Iodonium(III) Ylide: An Iodoalkylation Reagent with Aryne.

A tandem Hexadehydro-Diels-Alder (HDDA)/[2 + 2] cycloaddition/aryl migration reaction of iodonium ylide with tetrayne is described, in which iodonium ylide served as a unique double bond and reacted with aryne to form a four-membered iodonium(III) cycle, then converted to iodoarene after aryl group migration from iodine to adjacent carbon. This strategy allows the efficient construction of fully substituted iodoarene compounds.

Transition Metal Carbonitride MXenes Anchored with Pt Sub-Nanometer Clusters to Achieve High-Performance Hydrogen Evolution Reaction at All pH Range.

Transition metal carbides, known as MXenes, particularly TiCT, have been extensively explored as promising materials for electrochemical reactions. However, transition metal carbonitride MXenes with high nitrogen content for electrochemical reactions are rarely reported. In this work, transition metal carbonitride MXenes incorporated with Pt-based electrocatalysts, ranging from single atoms to sub-nanometer dimensions, are explored for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).

Shifting temporal trends and disparities in sarcoidosis mortality in the United States: A retrospective analysis from 1999 to 2020.

Introduction: Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease characterized by granulomas, the etiology of which remains unclear. This study examines sarcoidosis-related mortality trends in the United States from 1999 to 2020, with a focus on disparities pertaining to patient sex, geographical location, and urbanization status.

Methods: We analyzed death certificate data from the CDC WONDER database, using ICD-10 code D86.

Feeding and Growth Response of Fall Armyworm towards Different Host Plants.

The fall armyworm, , is a major migratory polyphagous insect pest of various crops. The essential nutrient and mineral profile of the host plants determines the feeding fitness of herbivorous insects. As a result, the growth and development of insects is affected.

Effect of flaxseed oil cyclolinopeptides on lipid oxidation, protein oxidation, and lipid profile during in vitro digestion of high-fat beef.

This study investigated the influence of flaxseed oil cyclolinopeptides (CLs) on lipid and protein oxidation during high-fat meat digestion. Fourteen CLs were identified in flaxseed oil through UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS, with dominant CLA, CLB, CLE, and CLM. During in vitro digestion, CLs inhibited lipid oxidation products (lipid hydroperoxide, Malondialdehyde, and 4-hydroxynonenal) and protein carbonylation.

Effects of oral steroid sparing immunosuppressive drugs in long term maintenance treatment of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy.

Background And Objectives: Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is an acquired treatable autoimmune disorder. Due to limited availability and affordability of IV immunoglobulins and therapeutic plasma exchange in Pakistan, oral immunosuppressive drugs (ISDs) are used despite limited role in literature. The study aimed to determine the response to ISDs in CIDP patients by assessing the frequency of remission, reduction of disability using a neuropathy related disability score called Inflammatory Neuropathy Cause and Treatment score (or INCAT score), as well as reduction in steroid maintenance dose.

Pulmonary tuberculosis masquerading as a mass cancer lesion: A rare case report and review of literature.

Key Clinical Message: Despite being generally treatable and preventative, pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is one of the most common infectious agents that cause death. Misdiagnosis of TB frequently leads to unwarranted diagnostic procedures and postpones the start of treatment.

Abstract: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) can present with various unusual radiological and clinical characteristics.

Hydrophilic catheters for intermittent catheterization and occurrence of urinary tract infections. A retrospective comparative study in patients with spinal cord Injury.

Background: Neurogenic bladder dysfunction is a major problem for spinal cord injury (SCI) patients not only due to the risk of serious complications but also because of the impact on quality of life. The main aim of this study is to compare the rate of urinary tract infection (UTI) associated with hydrophilic-coated catheters versus uncoated polyvinyl chloride (PVC) catheters among SCI patients presenting with functional neurogenic bladder sphincter disorders.

Methodology: This was a retrospective cohort study from 2005 to 2020 including adult male or female patients who have an SCI at least more than 1 month ago with neurogenic bladder dysfunction and were using intermittent catheterization (single-use hydrophilic-coated or the standard-of-care polyvinyl chloride uncoated standard catheters) at least 3 times a day to maintain bladder emptying.

Neurosyphilis with sequential respiratory complications: A case report highlighting diagnostic and treatment challenges.

In this case report, we describe the presentation and clinical course of a 25-year-old male with a complex medical history and a fatal outcome due to neurosyphilis. The diagnosis of neurosyphilis-related complications. Neurosyphilis, a variant of tertiary syphilis, is a rare condition but can present with a wide range of neurological symptoms.

Efficacy of DAP coated with bacterial strains and their metabolites for soil phosphorus availability and maize growth.

Phosphorus (P) use efficiency in alkaline/calcareous soils is only 20% due to precipitation of PO with calcium and magnesium. However, coating Diammonium Phosphate (DAP) with phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) is more appropriate to increase fertilizer use efficiency. Therefore, with the aim to use inorganic fertilizers more effectively present study was conducted to investigate comparative effect of coated DAP with PSB strains Bacillus subtilis ZE15 (MN003400), Bacillus subtilis ZR3 (MN007185), Bacillus megaterium ZE32 (MN003401) and Bacillus megaterium ZR19 (MN007186) and their extracted metabolites with uncoated DAP under axenic conditions.

