP9.

Enhanced Regularized Ensemble Encoderdecoder Network for Accurate Brain Tumor Segmentation.

Background: Segmenting tumors in MRI scans is a difficult and time-consuming task for radiologists. This is because tumors come in different shapes, sizes, and textures, making them hard to identify visually.

Objective: This study proposes a new method called the enhanced regularized ensemble encoder-decoder network (EREEDN) for more accurate brain tumor segmentation.

In-vitro evaluation of Indigofera heterantha extracts for antibacterial, antifungal and anthelmintic activities.

Background: Multidrug-resistant bacterial strains cause several serious infections that can be fatal, such as Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacteriaceae (often referred to as ESKAPE pathogens). Since ancient times, several indigenous medical systems in India have utilized diverse medicinal plants (approximately 80,000 species) as conventional treatments for a variety of illnesses. A member of the Fabaceae family, also referred to as "Himalayan indigo," Indigofera heterantha Wall, is well known for its therapeutic properties.

Antibiotic Stewardship: A Handshaking Strategy Among Physicians and Pharmacists to Improve therapeutic Outcomes in Hematology-Oncology.

Infections are highly susceptible in patients with hematological malignancies due to immune suppression, immunosuppressive therapies and disease progression. Rational use of antibiotics following Antimicrobial Stewardship (AMS) guidelines in early detection and response to infection is significant to improve patient care. The present study was conducted to determine the impact of clinical pharmacists' interventions (PIs) on antibiotics usage in hematology-oncology set up in Karachi, Pakistan.

Laparoscopic extralevator abdominoperineal resection for low rectal cancer: The myth of reinventing the wheel.

Background & Objective: To review oncological outcomes of laparoscopic extralevator abdominoperineal excision (LAP-ELAPE) for low rectal cancer.In locally advanced low rectal cancer, ELAPE which is en-bloc resection of levator muscles along with the tumor in a prone position has significantly decreased the rate of having either positive circumferential resection margin (CRM) or tumor perforation. The aim of the study was to determine the oncological outcomes of laparoscopic extralevator abdominoperineal excision (LAP-ELAPE) for low rectal cancer.

Drought and heat stress on cotton genotypes suggested agro-physiological and biochemical features for climate resilience.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of individual drought, heat, and combined drought and heat stress on twelve cotton genotypes, including eight tolerant and four susceptible genotypes. A field experiment was carried out by employing a randomized complete block split-plot design, with treatments (control, drought, heat, drought + heat), and cotton genotypes assigned to the main plots and sub-plots respectively. The results showed that the combined stress had a more severe impact on the yield and fiber quality of cotton genotypes compared to individual stresses.

Heat stress and stallion fertility.

The threat posed by increased surface temperatures worldwide has attracted the attention of researchers to the reaction of animals to heat stress. Spermatogenesis in animals such as stallions is a temperature-dependent process, ideally occurring at temperatures slightly below the core body temperature. Thus, proper thermoregulation is essential, especially because stallion spermatogenesis and the resulting spermatozoa are negatively affected by increased testicular temperature.

Mycoviruses: Antagonistic Potential, Fungal Pathogenesis, and Their Interaction with .

Mycoviruses, or fungal viruses, are prevalent in all significant fungal kingdoms and genera. These low-virulence viruses can be used as biocontrol agents to manage fungal diseases. These viruses are divided into 19 officially recognized families and 1 unclassified genus.

Transcriptomic analysis of Ralstonia solanacearum in response to antibacterial volatiles of Bacillus velezensis FZB42.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), produced by a variety of microbial species and used as biological agents, have been demonstrated to play a significant role in controlling phytopathogens. In continuation of our previous studies, we aim to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and pathways involved in interactions between pathogens and microbial VOCs. In the current study, we tested how VOCs produced by Bacillus velezensis FZB42 affect the growth of Ralstonia solanacearum TBBS1 in vitro.

A generalized procedure for joint monitoring and probabilistic quantification of extreme climate events at regional level.

Droughts and heat waves are currently recognized as two of the most serious threats associated with climate changes. Drought is characterized by prolonged dry periods, low precipitation, and high temperature, while heat wave refers to an extended period of exceptionally high temperature, surpassing the region's average for that time of year. There is a close relationship between droughts and heat waves, as both are often caused by similar weather patterns and can exacerbate each other's impacts.