The Protective Effects of Syringic Acid on Bisphenol A-Induced Neurotoxicity Possibly Through AMPK/PGC-1α/Fndc5 and CREB/BDNF Signaling Pathways.

Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor, is commonly used to produce epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics. Continuous exposure to BPA may contribute to the development of diseases in humans and seriously affect their health. Previous research suggests a significant relationship between the increased incidence of neurological diseases and the level of BPA in the living environment.

Hospitals' readiness for clinical governance implementation in educational hospitals of yazd, iran.

Background: Clinical governance is a systematic approach to maintaining and improving the quality of patient care. This study aimed to assess some Iranian educational hospitals' readiness for clinical governance implementation through the organizational climate.

Methods: It was a cross-sectional study that used the Clinical Governance Climate Questionnaire (CGCQ) in three educational hospitals in Yazd, a city in central Iran, in 2012.

Unexpected structural features of the hepatitis C virus envelope protein 2 ectodomain.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV), a member of the family Flaviviridae, is a leading cause of chronic liver disease and cancer. Recent advances in HCV therapeutics have resulted in improved cure rates, but an HCV vaccine is not available and is urgently needed to control the global pandemic. Vaccine development has been hampered by the lack of high-resolution structural information for the two HCV envelope glycoproteins, E1 and E2.

The rate of hepatitis C virus infection initiation in vitro is directly related to particle density.

To gain a more complete understanding of hepatitis C virus (HCV) entry, we initially assessed the rate at which HCV initiates productive attachment/infection in vitro and discovered it to be slower than most viruses. Since HCV, including cell culture-derived HCV (HCVcc), exhibits a broad-density profile (1.01-1.

Lamiridosins, hepatitis C virus entry inhibitors from Lamium album.

Phytochemical study of the aqueous extract of the flowering tops of Lamium album led to identification of the antiviral iridoid isomers lamiridosins A and B (1, 2). These compounds were found to significantly inhibit hepatitis C virus entry (IC(50) 2.31 muM) in vitro.

Hepatitis C Virus entry: the early steps in the viral replication cycle.

Approximately 170 million are infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) world wide and an estimated 2.7 million are HCV RNA positive in the United States alone. The acute phase of the HCV infection, in majority of individuals, is asymptomatic.

Unfolding the unique c-type heme protein, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cytochrome f.

We have studied the unfolding reaction of cytochrome f from the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Cytochrome f is different from all other c-type heme proteins in that it is a large, two-domain protein with predominantly beta-sheet structure. Moreover, the sixth axial ligand to the heme-iron is unique in cytochrome f: it is provided by the N-terminal alpha-amino group.