Facile synthesis of anthranilic acid based dual functionalized novel hyper cross-linked polymer for promising CO capture and efficient Cr adsorption.

A novel hyper cross-linked polymer of 2-Aminobenzoic acid (HCP-AA) is synthesized for the adsorption of Cr and CO. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of HCP-AA is 615 m g. HCP-AA of particle size 0.

Predicting COVID-19 outcomes with the Edmonton Obesity Staging System.

Background: Multiple studies have demonstrated a correlation between a high body mass index and discriminatory COVID-19 outcomes. Studies appear to indicate that there is a correlation between obesity-related comorbidities and less favorable outcomes.

Objectives: The primary aim of the current investigation is to conduct a thorough assessment of the correlation between BMI and comorbidities associated with obesity, and their potential impact on the severity and consequences of COVID-19 infection among patients receiving care in a tertiary healthcare setting.

Constructing copper Phthalocyanine/Molybdenum disulfide (CuPc/MoS) S-scheme heterojunction with S-rich vacancies for enhanced Visible-Light photocatalytic CO reduction.

Constructing a heterojunction by combining two semiconductors with similar band structures is a successful approach to obtaining photocatalysts with high efficiency. Herein, a CuPc/DR-MoS heterojunction involving copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) and molybdenum disulfide with S-rich vacancies (13.66%) is successfully prepared by the facile hydrothermal method.

Epitaxial Strain Enhanced Ferroelectric Polarization toward a Giant Tunneling Electroresistance.

A substantial ferroelectric polarization is the key for designing high-performance ferroelectric nonvolatile memories. As a promising candidate system, the BaTiO/LaSrMnO (BTO/LSMO) ferroelectric/ferromagnetic heterostructure has attracted a lot of attention thanks to the merits of high Curie temperature, large spin polarization, and low ferroelectric coercivity. Nevertheless, the BTO/LSMO heterostructure suffers from a moderate FE polarization, primarily due to the quick film-thickness-driven strain relaxation.

Molecular modulation of interfaces in a Z-scheme van der Waals heterojunction for highly efficient photocatalytic CO reduction.

The construction of van der Waals (vdW) heterojunctions is a key approach for efficient and stable photocatalysts, attracting marvellous attention due to their capacity to enhance interfacial charge separation/transfer and offer reactive sites. However, when a vdW heterojunction is made through an ex-situ assembly, electron transmission faces notable obstacles at the components interface due to the substantial spacing and potential barrier. Herein, we present a novel strategy to address this challenge via wet chemistry by synthesizing a functionalized graphene-modulated Z-scheme vdW heterojunction of zinc phthalocyanine/tungsten trioxide (xZnPc/yG-WO).

Setting research priorities for global pandemic preparedness: An international consensus and comparison with ChatGPT's output.

Background: In this priority-setting exercise, we sought to identify leading research priorities needed for strengthening future pandemic preparedness and response across countries.

Methods: The International Society of Global Health (ISoGH) used the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI) method to identify research priorities for future pandemic preparedness. Eighty experts in global health, translational and clinical research identified 163 research ideas, of which 42 experts then scored based on five pre-defined criteria.

A Full-Spectrum ZnS Photocatalyst with Gradient Distribution of Atomic Copper Dopants and Concomitant Sulfur Vacancies for Highly Efficient Hydrogen Evolution.

A rarely discussed phenomenon in the realm of photocatalytic materials involves the presence of gradient distributed dopants and defects from the interior to the surface. This intriguing characteristic has been successfully achieved in the case of ZnS through the incorporation of atomic monovalent copper ions (Cu) and concurrent sulfur vacancies (V), resulting in a photocatalyst denoted as G-CZS. Through the cooperative action of these atomic Cu dopants and Vs, G-CZS significantly extends its photoabsorption range to encompass the full spectrum (200-2100 nm), which improves the solar utilization ability.

Charge transfer in TiO-based photocatalysis: fundamental mechanisms to material strategies.

Semiconductor-based photocatalysis has attracted significant interest due to its capacity to directly exploit solar energy and generate solar fuels, including water splitting, CO reduction, pollutant degradation, and bacterial inactivation. However, achieving the maximum efficiency in photocatalytic processes remains a challenge owing to the speedy recombination of electron-hole pairs and the limited use of light. Therefore, significant endeavours have been devoted to addressing these issues.

Efficacy and Safety of Brivaracetam in Persons With Epilepsy in a Real-World Setting: A Prospective, Non-Interventional Study.

Background And Aim: Epilepsy stands out as one of the most prevalent neurological conditions. Brivaracetam (BRV) is a noteworthy antiseizure medication (ASM) distinguished by its pronounced and selective interaction with the synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A) within the brain. Prior investigations, including regulatory trials, post-marketing assessments, and comparative meta-analyses, have consistently underscored BRV's equivalency in efficacy and superior tolerability when pitted against other antiseizure drugs.